UniProt-GOA: A central resource for data integration and GO annotation

Abstract. The Gene Ontolog

Error-analysis and comparison to analytical models of numerical waveforms produced by the NRAR Collaboration

The Numerical-Relativity-Analytical-Relativity (NRAR) collaboration is a joint effort between members of the numerical relativity, analytical relativity and gravitational-wave data analysis communities. The goal of the NRAR collaboration is to produce numerical-relativity simulations of compact binaries and use them to develop accurate analytical templates for the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration to use in detecting gravitational-wave signals and extracting astrophysical information from them. We describe the results of the first stage of the NRAR project, which focused on producing an initial set of numerical waveforms from binary black holes with moderate mass ratios and spins, as well as one non-spinning binary configuration which has a mass ratio of 10. All of the numerical waveforms are analysed in a uniform and consistent manner, with numerical errors evaluated using an analysis code created by members of the NRAR collaboration. We compare previously-calibrated, non-precessing analytical waveforms, notably the effective-one-body (EOB) and phenomenological template families, to the newly-produced numerical waveforms. We find that when the binary's total mass is ~100-200 solar masses, current EOB and phenomenological models of spinning, non-precessing binary waveforms have overlaps above 99% (for advanced LIGO) with all of the non-precessing-binary numerical waveforms with mass ratios <= 4, when maximizing over binary parameters. This implies that the loss of event rate due to modelling error is below 3%. Moreover, the non-spinning EOB waveforms previously calibrated to five non-spinning waveforms with mass ratio smaller than 6 have overlaps above 99.7% with the numerical waveform with a mass ratio of 10, without even maximizing on the binary parameters.Comment: 51 pages, 10 figures; published versio

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.

BACKGROUND: A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. METHODS: This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. FINDINGS: Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0-75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4-97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8-80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3-4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. INTERPRETATION: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials. FUNDING: UK Research and Innovation, National Institutes for Health Research (NIHR), Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lemann Foundation, Rede D'Or, Brava and Telles Foundation, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Thames Valley and South Midland's NIHR Clinical Research Network, and AstraZeneca

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Background A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. Methods This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. Findings Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0–75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4–97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8–80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3–4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. Interpretation ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials

