El narcoperiodismo de García Márquez: uma análise dos aspectos da narcoliteratura no livro-reportagem Notícia de um sequestro

Desde os anos 1970, a cobertura da mídia tradicional sobre o narcotráfico caracterizou-se pela superficialidade de suas narrativas cujo processo impossibilita a profundidade de análise. Porém, alguns repórteres foram bem-sucedidos ao aproximar o narcotráfico e o jornalismo literário, rompendo com essa barreira limitante, principalmente, a partir da produção de livros-reportagem. O tema influenciou a literatura do continente (originando termos como narcoliteratura, narconarrativa e narcocultura), bem como o contexto do tráfico de drogas proporcionou a produção editorial de obras de não ficção, a partir dos final dos anos 80, atingindo o ápice nos anos 90 e 2000. Desta forma, este artigo discute o papel do livro-reportagem para a produção cultural da narcoliteratura, a partir de uma análise de seus aspectos dentro da obra jornalística Notícia de um sequestro (1996), de Gabriel García Márquez. O artigo está apoiado nos conceitos de livro-reportagem, de Edvaldo Pereira Lima e nas discussões sobre narcocultura, de Omar Rincón e de Diana Palaversich

Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer: The PANDA challenge

Through a community-driven competition, the PANDA challenge provides a curated diverse dataset and a catalog of models for prostate cancer pathology, and represents a blueprint for evaluating AI algorithms in digital pathology. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise for diagnosing prostate cancer in biopsies. However, results have been limited to individual studies, lacking validation in multinational settings. Competitions have been shown to be accelerators for medical imaging innovations, but their impact is hindered by lack of reproducibility and independent validation. With this in mind, we organized the PANDA challenge-the largest histopathology competition to date, joined by 1,290 developers-to catalyze development of reproducible AI algorithms for Gleason grading using 10,616 digitized prostate biopsies. We validated that a diverse set of submitted algorithms reached pathologist-level performance on independent cross-continental cohorts, fully blinded to the algorithm developers. On United States and European external validation sets, the algorithms achieved agreements of 0.862 (quadratically weighted kappa, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.840-0.884) and 0.868 (95% CI, 0.835-0.900) with expert uropathologists. Successful generalization across different patient populations, laboratories and reference standards, achieved by a variety of algorithmic approaches, warrants evaluating AI-based Gleason grading in prospective clinical trials.KWF Kankerbestrijding ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) ; Swedish Research Council European Commission ; Swedish Cancer Society ; Swedish eScience Research Center ; Ake Wiberg Foundation ; Prostatacancerforbundet ; Academy of Finland ; Cancer Foundation Finland ; Google Incorporated ; MICCAI board challenge working group ; Verily Life Sciences ; EIT Health ; Karolinska Institutet ; MICCAI 2020 satellite event team ; ERAPerMe

Morphological and molecular characteristics of HER2 amplified urothelial bladder cancer

Several (pre-) clinical trials are currently investigating the benefit of HER2-targeted therapy in urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). Patients with HER2 amplified UBC could potentially profit from these therapies. However, little is known about histomorphology, HER2 protein expression patterns and occurrence of alterations in the HER2 gene in their tumors. Among 150 metastasizing primary UBC, 13 HER2 amplified tumors were identified. Their histopathological features were compared with 13 matched, non-amplified UBC. HER2 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. The 26 tumors were screened for mutations in exons 19 and 20 of the HER2 gene. UBC with HER2 amplification presented with a broad variety of histological variants (median 2 vs. 1), frequently featured micropapillary tumor components (77% vs. 8%) and demonstrated a high amount of tumor associated inflammation. Immunohistochemically, 10 of 13 (77%) HER2 amplified tumors were strongly HER2 protein positive. Three tumors (23%) were scored as HER2 negative. One of the HER2 amplified tumors harbored a D769N mutation in exon 19 of the HER2 gene; all other tested tumors were wild type. In conclusion, HER2 amplified UBC feature specific morphological characteristics. They frequently express the HER2 protein diffusely and are, therefore, promising candidates for HER2 targeted therapies. The detection of mutations at the HER2 locus might add new aspects to molecular testing of UBC