Relationship between Oral Anaerobic Bacteria and Otitis Media with Effusion

Objective: In this study hypothesing the translocation of oral bacteria from oropharynx into the middle ear cavity may be involved in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME), we aimed to investigate the presence and similarity of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Treponema denticola in saliva, nasopharyngeal secretion and the middle ear effusion samples from the children with OME

16S rRNA based microarray analysis of ten periodontal bacteria in patients with different forms of periodontitis

DNA microarray analysis is a computer based technology, that a reverse capture, which targets 10 periodontal bacteria (ParoCheck) is available for rapid semi-quantitative determination. The aim of this three-year retrospective study was to display the microarray analysis results for the subgingival biofilm samples taken from patient cases diagnosed with different forms of periodontitis

Do the differences in organic contents of composite resins affect surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion?

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface properties of four composite materials with different organic contents and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) adhesion to the surfaces after 4 h. TCD-based (CT; Charisma Topaz), Bis-GMA-based (ESQ; Estelite Sigma Quick), UDMA-based (GA;G-aenial Anterior), ormocer-based composites (AF;Admira Fusion) were selected. Polystyrene was used as a control group. Fifteen cylindrical specimens (10 mm diameter x 2 mm depth) were prepared for each group. Surface roughness (SR) was investigated with AFM. Hydrophobicity and surface free energy (SFE) was determined by the sessile drop method. Early adhesion of S. mutans on the materials were evaluated by optical density readouts on a spectrophotometer. Surface morphology and S. mutans bacterial adhesion (SMBA) were examined using SEM. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, post-hoc Dunnett (p 0.05) while a statistically significant difference was obtained between the test groups in terms of surface SMBA (p < 0.05).The highest SMBA was observed in GA while ESQ showed the lowest. There was a significant correlation between SMBA and SR in the AF (r = 0.929; p = 0.001), CT (r = 0.976; p = 0.001) and ESQ(r = 0.731; p = 0.040).There is a correlation between the SR of composite materials with different organic contents and SMBA. It can be stated that the Bis-GMA based composite material has clinically acceptable physical properties due to its low SR and S. mutans adhesion

Bactericidal Effect of 2780 nm Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Combined with 940 nm Diode Laser in Enterococcus faecalis Elimination: A Comparative Study

Objective: This study aims to compare the bactericidal efficacy of different Er,Cr:YSGG disinfection methods, particularly combined application of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode laser

Prevalence of Candida albicans and Streptococcus aureus on maxillary obturators, maxillary defects and in saliva: A cross-sectional study

Objective: This study investigated on the incidence of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus adhesion onto maxillary obturator prostheses with soft lining materials placed by prosthodontists. Material and Methods: Between years 2013 and 2014, patients with maxillary defects due to maxillary tumor surgery and acquired obturator prostheses (n = 21, study group) were clinically evaluated and microbiological outcomes were compared with complete maxillary denture wearers (n = 21, control group). Data were collected on demographic features, histological type of cancer, presence of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, identification of soft lining materials used on obturator prostheses, cleansing methods practiced for obturator and maxillary complete prostheses. The presence of Candida albicans was determined on soft lining materials or polymethylmethacrylate surfaces and in the oral cavity, and Staphylococcus aureus in nasal mucosa and saliva. Data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis, Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests (p < 0.05). Results: The highest amount of Candida albicans was found on surfaces of prostheses, in the saliva and on maxillary defects on the hard palate and on definitive soft lining material with 90%, 90%, and 70%, respectively. The highest amount of Staphylococcus aureus was observed in the saliva and nasal cavity in the definitive soft lining material group (50%). Conclusion: Short renewal period of lining materials may cause less Candida albicans colonisation and denture stomatitis in the oral cavity. Patients who have undergone maxillectomy were more prone to Staphylococcus aureus colonisation

Decontamination of autogenous bone grafts collected during dental implant site preparation: A pilot study

Dental implant site preparation produces bone particles that can be used as autogenous bone graft material for the reconstruction of alveolar bone defects; however, collected bone particles are contaminated with oral microorganisms that may cause augmentation failure due to complications associated with infection. The stringent aspiration protocol, preoperative oral chlorhexidine rinsing, and antibiotic prophylaxis were implemented before collecting bone particles. Nonetheless, collected bone particles were still contaminated with bacteria, and, therefore, decontamination of the collected bone particles with chlorhexidine or clindamycin was considered. The aims of this study were to quantitatively determine the degree of bacterial contamination of collected bone particles and to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of treating collected bone particles with clindamycin or chlorhexidine solutions. Both of the agents effectively decontaminated the collected bone particles. Comparison between these antimicrobials in further studies could be useful in determining which is most effective. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;107:656-660

REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION VERSUS CONVENTIONAL PCR: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM IN SALIVA, NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETION AND MIDDLE EAR EFFUSION SAMPLES

Oral and middle ear infections are biofilm related infections. Fusobacterium nucleatum is considered to be a key species in dental biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to compare conventional and real-time PCR, for the detection of F. nucleatum in saliva, nasopharyngeal secretion and middle ear effusion samples. Sixty samples were collected from 20 patients with otitis media with effusion. Species-specific 165 rRNA primers were used for conventional PCR and species-specific primers and TaqMan probes were used for real-time PCR analysis. Real-time PCR had a better performance than conventional PCR in detecting bacteria in the analyzed samples. The tested real-time PCR assay can identify) and identify) F nucleatum in biofilm samples with a high degree of sensitivity when compared with conventional PCR techniques

Antibacterial Efficacy of Diode and Er:YAG Laser Irradiation in Experimentally Contaminated Primary Molar Root Canals

Objective: In vitro comparison of the antibacterial efficacy of Diode and Er: YAG laser irradiation with that of NaOCl irrigation in contaminated primary molar root canals. Study Design: 96 root canals prepared from 32 extracted primary molar teeth were mechanically enlarged and the teeth were randomly divided into 4 subgroups. The roots were inoculated with an overnight culture of Enterococcus faecalis in tryptic soy broth for 24 hours. The root canals irradiated with diode and Er: YAG laser and irrigated with NaOCl (5.25%) were experimental groups and untreated canals served as positive control group. Bacterial growth was analysed by counting viable E.faecalis on tryptic soy agar plates. Results: The number of bacteria was significantly reduced in experimental groups in comparison with the control group. Diode laser was determined to be more effective in reducing the number of bacteria when compared to Er: YAG laser. NaOCl irrigation was found significantly most effective. Conclusions: Diode laser irradiation and 5.25 % NaOCl application provided a significant antibacterial effect in vitro, in contaminated primary molar root canals

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS: RISK FACTORS FOR ORONASAL TRANSMISSION AND DENTAL ASPECT

Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of surgical wounds and infections associated with indwelling medical devices; it is found particularly on the nasal membranes and skin. Naso-oral transmission of S. aureus is an important risk factor for development of oral and dental infections. Although prophylactic and postoperative antibiotics are given to patients after oral surgery operations, most strains of S. aureus are reported to be resistant to penicillin. After the 1960s, methicillin was replaced by newer penicillin-type antibiotic that were not affected by beta-lactamase, and the resistant S. aureus strains became known as methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)