6,056 research outputs found
Thermodynamics in the universe described by the emergence of the space and the energy balance relation
It has previously been shown that it is more general to describe the
evolution of the universe based on the emergence of the space and the energy
balance relation. Here we investigate the thermodynamic properties of the
universe described by such a model. We show that the first law of
thermodynamics and the generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) are both
satisfied and the weak energy condition are also fulfilled for two typical
examples. Finally we examine the physical consistency for the present model.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
LayoutMask: Enhance Text-Layout Interaction in Multi-modal Pre-training for Document Understanding
Visually-rich Document Understanding (VrDU) has attracted much research
attention over the past years. Pre-trained models on a large number of document
images with transformer-based backbones have led to significant performance
gains in this field. The major challenge is how to fusion the different
modalities (text, layout, and image) of the documents in a unified model with
different pre-training tasks. This paper focuses on improving text-layout
interactions and proposes a novel multi-modal pre-training model, LayoutMask.
LayoutMask uses local 1D position, instead of global 1D position, as layout
input and has two pre-training objectives: (1) Masked Language Modeling:
predicting masked tokens with two novel masking strategies; (2) Masked Position
Modeling: predicting masked 2D positions to improve layout representation
learning. LayoutMask can enhance the interactions between text and layout
modalities in a unified model and produce adaptive and robust multi-modal
representations for downstream tasks. Experimental results show that our
proposed method can achieve state-of-the-art results on a wide variety of VrDU
problems, including form understanding, receipt understanding, and document
image classification.Comment: Accepted by ACL 2023 main conferenc
- …