MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cr-DLC LAYERS PREPARED BY HYBRID LASER TECHNOLOGY

Diamond like carbon (DLC) layers have excellent biological properties for use in medicine for coating implants, but poor adhesion to biomedical alloys. The adhesion can be improved by doping the DLC layer by chromium, as described in this article. Chromium doped diamond like carbon layers (Cr‑DLC) were deposited by hybrid deposition system using KrF excimer laser and magnetron sputtering. Carbon and chromium contents were determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were studied by nanoindentation. Hardness and reduced Young's modulus reached 31.2 GPa and 271.5 GPa, respectively. Films adhesion was determined by scratch test and reached 19 N for titanium substrates. Good adhesion to biomedical alloys and high DLC hardness will help to progress in the field of implantology

Preparedness of Paramedics on the Intervention with a Chemical Substance

V současné době se u nás i ve světě čím dál více setkáváme s únikem chemických látek. Mohou to být náhodné i úmyslné intoxikace v domácnostech, vliv dopravních nehod cisteren převážející chemické látky, chemické havárie v rámci chemického průmyslu, ale i zneužití chemikálií při teroristických útocích. Pracovníci záchranné služby se se všemi těmito událostmi mohou na výjezdech setkat. Cílem této práce je zjistit připravenost výjezdových pracovníků zdravotnické záchranné služby na zásahy s chemickou látkou či směsí. Formou dotazníkové studie se zjišťuje, na jaké úrovni jsou pracovníci záchranné služby připraveni na zásahy s chemickou látkou, do jaké míry znají problematiku a vlastnosti chemických látek a zda mají dostatečné vybavení k těmto zásahům. Na základě zjištěných skutečností jsou navrhnuta opatření k navýšení cvičení a odborných seminářů.The leakage of chemical substances is currently happening more frequently. It might be accidental or intentional intoxications in households, the impact of transport accidents of tankers transporting chemicals, chemical accidents within the chemical industry, and the misuse of chemicals in terrorist attacks. Rescue service personnel can meet with these events on their operation. The aim of this thesis is to find out the preparedness of paramedics on the intervention with chemical substances and mixtures. The questionnaire study is used to find out the level of preparedness of the paramedics on the intervention with a chemical substance, what is the extent of their knowledge on the issues and properties of chemicals, and whether they have sufficient equipment for these interventions. Based on the findings, measures are proposed to increase the trainings and specialized seminars

Analysis of Preparedness of Emergency Medical Services and Technical Rescue of Excessive Patients in Urban Agglomerations and in Natural Environment

V současné době se stále více složky integrovaného záchranného systému setkávají se zvyšujícími se případy obézních pacientů, ale i pacientů, kteří jsou dlouzí. Jednou z příčin je rostoucí obezita obyvatelstva. Během posledních třiceti let se nadváha a obezita stala jedním z hlavních problémů veřejného zdraví ve vyspělých zemích. Nadváha a obezita má četné důsledky pro fyzický, duševní a sociální stav dospělých i dětí. Zdravotnická záchranná služba je tak nucena řešit problematiku, jak pacienta transportovat, neboť ne všechny transportní prostředky jsou pro tyto pacienty vyhovující. Byl proveden sběr biometrických údajů pacientů z vybraných krajů a byla provedena analýza získaných dat. Byla zjištěna dostupnost sanitních vozidel pro bariatrické pacienty v České republice a bylo zaznamenáno, jakými transportními prostředky disponují sanitní vozidla RZP. Shrnuty jsou také transportní prostředky, které využívá Hasičský záchranný sbor ČR při výpomoci transportu pacientů zdravotnické záchranné službě. Jsou uvedeny údaje o počtech výjezdů na vyžádanou asistenci k transportu pacientů Hasičského záchranného sboru ČR se zdravotnickou záchrannou službou. Cílem této práce je navrhnout řešení vedoucí ke zlepšení komfortu pracovního, časového i etického pro zaměstnance i pacienty. Toho lze dosáhnout zejména pořízením dostatečně širokých a dlouhých transportních prostředků s automatikou a vybavením pro obézní pacienty do všech vozů RZP. U vozů, které jsou nové a nedisponují automatickými a dostatečně širokými nosítky, by bylo vhodné integrovat úchytné prvky do podlahy vozu. Pro lepší fyzickou kondici a prevenci úrazu personálu je navrhnuta pravidelná fyzická průprava.Nowadays, components of the integrated rescue system more frequently encounter increasing cases of obese patients, as well as too tall patients. One of the reasons is growing obesity of the population. Over the last thirty years, overweight and obesity have become one of the major public health problems in developed countries. Overweight and obesity have numerous consequences for the physical, mental and social condition of adults and children. The Emergency Medical Service is thus forced to address the issue of how to transport the patient, as not all transport instruments are suitable for these patients. The collection of biometric data of patients from selected regions was performed and the analysis of the obtained data was performed. The availability of ambulances for bariatric patients in the Czech Republic was ascertained and it was recorded what transport instruments Emergency Medical Services have at their disposal. The transport instruments used by the Fire and Rescue Service to assist in the transport of patients to the Emergency Medical Service are also summarized. The number of requested assistances of the Fire and Rescue Service with the Emergency Medical Service for the patient's transport is stated. The aim of this thesis is to design a solution to improve work, time, and ethics comfort for the employees as well as for the patients. This can be achieved by acquiring sufficiently wide and long automatic stretchers and by supplying all Emergency Medical Service vehicles with equipment for obese patients in. For new ambulances that are not equipped with automatic and sufficiently wide stretchers, it would be suitable to integrate fastening elements into the vehicle floor. For the improvement of physical condition and as a prevention of injury of the staff, regular physical exercises are proposed

