Spectral Studies of Rat Bone Tissue in Modeling Osteoporosis and Effectiveness of Treatment By Hydroxyapatite

Presents the result of experiments on the study of the model of osteoporosis in rats using Raman spectroscopy and the effectiveness of its treatment with hydroxyapatite. Were revealed spectral differences between groups of samples (control group, group with the model of osteoporosis and a group with the model of osteoporosis after treatment with hydroxyapatite). In addition, optical coefficients were introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Keywords: Raman spectroscopy, optical coefficients, osteoporosis, hydroxyapatite, collagen matri

Spectral Analysis of Structural Changes of the Heart Valves at Different Stages of Their Decellularization

Presents the results of applying the method of Raman spectroscopy for the qualitative analysis of the surfaces of the heart valve of sheep before and during their decellularization. Optical analysis showed that the implementation of decellularization valves reduces the content of glycosaminoglycans, proteins and lipids. Found that using specified optical coefficients, it is possible to control the efficiency of the process of decellularization heart valves. Keywords: Raman spectroscopy, heart valve, optical coefficient, decellularization, spectral analysis

Bone marrow fibrosis – the basis of mielofibrosis: pathogenesis, prognostication and antifibrogenic targeted strategies.

Bone marrow fibrosis is a key patological feature and major diagnostic criterion of mielofibrosis. Although bone marrow fibrosis is manifested in a variety of malignant  and non-malignant disease states, the deposition of reticulin and collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow of patients with myelofibrosis is believed to be mediated by the mielofibrosis of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, contributing to an impaired microenvironment toward malignant over normal hematopoiesis. The increased expression of pro­inflammatory cytokines, transforming growth factor-β, impaired megakaryocyte function and aberrant JAK-STAT signaling are the peculiarities of pathogenesis of bone marrow fibrosis. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only therapeutic approach that reliably results in resolution of  bone marrow fibrosis in patients with mielofibrosis. In the work we review the pathogenesis, biological consequences and prognostic results of impact of bone marrow fibrosis. We discuss the rationale of various anti-fibrogenic treatment strategies targeting at clonal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, aberrant signaling pathway, fibrogenic cytokines, and tumor microenvironment

Simulation of non-stationary processes in centrifugal cascades

The model of nonstationary hydraulic and dividing processes in rectangular symmetrical counterstream centrifugal cascades is considered. The calculation technique of centrifugal cascade parameters of transition processes has been developed. The results of numerical computation are presented

Isomeric pair 95m,gNb{^{95\rm m,g}\rm{Nb}} in photonuclear reactions on nat^{\rm nat}Mo at end-point bremsstrahlung energy of 35-95 MeV

The ${^{\rm nat}\rm{Mo}}(\gamma,x\rm np)^{95\rm m,g}$Nb photonuclear reaction was studied using the electron beam from the NSC KIPT linear accelerator LUE-40. Experiment was performed using the activation and off-line $\gamma$-ray spectrometric technique. The experimental isomeric yield ratio $d(E_{\rm{\gamma max}}) = Y_{\rm m}(E_{\rm{\gamma max}}) / Y_{\rm g}(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})$ was determined for the reaction products $^{95\rm m,g}\rm{Nb}$ at the end-point bremsstrahlung energy $E_{\rm{\gamma max}}$ range of 35-95 MeV. The obtained values of $d(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})$ are in satisfactory agreement with the results of other authors and extend the range of previously known data. The theoretical values of the yields $Y_{\rm m,g}(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})$ and the isomeric yield ratio $d(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})$ for the isomeric pair $^{95\rm m,g}\rm{Nb}$ from the ${^{\rm nat}\rm{Mo}}(\gamma,x\rm np)$ reaction were calculated using the partial cross-sections $\sigma(E)$ from the TALYS1.95 code for six different level density models $LD$. The comparison showed a noticeable excess (more than 3.85 times) of the experimental isomeric yield ratio over all theoretical estimates. At the investigated range of $E_{\rm{\gamma max}}$ the theoretical dependence of $d(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})$ on energy was confirmed - the isomeric yield ratio smoothly decreases with increasing energy.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl

Photonuclear reactions cross-sections at energies up to 100 MeV for different experimental setups

