66 research outputs found
The Passing of Print
This paper argues that ephemera is a key instrument of cultural memory, marking the things intended to be forgotten. This important role means that when ephemera survives, whether accidentally or deliberately, it does so despite itself. These survivals, because they evoke all those other objects that have necessarily been forgotten, can be described as uncanny. The paper is divided into three main sections. The first situates ephemera within an uncanny economy of memory and forgetting. The second focuses on ephemera at a particular historical moment, the industrialization of print in the nineteenth century. This section considers the liminal place of newspapers and periodicals in this period, positioned as both provisional media for information as well as objects of record. The third section introduces a new configuration of technologies – scanners, computers, hard disks, monitors, the various connections between them – and considers the conditions under which born-digital ephemera can linger and return. Through this analysis, the paper concludes by considering digital technologies as an apparatus of memory, setting out what is required if we are not to be doubly haunted by the printed ephemera within the digital archive
E1 and M1 strength functions at low energy
We report photon-scattering experiments using bremsstrahlung at the γELBE facility of Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf and using quasi-monoenergetic, polarized γ beams at the HIγS facility of the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory in Durham. To deduce the photoabsorption cross sections at high excitation energy and high level density, unresolved strength in the quasicontinuum of nuclear states has been taken into account. In the analysis of the spectra measured by using bremsstrahlung at γELBE, we perform simulations of statistical γ-ray cascades using the code γDEX to estimate intensities of inelastic transitions to low-lying excited states. Simulated average branching ratios are compared with model-independent branching ratios obtained from spectra measured by using monoenergetic γ beams at HIγS. E1 strength in the energy region of the pygmy dipole resonance is discussed in nuclei around mass 90 and in xenon isotopes. M1 strength in the region of the spin-flip resonance is also considered for xenon isotopes. The dipole strength function of 74Ge deduced from γELBE experiments is compared with the one obtained from experiments at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. The low-energy upbend seen in the Oslo data is interpreted as M1 strength on the basis of shell-model calculations
HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.
The HIV-1 pandemic is a complex mix of diverse epidemics within and between countries and regions of the world,
and is undoubtedly the defining public-health crisis of our time. Research has deepened our understanding of how
the virus replicates, manipulates, and hides in an infected person. Although our understanding of pathogenesis and
transmission dynamics has become more nuanced and prevention options have expanded, a cure or protective vaccine
remains elusive. Antiretroviral treatment has transformed AIDS from an inevitably fatal condition to a chronic,
manageable disease in some settings. This transformation has yet to be realised in those parts of the world that
continue to bear a disproportionate burden of new HIV-1 infections and are most affected by increasing morbidity
and mortality. This Seminar provides an update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention
interventions pertinent to HIV-1
The Puffery and Practicality of Etiquette Books: A New Take on Victorian Information Culture
Traditionally, nineteenth-century etiquette books have been used
by scholars mainly as evidence of conventions of manners and good
behavior, supporting an expanding print culture in a new mass market.
It is argued here that etiquette books should be re-explored
in terms of the emerging information culture of the nineteenth
century and that viewed in this light they can be seen to be disseminating
information of two very particular kinds different from
the traditional maxims of behavior and social decorum associated
with etiquette. The first was the very practical type of information
they espoused—information that served a functional purpose. The
second was the way in which new forms of promotion and puffery
about products and changing social expectations were used within
etiquette books, embracing the broader information discourse of
this period. Together, it is suggested that the Victorians’ fascination
with information was not limited to early forms of information
management or technology but also embraced more sociocultural
forms and that information historiography can offer new insights
into traditionally overlooked source material.published or submitted for publicationOpe
A continuation of Paul Grobstein's Theory of Science as Story Telling and Story Revising. A discussion of its relevance to history.
http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/view/21
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