Numerical Study of TAP Metastable States in 3-body Ising Spin Glasses

The distribution of solutions of the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer equation is studied by extensive numerical experiments for fully connected 3-body interaction Ising spin glass models in a level of annealed calculation. A recent study predicted that when the equilibrium state of the system is characterized by one-step replica symmetry breaking, the distribution is described by a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) supersymmetric solution in the relatively low free energy region, whereas the BRST supersymmetry is broken for higher values of free energy (Crisanti et al., Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 094202). Our experiments qualitatively reproduce the discriminative behavior of macroscopic variables predicted by the theoretical assessment.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Non-relativistic stellar structure in higher-curvature gravity: systematic construction of solutions to the modified Lane-Emden equations

We study the structure of static spherical stars made up of a non-relativistic polytropic fluid in linearized higher-curvature theories of gravity (HCG). We first formulate the modified Lane-Emden (LE) equation for the stellar profile function in a gauge-invariant manner, finding it boils down to a sixth order differential equation in the generic case of HCG, while it reduces to a fourth order equation in two special cases, reflecting the number of additional massive gravitons arising in each theory. Moreover, the existence of massive gravitons renders the nature of the boundary-value problem unlike the standard LE: some of the boundary conditions can no longer be formulated in terms of physical conditions at the stellar center alone, but some demands at the stellar surface necessarily come into play. We present a practical scheme for constructing solutions to such a problem and demonstrate how it works in the cases of the polytropic index n = 0 and 1, where analytical solutions to the modified LE equations exist. As physical outcomes, we clarify how the stellar radius, mass, and Yukawa charges depend on the theory parameters and how these observables are mutually related. Reasonable upper bounds on the Weyl-squared correction are obtained.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figure

Real-Time Measurement of the Viscoelasticity of Green Juvenile Wood of Japanese Cedar at High Temperature

Changes in the viscoelasticity of green juvenile and mature wood during high-temperature drying were measured in real time. For each measurement, a 180-mm-long specimen of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), its supporting system, a magnetic driver, and a deflection sensor were placed in an electric oven and a free-free flexural vibration test was performed. The temperature was fixed at 120°C. The resonance frequency decreased and the loss tangent increased during heating of the juvenile vs mature wood. These tendencies apparently occurred because the initial moisture content of the juvenile wood was higher than mature wood and because the juvenile wood had the larger number of intercellular layers

Change of State Head-Internal Relative Clauses in Japanese

Japanese exhibits another type of head-internal relative clause (HIRC), which has not been discussed carefully in the literature. I call it the "change of state head-internal relative clause (change-HIRC)" for its semantic character. Even though it is a gapless relative clause like an ordinary-HIRC, it is more like a free relative (FR) because of the following properties; (i) the status of no at the right edge of a relative clause (ii) its modifiability by the determiner sono (iii) its distribution in the main clause. The differences between ordinary-HIRCs and change-HIRCs probably depend on whether no has the real syntactic head status or not. Although the distinction between ordinary-HIRCs and change-HIRCs is syntactically represented, the distinction is semantically determined. Change-HIRCs exhibit property change of the internal head in the proposition expressed in the relative clause but ordinary-HIRCs do not exhibit such a property change

Changes in Vibrational Properties of Wetwood of Japanese Fir (Abies Sachalinensis Mast) with Time During Drying

Temporal changes in vibrational properties of wetwood of Japanese fir (Abies sachalinensis Mast.) during a drying process were investigated. Specimens were cut from wetwood defined as heartwood with extremely high moisture content and normal wood whose moisture content was not so high, and matched in the R-direction. Green and water-saturated wood specimens were prepared. The specimens and the vibration testing system were put in an electric drying oven, where a free-free vibration test was conducted at intervals of 5 to 20 minutes. When the green specimens were used, the resonance frequency and loss tangent of both wetwood and normal wood reached the minimum and maximum, respectively, early in the drying. The minimum and maximum of the wetwood were smaller and larger than those of the normal wood. These differences between the wetwood and normal wood were mainly caused by the differences in initial moisture content because such differences, which existed in the green wood, disappeared once a water-saturated condition was reached

EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HIGH HUMIDITY TREATMENT ON BENDING PROPERTIES OF WOOD

Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica D. Don) 110 110 1000-mm green boxed-heart timbers were dried under high temperature (110-140C) and high humidity (0.01-0.24 MPa gauge pressure) conditions until the weight remained unchanged. Then strength properties were examined. Wood became brittle because of the high temperature and high humidity treatment. We hypothesize that the wood was seriously damaged by hydrolysis because of the long treatment time used in this study and that the large cross-sectional area and high set gauge pressure lengthened the time of water loss from the wood. We considered viscosity and plasticity, rather than elasticity, to be the main factors that contributed to the decrease of work for rupture

Costs and performance of irrigation projects: A comparison of Sub-Saharan Africa and other developing regions

Poverty / Mapping