Reviews of Books

WANG ZHENPING. Ambassadors from the Islands of Immortals: China-Japan Relations in the Han-Tang Period. Honolulu: Association for Asian Studies and University of Hawaii Press, 2005. Pp. xiii, 387. $53.00 (US). Reviewed by Kent G. Deng PETER WHITFIELD. Cities of the World: A History in Maps. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005. Pp. 208.$39.95 (US). Reviewed by Jeremy Black GIROLAMO ARNALDI. Italy and Its Invaders, trans. Antony Shugaar. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. ix, 229. $19.95 (US). Reviewed by Antonio Santosuosso WILLARD SUNDERLAND. Taming the Wild Field: Colonization and Empire on the Russian Steppe. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004. Pp. xv, 239.$35.00 (US). Reviewed by Virginia Martin DAVID CROUGH. The Birth of Nobility: Constructing Aristocracy in England and France, 900-1300. London and New York: Pearson Longman, 2005. Pp. xiii, 361. £36.99, paper. Reviewed by Pauline Stafford ANGELO FORTE, RICHARD ORAM, and FREDERIK PEDERSEN. Viking Empires. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. xiv, 447. $53.95 (US). Reviewed by Simon Maclean OLAV RISTE. Norway's Foreign Relations: A History, 2nd ed. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 2005. Pp. 306. €50.00. Reviewed by Patrick Salmon DANIEL POWER. The Norman Frontier in the Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xxi, 634.$140.00 (US). Reviewed by Hugh M. Thomas FRANCES STONOR SAUNDERS. The Devil's Broker: Seeking Gold, God, and Glory in 14th Century Italy. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 2005. Pp. xviii, 366. $36.99 (CDN). Reviewed by Montgomery Bohna ISABEL DE MADARIAGA. Ivan the Terrible: First Tsar of Russia. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2005. Pp. xxi, 484.$35.00 (US). Reviewed by Charles J. Halperin JAMES MCDERMOTT. England and the Spanish Armada: The Necessary Quarrel. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2005. Pp. xvi, 411. $40.00 (US). Reviewed by David Potter ALEXANDER MURDOCH. British Emigration, 1603-1914. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Pp. xi, 176.$65.00 (US). Reviewed by Stephen Constantine JENNY HALE PULSIPHER. Subjects Unto the Same King: Indians, English, and the Contest for Authority in Colonial New England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. 361. $57.75 (CDN). Reviewed by Trevor Burnard GWENDOLYN MIDLO HALL. Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas: Restoring the Links. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2005. Pp. xxi, 225.$34.95 (US). Reviewed by Kenneth Morgan STEPHEN CONWAY. War, State, and Society in Mid-Eighteenth-Century Britain and Ireland. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Pp. vi, 346. $165.00 (CDN). Reviewed by J.C.D. Clark MAYA JASANOFF. Edge of Empire: Lives, Culture, and Conquest in the East, 1750- 1850. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005. Pp. ix, 404.$27.95 (US). Reviewed by Dane Kennedy JONATHAN R. DULL. The French Navy and the Seven Years' War. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2005. Pp. xiii, 445. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Ian K. Steele CRAIG L. SYMONDS. Decision at Sea: Five Naval Battles that Shaped American History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. Pp. xvii, 378.$39.95 (CDN). Reviewed by George Baer OLIVER MARSHALL. English, Irish, and Irish-American Pioneer Settlers in Nineteenth- Century Brazil. Oxford: Centre for Brazilian Studies, University of Oxford, 2005. Pp. xii, 323. £20.00, paper. Reviewed by Marshall C. Eakin RANDOLF G. S. COOPER. The Anglo-Maratha Campaigns and the Contest for India: The Struggle for Control of the South Asian Military Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xvii, 437. $85.00 (US). Reviewed by Edward Ingram ROBERT MILL WARD. Private and Public Enterprise in Europe: Energy, Telecommunications, and Transport, 1830-1990. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. xix, 351.$90.00 (US). Reviewed by Nicholas Crafts TAN TAI YONG. The Garrison State: The Military, Government, and Society in Colonial Punjab, 1849-1947. New Delhi and Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2005. Pp. 333. $64.95 (US). Reviewed by Ian Talbot WINFRIED BAUMGART, ed. Englische Akten zur Geschichte des Krimkriegs. Ser. III: Band l: 20. November 1852 bis 10. Dezember 1853. Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 2005. Pp. 750. €148.00. Reviewed by Ann Pottinger Saab ALISON FLEIG FRANK. Oil Empire: Visions of Prosperity in Austrian Galicia. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. xx, 343.$49.95 (US). Reviewed by Lothar Höbelt JOHN M. CARROLL. Edge of Empires: Chinese Elites and British Colonials in Hong Kong. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. xii, 260. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by Catherine R. Schenk PAIGE RAIBMON. Authentic Indians: Episodes of Encounter from the Late-Nineteenth- Century Northwest Coast. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2005. Pp. xv, 307.$22.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Olivia Patricia Dickason ELIZABETH BUETTNER. Empire Families: Britons and Late Imperial India.. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 310. $75.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Nupur Chaudhuri JILL H. CASID. Sowing Empire: Landscape and Colonization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005. Pp. xxiii, 281.$24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by John M. MacKenzie MIKE HUGGINS. The Victorians and Sport. London and New York: Hambledon and London, 2004; dist. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Pp. xi, 318. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Tony Collins DAVID DILKS, with the assistance of Richard Dilks. 'The Great Dominion': Winston Churchill in Canada, 1900-1954. Toronto: Thomas Allen, 2005. Pp. xx, 472.$45.00 (CDN). Reviewed by John L. Gordon, Jr. STEFAN AUGUST LUTGENAU, ed. Paul Esterhdzy, 1901-1989: Ein Leben im Zeitalter der Extreme. Innsbruck: Studien Verlag, 2005. Pp. 196. €19.00. Reviewed by Günter Bischof MICHAEL DOORLEY. Irish-American Diaspora Nationalism: The Friends of Irish Freedom, 1916-1935. Dublin and Portland: Four Courts Press, 2005. Pp. 223. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Andrew J. Wilson JOHN D. MEEHAN, SJ. The Dominion and the Rising Sun: Canada Encounters Japan, 1929-41. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 250.$29.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by John Price ELIZABETH BORGWARDT. A New Deal for the World: America's Vision for Human Rights. Cambridge, MA and London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. 437. 35.00 (US). Reviewed by Warren I. Cohen JUSTUS D. DOKNKCKE and MARK A. STOLER. Debating Franklin D. Roosevelt's Foreign Policies, 1933-1945. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. Pp. vi, 238. 65.00 (US), cloth; $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Wiiliam R. Keylor HENRY ASHBY TURNER, JR. General Motors and the Nazis: The Struggle for Control of Opel, Europe's Biggest Carmaker. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2005. Pp. viii, 200.$38.00 (US). Reviewed by Andrew J. Crozier RICHARD BREITMAN, NORMAN J. W. GODA, TIMOTHY NAFTALI, and ROBERT WOLFE. US Intelligence and the Nazis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. 495. $24.99 (US), paper. Reviewed by Thomas G. Mahnken WENDY LOWER. Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005. Pp. xviii, 307.$49.95 (US). Reviewed by John-Paul Himka DOUGLAS E. DELANEY. The Soldiers' General: Bert Hoffmeister at War. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2005. Pp. xvi, 299. $29.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Tim Cook OTIS HAYS, JR. Alaska's Hidden Wars: Secret Campaigns on the North Pacific Rim. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2004. Pp. xvii, 182.$19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Terrence Cole ARIEH J. KOCHAVI. Confronting Captivity: Britain and the United States and Their POWs in Nazi Germany. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2005; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. x, 382. $69.75 (US). Reviewed by S. P. MacKenzie TSUYOSHI HASEGAWA. Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan. Cambridge, MA and London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. ix, 382.$29.95 (US). Reviewed by Akira Iriye DAVID MONOD. Settling Scores: German Music, Denazification, and the Americans, 1945-1953. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2005; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xiv, 325. $69.75 (CDN). Reviewed by Carol S. Gruber ALLAN R. MILLETT. The War for Korea, 1945-1950: A House Burning. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005. Pp. xviii, 348.$39.95 (US). Reviewed by Steve I. Levine AMY KNIGHT. How the Cold War Began: The Gouzenko Affair and the Hunt for Soviet Spies. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 2005. Pp. ix, 358. $36.99 (CDN). Reviewed by Nector Mackenzie MICHAEL L. KRKNN. Fall-Out Shelters for the Human Spirit: American Art and the Cold War. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2005; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xii, 300.$58.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Anders Stephanson KENNETH P. WERRELL. Sabres over MiG Alley: The F-86 and the Battle for Air Superiority in Korea. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2005. Pp. x, 318. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by James I. Matray BALÁZS SZALONTAI. Kim Il Sung in the Khrushchev Era: Soviet-DPRK Relations and the Roots of North Korean Despotism, 1953-1964. Stanford: Stanford University- Press, 2006. Pp. xxiii, 343.$60.00 (US). Reviewed by Andrei Lankov CHRISTOPHER A. PREBLE. John F. Kennedy and the Missile Gap. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2004. Pp. xi, 244. $32.00 (US). Reviewed by Campbell Craig MOREEN DEE, ed. Documents on Australian Foreign Policy: Australia and the Formation of Malaysia, 1961-1966. Canberra: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2005; dist. Melbourne: Melbourne Publishing Group. Pp. xlvi, 651.$49.95 (AUS), paper. Reviewed by Nicholas Tarling GARETH PORTER. Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam. Berkeley