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cr-DLC LAYERS PREPARED BY HYBRID LASER TECHNOLOGY

Diamond like carbon (DLC) layers have excellent biological properties for use in medicine for coating implants, but poor adhesion to biomedical alloys. The adhesion can be improved by doping the DLC layer by chromium, as described in this article. Chromium doped diamond like carbon layers (Cr‑DLC) were deposited by hybrid deposition system using KrF excimer laser and magnetron sputtering. Carbon and chromium contents were determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were studied by nanoindentation. Hardness and reduced Young's modulus reached 31.2 GPa and 271.5 GPa, respectively. Films adhesion was determined by scratch test and reached 19 N for titanium substrates. Good adhesion to biomedical alloys and high DLC hardness will help to progress in the field of implantology

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cr-DLC LAYERS PREPARED BY HYBRID LASER TECHNOLOGY

Diamond like carbon (DLC) layers have excellent biological properties for use in medicine for coating implants, but poor adhesion to biomedical alloys. The adhesion can be improved by doping the DLC layer by chromium, as described in this article. Chromium doped diamond like carbon layers (Cr‑DLC) were deposited by hybrid deposition system using KrF excimer laser and magnetron sputtering. Carbon and chromium contents were determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were studied by nanoindentation. Hardness and reduced Young's modulus reached 31.2 GPa and 271.5 GPa, respectively. Films adhesion was determined by scratch test and reached 19 N for titanium substrates. Good adhesion to biomedical alloys and high DLC hardness will help to progress in the field of implantology

BaTiO3 FILMS DEPOSITED ONTO TiNb AND Ti SUBSTRATES - AMOUNT AND STABILITY OF BARIUM

BaTiO3 films deposited onto TiNb and Ti substrates using hydrothermal synthesis method were studied in the presented work. These films are supposed to improve properties of bone implants due to their ferroelectric behaviour, because ferroelectrics induce improved bone formation. A great question is the chemical stability of the used material. It can be crucial for its biocompatibility and possible in vivo application. We studied chemical composition of prepared samples, especially concentration of Ba and Ti and trends of these concentrations stimulated by a solution saline action. The Ba and Ti concentrations were determined by XPS under ultra - high vacuum condition. The BaTiO3 films were investigated as received after the preparation procedure as well as after a long - time treatment in solution saline. Every sample was introduced to the solution saline at first for 1 and later for 3 weeks. Ti concentration almost does not change during our experiments while a meaningful Ba decrease is observed. Nevertheless, barium release seems to slow down with respect to the time of solution saline action. Stability of barium titanate films in a period of several months and an absolute amount of the released barium will be a subject of the next research

BaTiO3 FILMS DEPOSITED ONTO TiNb AND Ti SUBSTRATES - AMOUNT AND STABILITY OF BARIUM

BaTiO3 films deposited onto TiNb and Ti substrates using hydrothermal synthesis method were studied in the presented work. These films are supposed to improve properties of bone implants due to their ferroelectric behaviour, because ferroelectrics induce improved bone formation. A great question is the chemical stability of the used material. It can be crucial for its biocompatibility and possible in vivo application. We studied chemical composition of prepared samples, especially concentration of Ba and Ti and trends of these concentrations stimulated by a solution saline action. The Ba and Ti concentrations were determined by XPS under ultra - high vacuum condition. The BaTiO3 films were investigated as received after the preparation procedure as well as after a long - time treatment in solution saline. Every sample was introduced to the solution saline at first for 1 and later for 3 weeks. Ti concentration almost does not change during our experiments while a meaningful Ba decrease is observed. Nevertheless, barium release seems to slow down with respect to the time of solution saline action. Stability of barium titanate films in a period of several months and an absolute amount of the released barium will be a subject of the next research

