1,872 research outputs found
Trailer Park Royalty: Southern Child Beauty Pageants, Girlhood and Power
Child beauty pageants are a phenomenon in rural communities throughout Georgia. My belief is that most of those who compete in these pageants are from the lower socio-economic bracket, participating for a multitude of reasons. A bricolage of post-structural feminism, critical ethnography, critical hermeneutics and cultural studies lenses will analyze how the performances of participants and the power exercised by the beauty pageant culture work to formulate girls\u27 identities. Analysis will also include how power operates to perpetuate this subculture and its right to dictate norms for beauty and acceptance and will be situated in the culture of girlhood. Examination of what is depicted in popular culture through videos, documentaries, and television shows will also occur. I suggest that the rural beauty pageant culture does work to create girlhood identity and a way in which the participants view the world and themselves. In fact, I believe that the rural beauty pageant culture does intricate cultural work in terms of gender and class
A Search for Additional Bodies in the GJ 1132 Planetary System from 21 Ground-based Transits and a 100 Hour Spitzer Campaign
We present the results of a search for additional bodies in the GJ 1132
system through two methods: photometric transits and transit timing variations
of the known planet. We collected 21 transit observations of GJ 1132b with the
MEarth-South array since 2015. We obtained 100 near-continuous hours of
observations with the Space Telescope, including two transits of GJ
1132b and spanning 60\% of the orbital phase of the maximum period at which
bodies coplanar with GJ 1132b would pass in front of the star. We exclude
transits of additional Mars-sized bodies, such as a second planet or a moon,
with a confidence of 99.7\%. When we combine the mass estimate of the star
(obtained from its parallax and apparent band magnitude) with the stellar
density inferred from our high-cadence light curve (assuming zero
eccentricity), we measure the stellar radius of GJ 1132 to be
, and we refine the radius measurement of
GJ 1132b to . Combined with HARPS RV measurements, we
determine the density of GJ 1132b to be \ g cm, with the
mass determination dominating this uncertainty. We refine the ephemeris of the
system and find no evidence for transit timing variations, which would be
expected if there was a second planet near an orbital resonance with GJ 1132b.Comment: 29 pages, 4 Tables, 8 Figures, Submitted to ApJ. Comments welcom
Processes of Sexual Orientation Questioning Among Heterosexual Women
Because very little is known about heterosexual identity development, this study assesses and describes sexual orientation questioning processes of heterosexual-identified women, and offers a comparison of these processes with those employed by their sexual-minority counterparts. Participants included 333 female college students (ages 18-23; M = 19.2). Two-hundred and twenty-eight participants primarily identified as âexclusively straight/heterosexualâ; 105 participants indicated a sexual-minority identity. Sixty-seven percent of exclusively heterosexual respondents (n = 154) indicated having thought about and/or questioned their sexual orientation. The processes by which heterosexual participants described questioning their sexual orientation were coded for the presence of five emergent categories using an inductive thematic coding methodology. These five categories included: unelaborated questioning (19%), other-sex experiences (16%), exposure to sexual minorities (26%), assessment of same-sex attraction (48%), and evaluations of same-sex behavior (26%). Several unifying and differentiating themes emerged between sexual orientation groups. Results from this study suggest that contemporary young womenâs heterosexuality is not necessarily an unexamined identity; indeed, the large majority of young women in this sample were deliberately identifying as heterosexual after contemplating alternative possibilities
Can evolutionary mismatch help generate interest in health promotion messages?
