Determining Factors Affecting Independent Auditing in Small, Medium and Big-sized Auditing Companies- Case in Vietnam

Along with the development of the economy, auditing also gradually expands the subjects of their specific interest. Previous traditional objects such as financial statements have not necessarily lost their role and position, but cannot meet all the expectations and concerns of managers and investors about the situation of the enterprise. Understanding the picture of determining the factors affecting audit fees such as finding a composite array helps to evaluate an aspect of prices and reasonable fees of auditing firms to gradually improve the audit system. math in Vietnam. And in the current period, when the audit fees are more inadequate, reflecting the inadequacies of the unfair competition, not ensuring the quality of the audit report, the research and research of it more than ever. should be very important. By using the following main research methods: Document analysis, systematic analysis, comparative comparison, survey survey method and data analysis method, to measure impacts of some factors on auditing fee, we find out the technical projects with a large scale and the legal environment has a strong impact on the strategy and policy of the audit service market more. Last but not least, Evaluating the impact on audit fees also contributes to helping businesses make long-term as well as short-term development strategies that are suitable for their businesses

What affect accounting net revenue of company? – a case in Vietnam commerce sector

In recent years, Vietnam commerce sector have received many impacts from trade war and covid 19 ,we conduct this study in order to figure out what factors affect accounting net revenue of a typical Vietnam company in commerce industry, My Tra Company (MTC). This study mainly use combination of quantitative methods (statistics, calculation formulas) and qualitative methods including synthesis, inductive and explanatory methods. Our study main results show that: for single scatter chart with regression, most of factors have positive correlation with accounting net revenue. Next, Because admin expense has positive correlation with revenue, MTC managers need to control admin expense and increase at acceptable level to boost revenue of the firm. And because sale cost and COGS has positive correlation with net revenue, MTC management need to increase sale and COGS cost rationally to boost revenue. Besides, this study also give out recommendations for enhancing accounting net revenue of the business - My Tra company (MTC) in Vietnam commerce sector.

The Impacts of Internal Audit Practices on the Quality of Internal Control in Vietnamese Smes

Purpose: This study examines the impacts of internal audit practices on internal control in Vietnamese SMEs.   Theoretical framework: This paper employs the three lines of defense model framework to study the impact of internal audit practices on internal control in Vietnamese SMEs. Internal auditing practices were measured by the items listed in the attribute standards and performance standards of the International Professional Practices Framework (IPPF). Internal control quality includes control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring which are provided by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) Framework.   Design/methodology/approach: We collect primary data using questionnaire. Data collected from the questionnaire is divided into two groups (1) the measurement of the internal auditing practices and (2) the measurement of the quality of internal control system. We then use the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test for the hypotheses related to the relationship between internal audit practices and internal control.   Findings: Our results suggest that both attribute standards and performance standards have positive impacts on the control environment, risk assessment, control activities, and monitoring aspects of internal control. Meanwhile, internal audit seems to not influence the information and communication.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The study contributes to the literature by shedding light on the impacts of internal audit practices on the quality of internal control in Vietnamese SMEs.   Originality/value: This study examines the unique context of Vietnamese SMEs. Ultimately, the framework aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how internal audit practices impact internal control quality in this specific context

Factors Affecting Responsibility Accounting: Evidence from Vietnamese Manufacturing Enterprises

Purpose: This study aims to examine (i) the number of product lines and steps in the manufacturing process affect the responsibility cost center in a responsibility accounting system (ii) the level of technology application, the qualification of managers at all levels affect the budgetary control system integrated to the responsibility accounting system in Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises.   Theoretical framework: The research identifies and examined the impacts of the number of product lines, the number of steps in the manufacturing process on the number of responsibility cost centers, and the impacts of the level of technology application, the qualification of managers at all levels on the budgetary control system to contribute the responsibility accounting system theory.   Design/methodology/approach:  A quantitative approach was applied with a sample of 108 Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises that is listed on the Vietnamese financial securities markets in 2020. OLS regression is applied to give a further analysis.   Findings: The regression findings support the significant positive impacts of the number of product lines and the number of steps in the manufacturing process on the number of cost centers as well as the significant positive correlation between the level of technology application and the effective budgetary control system, however, the effect of the qualification of managers at all levels is insignificant.   Research, Practical & Social implications: This study provides factors impacting the number of cost centers and the budgetary control system. The results of this study support the contingency theory.   Originality/value: These findings can be useful for Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises to take measures to strengthen cost control through the responsibility accounting system, thereby improving business efficiency

APPLICATION OF DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS FOR MEASURING SERVICE QUALITY FROM DISTRIBUTORS’ PERSPECTIVE IN SUPPLY CHAIN

Abstract: Vietnam’s textile and apparel sector has achieved fast and sustainable growth over the past years and played an important role in national socio-economic development. The export value of textile and garment products in recent years has ranked number two in the country’s total export revenue. In this scenario, an attempt was made to examine the service quality at the manufacturer – distributor interface of the textile supply chain and provide clear guidelines for benchmarking of service quality in multi-unit services. A sample of 144 distributors from Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in major regions of South Vietnam was selected. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used to identify the critical factors of service quality. This research applies the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to the computation of a measure of overall service quality and benchmarking when measuring service quality with the Service Performance model. Dealing with the five dimensions of Service Performance (SERVPERF) as outputs, the proposed approach uses DEA as a tool for multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), in particular, the pure output DEA model without inputs. Data envelopment analysis measures the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) and identifies a set of corresponding efficient DMUs that can be used as benchmarks for the improvement of inefficient DMUs. The findings shed valuable insights on measures and critical underlying dimensions of service quality in the context of the supply chain in the textile industry, specifically from the distributor perspective. The results also give the best performer in textile SMEs and set the benchmarking guideline within each group among SEMsKeywords: service quality, data envelopment analysis, SERVPER