PLD prepared bioactive BaTiO₃ films on TiNb implants

AbstractBaTiO₃ (BTO) layers were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on TiNb, Pt/TiNb, Si (100), and fused silica substrates using various deposition conditions. Polycrystalline BTO with sizes of crystallites in the range from 90 nm to 160 nm was obtained at elevated substrate temperatures of (600 °C–700 °C). With increasing deposition temperature above 700 °C the formation of unwanted rutile phase prevented the growth of perovskite ferroelectric BTO. Concurrently, with decreasing substrate temperature below 500 °C, amorphous films were formed. Post-deposition annealing of the amorphous deposits allowed obtaining perovskite BTO. Using a very thin Pt interlayer between the BTO films and TiNb substrate enabled high-temperature growth of preferentially oriented BTO. Raman spectroscopy and electrical characterization indicated polar ferroelectric behaviour of the BTO films.Abstract BaTiO₃ (BTO) layers were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on TiNb, Pt/TiNb, Si (100), and fused silica substrates using various deposition conditions. Polycrystalline BTO with sizes of crystallites in the range from 90 nm to 160 nm was obtained at elevated substrate temperatures of (600 °C–700 °C). With increasing deposition temperature above 700 °C the formation of unwanted rutile phase prevented the growth of perovskite ferroelectric BTO. Concurrently, with decreasing substrate temperature below 500 °C, amorphous films were formed. Post-deposition annealing of the amorphous deposits allowed obtaining perovskite BTO. Using a very thin Pt interlayer between the BTO films and TiNb substrate enabled high-temperature growth of preferentially oriented BTO. Raman spectroscopy and electrical characterization indicated polar ferroelectric behaviour of the BTO films

BaTiO3 FILMS DEPOSITED ONTO TiNb AND Ti SUBSTRATES - AMOUNT AND STABILITY OF BARIUM

BaTiO3 films deposited onto TiNb and Ti substrates using hydrothermal synthesis method were studied in the presented work. These films are supposed to improve properties of bone implants due to their ferroelectric behaviour, because ferroelectrics induce improved bone formation. A great question is the chemical stability of the used material. It can be crucial for its biocompatibility and possible in vivo application. We studied chemical composition of prepared samples, especially concentration of Ba and Ti and trends of these concentrations stimulated by a solution saline action. The Ba and Ti concentrations were determined by XPS under ultra - high vacuum condition. The BaTiO3 films were investigated as received after the preparation procedure as well as after a long - time treatment in solution saline. Every sample was introduced to the solution saline at first for 1 and later for 3 weeks. Ti concentration almost does not change during our experiments while a meaningful Ba decrease is observed. Nevertheless, barium release seems to slow down with respect to the time of solution saline action. Stability of barium titanate films in a period of several months and an absolute amount of the released barium will be a subject of the next research

BaTiO₃ FILMS DEPOSITED ONTO TiNb AND Ti SUBSTRATES - AMOUNT AND STABILITY OF BARIUM

BaTiO3 films deposited onto TiNb and Ti substrates using hydrothermal synthesis method were studied in the presented work. These films are supposed to improve properties of bone implants due to their ferroelectric behaviour, because ferroelectrics induce improved bone formation. A great question is the chemical stability of the used material. It can be crucial for its biocompatibility and possible in vivo application. We studied chemical composition of prepared samples, especially concentration of Ba and Ti and trends of these concentrations stimulated by a solution saline action. The Ba and Ti concentrations were determined by XPS under ultra - high vacuum condition. The BaTiO3 films were investigated as received after the preparation procedure as well as after a long - time treatment in solution saline. Every sample was introduced to the solution saline at first for 1 and later for 3 weeks. Ti concentration almost does not change during our experiments while a meaningful Ba decrease is observed. Nevertheless, barium release seems to slow down with respect to the time of solution saline action. Stability of barium titanate films in a period of several months and an absolute amount of the released barium will be a subject of the next research