Differential immunohistochemical expression of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 2 among major salivary glands of young and geriatric mice

Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the immunohistochemical changes associated with MMP-2 and type 1 collagen separately for the first time in the major salivary glands (the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands) that occur with aging in mice. Material and Methods: Fourteen Balb/c white mice (50-80 g) were used in this study. The animals were divided into two equal groups. Group I consisted of young animals (2-month-old) (n=7) and Group II consisted of older animals (18-month-old) (n=7). After routine histological follow-ups, Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Masson’s Trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining was performed for type I collagen and MMP-2. Results: We observed that there were age-related decreases in the number of acinar cells, increase in eosinophilic zymogen granules in cells, collagen accumulation in fibrotic areas and dilatation in interlobular ducts. Also, while type I collagen and MMP-2 immunoreactivity were moderate in the salivary glands of the young mice, they were high in the salivary glands of the old mice (p=0.001). In the H-score assessment, MMP-2 immunoreactivity was lower at a significant level in young mice than in old mice (p=0.001). Conclusions:This study showed that anatomical, physiological and morphological abnormalities occur in all three major salivary glands as a natural consequence of aging

The optimal starting time of postoperative intraperitoneal mitomycin-C therapy with preserved intestinal wound healing

BACKGROUND: There is controversy about the effect of the timing of intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutic agents on the healing of intestinal anastomosis. We have investigated the effect on intestinal wound healing of mitomycin-C administered at different times post-operatively. METHODS: Eighty-four Wistar-Albino female rats underwent ileal resection and end-to-end anastomosis. The rats were randomly selected for intraperitoneal administration of mitomycin-C or saline as follows: mitomycin-C group (n = 65), 2 mg/kg mitomycin-C; control group (n = 13), 10 ml saline. The former was sub-divided into 5 equal groups (A 1–5) and mitomycin-C was administered postoperatively as follows: day 0 (A1), day 3 (A2), day 5 (A3), day 7 (A4) and day 10 (A5). All the rats were sacrificed on the 14th postoperative day and anastomotic bursting pressures and tissue hydroxyproline levels were determined. RESULTS: Five of the animals died postoperatively: 2 (15.4%) in group A1, 2 (15.4%) in group A2 and 1(7.7%) in group A3. Non-lethal anastomotic leakage was observed in a further five animals: 1 in group A1, 2 in group A2, 1 in group A5 and 1 in the control group. Groups A1 and A2 had significantly lower anastomotic bursting pressures than the other groups (P was <0.05 for each comparison). The anastomotic bursting pressures of group A3, A4 and A5 were comparable with those of the controls (P was >0.05 for each comparison). Tissue hydroxyproline levels in group A1 and A2 were significantly lower than in the controls (P values were <0.05 for each comparison) or the other mitomycin-C sub-groups (P was <0.05 for each comparison). CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy impairs intestinal wound healing when applied before the 5th postoperative day. Additional therapeutic approaches are needed to prevent this potentially lethal side effect of early intraperitoneal mitomycin-C administration

An Automotive Engine Calibration System Using Microcomputer

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Turkish women's knowledge of osteoporosis

Background. Preventive measures including patient education can reduce hip fractures related to osteoporosis. Sometimes osteoporosis can be diagnosed with fractures or with a serious health problem, and most women are probably unaware of the risk factors which can be changed by prevention. The first step in preventing osteoporosis in women should be to make them aware of the risk factors

A Cascade Phase-Sensitive Detector: Ⅱ : Phase Filter Synthesis

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Electrochemical Investigation and DNA-Binding Studies of Valacyclovir-Copper(II) Complex

WOS: 000312984600006The synthesis and the electrochemical characterization of copper(II) complex containing one molecule of antiviral drug, valacyclovir (VAL), is reported. In addition to characterization, the electrochemical properties of the copper(II) complex of VAL ([Cu(VAL)Cl2]) were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using glassy carbon electrode. The redox properties of the metal complex was reversible and exhibited diffusion controlled process depending on pH. The dependence of intensities of currents and potentials on pH, concentration, scan rate, and nature of the buffer was investigated. The oxidation/reduction mechanism was proposed and discussed. Also, the interaction of copper complex of VAL- with calf thymus double-stranded DNA was studied spectrophotometrically (UV-vis) and electrochemically by using CV at glassy carbon working electrode. Additionally, the cytotoxicity activity of complex has been investigated against the bovine herpes virus type I.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [109T020]; KSUKing Saud UniversityKahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University [2009/3-10]The authors wish to thank TUBITAK (Project No: 109T020) and KSU (Project No: 2009/3-10) for the financial support

A study of chewing muscles: Age-related changes in type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression

Objective: In this study, the aim was to investigate the biochemical, physiological and histological changes that occur in masticatory muscles of the masticatory system with aging. Design: In this study, 14 BALB/c mice were used. Animals were divided into two equal groups of seven. Group I was organized as the group of young animals (n = 7) and Group II as the group of adult animals (n = 7). After routine histological follow-up was performed, the tissues were embedded in paraffin. 4-5 μm thick cross-sections were taken from paraffin-embedded tissues and they were stained with Haemotoxylin and Eosin Type I collagen and Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) immunohistochemically. Results: It was observed that there was a decrease and shrinking in blood vessels due to aging. In young mice, Type I collagen and MMP-2 immunoreactivity in the masseter muscle tissue showed low staining, while Type I collagen and MMP-2 immunoreactivity in the temporal muscle tissue showed moderate staining. Type I collagen and MMP-2 immunoreactivity were significantly higher in the masseter and temporal muscles of elderly mice (p = 0.001). In the H-score evaluation, MMP-2 immune reactivity was significantly lower in young mice than in older mice (p = 0.001). Conclusion: It was determined that severe pain complications and functional losses are likely to occur with the increase of degeneration due to aging of masticator muscles

Differential immunohistochemical expression of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 2 among major salivary glands of young and geriatric mice

<div><p>Abstract Objective This study aimed to demonstrate the immunohistochemical changes associated with MMP-2 and type 1 collagen separately for the first time in the major salivary glands (the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands) that occur with aging in mice. Material and Methods Fourteen Balb/c white mice (50-80 g) were used in this study. The animals were divided into two equal groups. Group I consisted of young animals (2-month-old) (n=7) and Group II consisted of older animals (18-month-old) (n=7). After routine histological follow-ups, Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Masson’s Trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining was performed for type I collagen and MMP-2. Results We observed that there were age-related decreases in the number of acinar cells, increase in eosinophilic zymogen granules in cells, collagen accumulation in fibrotic areas and dilatation in interlobular ducts. Also, while type I collagen and MMP-2 immunoreactivity were moderate in the salivary glands of the young mice, they were high in the salivary glands of the old mice (p=0.001). In the H-score assessment, MMP-2 immunoreactivity was lower at a significant level in young mice than in old mice (p=0.001). Conclusions This study showed that anatomical, physiological and morphological abnormalities occur in all three major salivary glands as a natural consequence of aging.</p></div