In experiments on the electron linac LUE-40 of RDC "Accelerator" NSC KIPT, the flux-averaged cross-sections $\langle{\sigma(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})}\rangle_{\rm{exp}}$ of photonuclear reactions ${^{100}\rm{Mo}}(\gamma,n)^{99}\rm{Mo}$, ${^{27}\rm{Al}}(\gamma,x)^{24}\rm{Na}$, ${^{93}\rm{Nb}}(\gamma,n)^{92m}\rm{Nb}$, ${^{93}\rm{Nb}}(\gamma,3n)^{90}\rm{Nb}$, and ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,n)^{180g}\rm{Ta}$ were measured using the $\gamma$-activation technique. The theoretical flux-average cross-sections $\langle{\sigma(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})}\rangle_{\rm{th}}$ were computed using the partial cross-section $\sigma(E)$ values from the TALYS1.9-1.95 codes and bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux calculated using GEANT4.9.2. Two different experimental setups were used in the experiments: an aluminum electron absorber and a deflecting magnet to clean the bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux from electrons. A comparison of the flux-average cross-sections measured for two experimental setups was performed. The possibility of using the reactions ${^{100}\rm{Mo}}(\gamma,n)^{99}\rm{Mo}$, ${^{27}\rm{Al}}(\gamma,x)^{24}\rm{Na}$, ${^{93}\rm{Nb}}(\gamma,n)^{92m}\rm{Nb}$, ${^{93}\rm{Nb}}(\gamma,3n)^{90}\rm{Nb}$, and ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,n)^{180g}\rm{Ta}$ as monitors of the bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux for the energy range 30-100 MeV was investigated.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Production of 180m{^{180\rm{m}}}Hf in photoproton reaction 181{^{181}}Ta(γ,p)(\gamma,p) at energy EγmaxE_{\rm{\gamma max}} = 35-95 MeV

The production of the $^{180\rm{m}}\rm{Hf}$ nuclei in the photoproton reaction ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,p)$ was studied at end-point bremsstrahlung energies $E_{\rm{\gamma max}}$ = 35-95 MeV. The experiment was performed at the electron linear accelerator LUE-40 NSC KIPT with the use of the $\gamma$ activation and off-line $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy. The experimental values of the bremsstrahlung flux-averaged cross-sections $\langle{\sigma(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})}\rangle_{\rm{m}}$ for the ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,p)^{180\rm{m}}\rm{Hf}$ reaction were determined, and at $E_{\rm{\gamma max}} > 55$ MeV obtained for the first time. The measured values, also as the literature data, are significantly exceed the theoretical flux-averaged cross-sections $\langle{\sigma(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})}\rangle_{\rm{th}}$. The $\langle{\sigma(E_{\rm{\gamma max}})}\rangle_{\rm{th}}$ values were calculated using the cross-section $\sigma(E)$ computed with the TALYS1.95 code for six different level density models. A comparative analysis of the calculated total cross-sections for the reactions ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,p)^{180}\rm{Hf}$ and ${^{181}\rm{Ta}}(\gamma,n)^{180}\rm{Ta}$ was performed. It was shown that the photoproton $(\gamma,p)$ to photoneutron $(\gamma,n)$ strength ratio is consistent with the estimates based on the isospin selection rules and the value from the $(e,e'p)$ experiment.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Magnetic system for cleaning the gamma beam at the LUE-40 electron linac output

The bremsstrahlung of accelerated electrons passing through a converter is used to study multiparticle photo-nuclear reactions. The results of calculations, numerical modeling, design, and testing of a special magnetic cleaning system to obtain a "pure" beam of bremsstrahlung quanta when studying the cross-sections of such reactions at the LUE-40 linac are presented. The system is based on commercially available permanent magnets of rectangular cross-sections. The maximum on-axis field is 0.9 T, which provides sufficient separation of the electron beam and gamma rays at a distance of more than 90 mm from the magnet.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

АЛГОРИТМ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КАТЕГОРІЇ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ НЕБЕЗПЕКИ ПРИБЕРЕЖНИХ ДІЛЯНОК АКВАТОРІЇ ЛИМАННОГО КАНАЛУ

The article proposes multivariate approach to assessing the environmental hazard category of watersides and water area of navigable Dnieper-Bug estuary channel. It`s made in order to solve problems of increasing environmental safety of industrial zones functioning of Mykolaiv region. The formed factors of the category of the estuary water area evaluation are presented. The algorithm and logical framework of formation process of hazard categories on the example of Commercial Sea Port district and map-scheme with visualization results of zoning the estuary channel are also presented here. The suggested approach allows reducing the average estimation error and forming a preliminary plan for distribution of material resources for activities ensuring environmental safety.Запропоновано багатофакторний підхід до оцінки категорії екологічної небезпеки прибережних районів та акваторії суднохідного Дніпро-Бузького лиманного каналу для вирішення задач підвищення екологічної безпеки функціонування промислової зони Миколаївської області. Наведено сформовані фактори оцінки категорії небезпеки акваторії лиману, алгоритм та логіко-структурну схему процесу формування категорій небезпеки на прикладі району морського торгового порту, карту-схему з візуалізацією результатів районування лиманного каналу. Запропонований підхід дає змогу зменшити середню похибку оцінки та сформувати попередній план розподілу матеріальних ресурсів на заходи з забезпечення екологічної безпеки