Background: Generating interest in health interventions is an important first step towards engagement with health promotion and effecting behaviour change. This study explored whether framing health information about physical activity and diet from an evolutionary mismatch perspective could help to generate interest in health promotion among overweight and inactive adults. Evolutionary mismatch theory proposes that human cultural evolution has occurred too rapidly for biological evolution to keep up, creating a mismatch between genes and lifestyles that gives rise to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Method: A total of 18 adults completed interviews in which they viewed and discussed a variety of mismatch-framed health information resources. Follow-up questions assessed if and what participants had thought about the information in the week after the interview. Transcripts were thematically analysed. Results: Participants found the evolutionary perspective to be novel and interesting. It also provided a meaningful rationale for behaviour change. However, there was some evidence of negative elaboration, which would need to be managed if implementing this approach. Conclusion: Adopting a mismatch perspective can help to engage audiences with important health information.</p
The rotation and Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood
Rotation is a directly-observable stellar property, and drives magnetic field
generation and activity through a magnetic dynamo. Main sequence stars with
masses below approximately 0.35Msun (mid-to-late M dwarfs) are
fully-convective, and are expected to have a different type of dynamo mechanism
than solar-type stars. Measurements of their rotation rates provide insights
into these mechanisms, but few rotation periods are available for these stars
at field ages. Using photometry from the MEarth transit survey, we measure
rotation periods for 387 nearby, mid-to-late M dwarfs in the Northern
hemisphere, finding periods from 0.1 to 140 days. The typical detected rotator
has stable, sinusoidal photometric modulations at a semi-amplitude of 0.5 to
1%. We find no period-amplitude relation for stars below 0.25Msun and an
anti-correlation between period and amplitude for higher-mass M dwarfs. We
highlight the existence of older, slowly-rotating stars without H{\alpha}
emission that nevertheless have strong photometric variability. The Galactic
kinematics of our sample is consistent with the local population of G and K
dwarfs, and rotators have metallicities characteristic of the Solar
Neighborhood. We use the W space velocities and established age-velocity
relations to estimate that stars with P<10 days are on average <2 Gyrs, and
that those with P>70 days are about 5 Gyrs. The period distribution is mass
dependent: as the mass decreases, the slowest rotators at a given mass have
longer periods, and the fastest rotators have shorter periods. We find a lack
of stars with intermediate rotation periods. [Abridged]Comment: Accepted to ApJ. Machine readable tables and additional figures are
available in the published article or on reques
Effects of a Web-Based, Evolutionary Mismatch-Framed Intervention Targeting Physical Activity and Diet:a Randomised Controlled Trial
The Value of a Core Research Module in the Medical Curriculum
Introduction: Application of research methods to medical research is a key skill that students should acquire during medical school. The value of a mandatory research module for students in terms of their understanding of medical research and the academic outputs that arise from the module are yet to be evaluated, especially compared to research undertaken through different avenues.
Method: Sheffield Medical Students were invited to complete a questionnaire on their thoughts of the research module, any academic outputs that arose from the module and any further research that they had undertaken outside the module. Ordinal regression analysis was used to assess for differences between groupsâ answers to the Likert scales.
Results: 101 students answered the questionnaire. 72.3% of students agreed that the module increased their knowledge of medical research, while fewer students agreed that it increased their interest in research and desire to undertake further research. Undergraduates agreed that the module increased their knowledge more than postgraduates (p = 0.048). There were no differences between the type of research project undertaken and studentsâ opinions of the module. Students gained more academic outputs, i.e. journal submissions and conference presentations, from research undertaken outside of the module.
Discussion: This research found that studentsâ main benefit from the module was increased knowledge of medical research, in agreement with previous studies. Limitations of the study included gaining no information on respondentsâ age and previous research experience, which may have had an impact on their opinion of the research module
A posteriori error estimation and adaptivity for multiple-network poroelasticity
The multiple-network poroelasticity (MPET) equations describe deformation and pressures in an elastic medium permeated by interacting fluid networks. In this paper, we (i) place these equations in the theoretical context of coupled ellipticâparabolic problems, (ii) use this context to derive residual-based a posteriori error estimates and indicators for fully discrete MPET solutions and (iii) evaluate the performance of these error estimators in adaptive algorithms for a set of test cases: ranging from synthetic scenarios to physiologically realistic simulations of brain mechanics.publishedVersio
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