Towards CF3S group : from trifluoromethylationof sulfides to direct trifluoromethylthiolation

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Patterns of the Cranial Venous System from the Comparative Anatomy in Vertebrates: Part III. The Ventricular System and Comparative Anatomy of the Venous Outlet of Spinal Cord and Its Homology with the Five Brain Vesicles

Ontogenetically, the ventricular venous system may develop in order to drain the gray matter (cells of the mantle layer of the neural tube) which migrates dorsally. On primitive brain vesicles of submammals especially fish, amphibian and reptile, the ventricular venous system is the major venous collector located on the mid-dorsal surface, in between the meningeal layers comparable to the subarachnoid space in mammals. The ventricular venous system functions as a major drainage system for the brain vesicles in these submammals but its role decreases when the other two venous systems develop

Polymer electrolytes based on new aryl-containing lithium perfluorosulfonates

International audienceThe electrochemical performances of a broad family of new perfluorosulfonate lithium salts bearing an aryl substituent have been investigated. They exhibit, in polymer electrolytes based on POE, high cationic transference numbers, and fairly good cationic conductivities. The electrochemical stability window of some of them is compatible with their use in lithium batteries having lithium metal as negative electrode. The versatility of the syntheses will allow modulating their physico-chemical properties.The paper gathers new results obtained from a series of aryl-containing lithium perfluorosulfonates dissolved in a macromolecular solvent i.e. poly(oxyethylene). The anion syntheses starting from an aryl sulphide or an aryl ketone, a variety of new salts can be designed by changing the nature of the aryl moiety

White matter abnormalities in mild traumatic brain injury: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

International audienceBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Traumatic axonal injury is a primary brain abnormality in head trauma and is characterized by reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Our hypothesis was that patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) have widespread brain white matter regions of reduced FA involving a variety of fiber bundles and show fiber disruption on fiber tracking in a minority of these regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained. Twenty-one patients with mild TBI were investigated (men:women, 12:9; mean age +/- SD, 32 +/- 9 years). In a voxel-based comparison with 11 control subjects (men:women, 8:3; mean age, 37 +/- 9 years) using z score analysis, patient regions with abnormally reduced FA were defined in brain white matter. MR imaging, DTI, and fiber tracking characteristics of these regions were described and analyzed using Pearson correlation, linear regression analysis, or the chi(2) test when appropriate. RESULTS: Patients had on average 9.1 regions with reduced FA, with a mean region volume of 525 mm(3), predominantly found in cerebral lobar white matter, cingulum, and corpus callosum. These regions mainly involved supratentorial projection fiber bundles, callosal fibers, and fronto-temporo-occipital association fiber bundles. Internal capsules and infratentorial white matter were relatively infrequently affected. Of all of the involved fiber bundles, 19.3% showed discontinuity on fiber tracking. CONCLUSION: Patients with mild TBI have multiple regions with reduced FA in various white matter locations and involving various fiber bundles. A minority of these fiber bundles show discontinuity on fiber tracking

Syntheses of a wide family of new aryl based perfluorosulfonimide lithium salts. Electrochemical performances of the related polymer electrolytes

International audienceThis paper reports both on a general multistep synthesis of a wide family of aryl substituted perfluorosulfonimides and on a preliminary electrochemical investigation of two lithium salts hosted by a poly(oxyethylene) homopolymer. Both salts have a cationic transference number more than twice that of LiTFSI. Additionally, one of these salts exhibits markedly higher cationic conductivities than POE/LiTFSI electrolytes. These preliminary data are very encouraging as, thanks to the aryl moiety, a wide variety of salts can be considered in order to still improve the performances of polymer electrolytes