Impacts of internal cost and revenue elements on accounting profit via ols regression model - a case in Vietnam

This study is conducted based on a real case study - AGIFISH company (AGF) in An Giang province, Vietnam, which use OLS regression model to measure impacts from internal cost factors (COGS, sale cost, admin expense) on accounting net profit of the firm. Authors mainly use combination of quantitative methods (statistics, calculation formulas) and qualitative methods including synthesis, inductive and explanatory methods, combined with dialectical materialism method.  Our study findings show us that Cost-income ratio has negative relationship with accounting net profit whereas COGS and sale cost have negative correlation with net profit. Besides, this study also give out recommendations for enhancing management accounting policies in the company. For instance AGF management need to control COGS better and reduce COGS/income ratio to increase accounting net profit. Our limitation of research is that we can expand researches to further industries and markets

Potential relationship of internal control, internal audit and risk management in company – the case study of Vingroup in Vietnam

There is interaction and relationship among internal control activities, internal audit and risk management in the firm, we conduct this study to address these functions in a case study of Vingroup in real estate industry in Vietnam , esp. We would like to mention potential relationship between these activities in companies and in this specific case. Authors mainly use experience and advice from experts, together with quantitative methods (statistics, calculation formulas) and qualitative methods including synthesis, inductive and explanatory methods.  Our study results show that. And because CPI, G has negative relation with ROE while Rf has positive relation with ROE, macro policies can help to control inflation and GDP growth not increasing much to be in favor of ROE of Vingroup and toward benefits for managing risk. Finally, through analysis and synthesis, we will give suggestions for better internal control mechanism, internal audit and risk management functions in companies as well as in a specific case of Vingroup

Modified moth swarm algorithm for optimal economic load dispatch problem

In this study, optimal economic load dispatch problem (OELD) is resolved by a novel improved algorithm. The proposed modified moth swarm algorithm (MMSA), is developed by proposing two modifications on the classical moth swarm algorithm (MSA). The first modification applies an effective formula to replace an ineffective formula of the mutation technique. The second modification is to cancel the crossover technique. For proving the efficient improvements of the proposed method, different systems with discontinuous objective functions as well as complicated constraints are used. Experiment results on the investigated cases show that the proposed method can get less cost and achieve stable search ability than MSA. As compared to other previous methods, MMSA can archive equal or better results. From this view, it can give a conclusion that MMSA method can be valued as a useful method for OELD problem

Differentiation Effect of Two Alkaloid Fractions from Vietnamese Lycopodiaceae on Mouse Neural Stem Cells

Various Lycopodium alkaloids have been studied for their various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective activities. Moreover, these alkaloid compounds have high potential in the treatment of neuron degenerative disease. This study has been carried out to test the effect of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis, and Lycopodium clavatum L alkaloid fractions on the mouse neural stem cells (NSCs). Firstly, the alkaloid fractions were used to verify its toxicity on NSCs. The multiple concentrations of alkaloid fractions from H. serrata (0.044; 0.088; 0.175; 0.35; 0.7; 1.4 mg/ml) and L. clavatum (0.031; 0.063; 0.125; 0.25; 0.50; 1.0; 2.0 mg/ml) have been used for the treatment of NSCs at period of 48h incubation. Results of the study suggested that the IC50 value of H. serrata and L. clavatum was 0.56 mg/ml and 0.50 mg/ml, respectively. Then, the NSCs were differentiated in the presence of 5 and 10 µg/ml of alkaloid fraction from H. serrata; 0.625 and 1.25 µg/ml of alkaloid fraction from L. clavatum for 6 days. Here, we observed the primary NSCs treated with alkaloid fraction extract from H. serrata showed the increased gene expression level of early neuron TUBB3 and neuron-specific cytoskeleton MAP2. On the other hand, the L. clavatum alkaloid fraction increased the expression of neural stem cell marker genes (Nestin and PAX6) and decreased neuron marker genes. In conclusion, these results established that alkaloid fraction from H. serrata promoted differentiation of the mouse NSCs to neuron cells, and L. clavatum extract had a capacity for stemness maintenance

Lepton Flavor Violation in Economical 3-3-1 Model with Neutrino Singlets

Lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays of charged leptons $\mu\rightarrow e\gamma$  and SM-like Higgs boson $h\rightarrow \mu\tau$ are discussed in the framework of the  economical 3-3-1 model  adding three additional singlets neutrinos (E331$X_R$). We will show that the appearance of new neutrinos and charged Higgs bosons in this model can result in interesting regions of the parameter space, which satisfy  the recent experimental bound of $Br(\mu\rightarrow e\gamma)$  as well as give large $Br(h\rightarrow \mu\tau)\geq \mathcal{O}(10^{-7})$ . In these regions,  the charged Higgs boson mass lies within the range of $2-3$ TeV. Our results show that the LFV decays are important channels to distinguish the E331$X_R$  and the original economical (E331) models, which predicts suppressed LFV decay rates