New isoquinoline alkaloid from Carduus crispus L.

A new isoquinoline alkaloid, along with other known 4 bioactive compounds (1 isoquinoline alkaloid, 2 flavonoids, 1 coumarin), were isolated from the ethanol extract of aerial parts of Carduus crispus L. Crispine А N-oxide was newly isolated compound, two of them (quercetin and rutin) were compounds isolated for the first time from indicated plant. The structures of these compounds were elucidated and confirmed with spectroscopic methods e.g. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EI-MS, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and by comparison with literature data.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.178 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry Vol.12 2011: 85-8

Hepatoprotective effects of Paeonia anomala against acetaminophen-induced cell damage through activation of anti-oxidant system

Overdose of the analgesic and anti-pyretic acetaminophen causes a potentially fatal hepatic necrosis due to a high toxicity and depletion of cellular defense mechanisms. In the present work, the potential hepatoprotective effect of the fruit extract of Paeonia anomala against acetaminophen induced cell damages was evaluated in cultured HepG2 cells and compared to the root extract. The fruit extract showed a potent protection against acetaminophen induced cell death, while the root extract showed a weak protection. Particularly, the pre-treatment of lower doses of the fruit extract, 10 μg/ mL and 20 μg/mL, significantly enhanced cell viability. The level of total glutathione in HepG2 cells treated with the fruit extract prior to the treatment of 40 mM acetaminophen was enhanced, however, the root extract failed for this activity. In addition, activities of quinone reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were increased and protein levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 and superoxide dismutase 1 were enhanced in the cells treated with 10-20 μg/mL of the fruit extract. Furthermore, the protein level of Nrf2, a crucial regulator for detoxifying and antioxidant systems, was increased by the fruit extract treatment. These results suggest that the fruit extract of P. anomala exerts protective effects against acetaminophen-induced toxicity through activation of key antioxidant systems.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.190 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p.5-1

СИНТЕЗ И СВОЙСТВА БИОАКТИВНЫХ ОРГАНОМИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ КОМПОЗИТОВ ДЛЯ ЗАЩИТЫ КЕРАМИЧЕСКИХ ФИЛЬТРУЮЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

The method of obtaining hybrid organic biocidal structures through the interaction of the guanidine base with alumophosphates and copper hydroxy carbonate has been described. It is established that the reaction products consist of tripolyphosphates and pyrophosphates of aluminum forming ionic bonds with polyhexamethylene guanidine ions and copper (II). It is shown that when applied to the surface of a ceramic filter element at a temperature of 170 °C, a biocidal composite is fixed on them, on average, amounting to 50.0 wt. % of a product that provides the protection of filters from biofouling.Описан метод получения «гибридных» органоминеральных биоцидных структур путем взаимодействия основания полигексаметиленгуанидина с алюмофосфатами и гидрокарбонатом меди. Установлено, что продукты реакции состоят из триполифосфатов и пирофосфатов алюминия, образующих ионные связи с полигексаметиленгуанидином и ионами меди (II). Показано, что при нанесении на поверхности керамических фильтроэлементов при температуре 170 °С биоцидного композита на них закрепляется в среднем 50,0 масс. % продукта, обеспечивающего защиту фильтров от биообрастания

Overview of Mongolian Classical Music and it's Significant Representative - Composer Sembe Gonchigsumlaa

Music composer Sembe Gonchigsumlaa is considered as a founder of Mongolian classic music. His life and work essentially influenced a development of Mongolian classic music that's why I have chosen this topic as a title of my diploma thesis. The chapter one presents a brief description of the Mongolian political and cultural background from the early 20th century till today, it's the key to understand the development of Mongolian classic music. Mongolia was influenced by classic Western culture, introduced from Russia. In the end of the chapter are described notable music institutions of Mongolia. The chapter two is dedicated to the composer's life and work from his early steps of composing until the masterpieces. In the last chapter I focus on composer's concentration to the piano as a fundamental instrument of classic music. Gonchigsumlaa was involved in many musical institutions and guided the evolution to ensure systematical and methodical education of amateur, professional musicians and composers. Mongolian composers combine traditional elements with modern classic techniques to produce unique sounds and compositions

Norditerpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium species

From the aerial parts of four Delphinium species 11 known and 3 new norditerpenoid alkaloids have been isolated: from D. dissectum Huth: delavaine A/B, deoxylycoctonine, methyllycaconitine;<br/> new: 10-hydroxymethyllycaconitine; from D. excelsum Reichenb.: delcaroline, delectinine, delterine, methyllycaconitine;<br/> new: 10-hydroxymethyllycaconitine, 18-O- methyldelterine and 10-hydroxynudicaulidine; from D. grandflorum L.: delcosine, deltatsine, grandiflorine, methyllycaconitine; from D. triste Fisch.: delcosine, macrocentridine, 14-dehydrodelcosine. The structures of the new alkaloids were established on the basis of MS, H-1, C-13, DEPT, homonuclear COSY, HMQC and HMBC NMR spectroscopic techniques

A Novel Topoisomerase Inhibitor, Daurinol, Suppresses Growth of HCT116 Cells with Low Hematological Toxicity Compared to Etoposide12

We report that daurinol, a novel arylnaphthalene lignan, is a promising potential anticancer agent with adverse effects that are less severe than those of etoposide, a clinical anticancer agent. Despite its potent antitumor activity, clinical use of etoposide is limited because of its adverse effects, including myelosuppression and the development of secondary leukemia. Here, we comprehensively compared the mechanistic differences between daurinol and etoposide because they have similar chemical structures. Etoposide, a topoisomerase II poison, is known to attenuate cancer cell proliferation through the inhibition of DNA synthesis. Etoposide treatment induces G2/M arrest, severe DNA damage, and the formation of giant nuclei in HCT116 cells. We hypothesized that the induction of DNA damage and nuclear enlargement due to abnormal chromosomal conditions could give rise to genomic instability in both tumor cells and in actively dividing normal cells, resulting in the toxic adverse effects of etoposide. We found that daurinol is a catalytic inhibitor of human topoisomerase IIa, and it induces S-phase arrest through the enhanced expression of cyclins E and A and by activation of the ATM/Chk/Cdc25A pathway in HCT116 cells. However, daurinol treatment did not cause DNA damage or nuclear enlargement in vitro. Finally, we confirmed the in vivo antitumor effects and adverse effects of daurinol and etoposide in nude mice xenograft models. Daurinol displayed potent antitumor effects without any significant loss of body weight or changes in hematological parameters, whereas etoposide treatment led to decreased body weight and white blood cell, red blood cell, and hemoglobin concentration

Vitamin D supplements and prevention of tuberculosis infection and disease

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D metabolites support innate immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS: We randomly assigned children who had negative results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube assay (QFT), to receive a weekly oral dose of 14,000 IU vitamin D3 or placebo over 3 years. The primary outcome was the proportion of children having a positive QFT result at 3 years. Secondary outcomes included end-study vitamin D status and incidence of tuberculosis disease, acute respiratory infections and adverse events. RESULTS: 8851 participants underwent randomization (4418 to vitamin D, 4433 to placebo), of whom 95.6% had baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <20 ng/mL. Mean end-study 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in participants randomized to vitamin D vs. placebo was 31.0 vs. 10.7 ng/mL (95% CI for difference, 19.9 to 20.6 ng/mL), and 147 participants in the vitamin D group vs. 134 participants in the placebo group tested positive by QFT (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.10, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.38, P=0.42). Tuberculosis disease was diagnosed in 21 children in the vitamin D group and 25 children in the placebo group (aRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.55). 29 participants randomized to vitamin D and 34 randomized to placebo were hospitalized for treatment of acute respiratory infections (aRR 0.86, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.40). Incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between study arms. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation did not reduce risk of tuberculosis infection, tuberculosis disease or acute respiratory infections among vitamin D-deficient schoolchildren in Mongolia