24 research outputs found

    Un paese ci vuole: dal villaggio della memoria a una nuova comunitĂ  del futuro

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    Cesare Pavese, Ernesto De Martino, Ignazio Silone, and Corrado Alvaro animate the narrative in this essay, which proposes a reflection on memory and sense of the place in the processes of abandonment. Death and re-birth both characterize the desertion of small towns in marginal areas. Initially, migration did not imply abandonment and it even seemed to have positive impacts on local economies, deep-rooted traditions, and role of inhabitants. Only in a second phase migration corresponds to depopulation and abandonment. The essay focuses on the double face of abandonment and the part of communities: Those who remain are, at the same time, the survived of the original community but also the focal point for future, possible re-population. Un paese ci vuole: dal villaggio della memoria a una nuova comunità del futuroCesare Pavese, Ernesto De Martino, Ignazio Silone e Corrado Alvaro animano la narrazione in questo saggio, che propone una riflessione sulla memoria e sul senso del luogo nei processi di abbandono. Morte e rinascita caratterizzano entrambi la diserzione di piccoli centri in aree marginali. Inizialmente la migrazione non implicava l'abbandono e sembrava addirittura avere un impatto positivo sulle economie locali, sulle tradizioni radicate e sul ruolo degli abitanti. Solo in una seconda fase la migrazione corrisponde allo spopolamento e all'abbandono. Il saggio si concentra sulla doppia faccia dell'abbandono e sulla parte delle comunità: quelli che rimangono sono, allo stesso tempo, i sopravvissuti della comunità originaria ma anche il punto focale per il futuro, il possibile ripopolamento.Cesare Pavese, Ernesto De Martino, Ignazio Silone e Corrado Alvaro animano la narrazione in questo saggio, che propone una riflessione sulla memoria e sul senso del luogo nei processi di abbandono. Morte e rinascita caratterizzano entrambi la diserzione di piccoli centri in aree marginali. Inizialmente la migrazione non implicava l'abbandono e sembrava addirittura avere un impatto positivo sulle economie locali, sulle tradizioni radicate e sul ruolo degli abitanti. Solo in una seconda fase la migrazione corrisponde allo spopolamento e all'abbandono. Il saggio si concentra sulla doppia faccia dell'abbandono e sulla parte delle comunità: quelli che rimangono sono, allo stesso tempo, i sopravvissuti della comunità originaria ma anche il punto focale per il futuro, il possibile ripopolamento. “One Needs a Town”: from the Village of Memory to a New Community for the Future”Cesare Pavese, Ernesto De Martino, Ignazio Silone, and Corrado Alvaro animate the narrative in this essay, which proposes a reflection on memory and sense of the place in the processes of abandonment. Death and re-birth both characterize the desertion of small towns in marginal areas. Initially, migration did not imply abandonment and it even seemed to have positive impacts on local economies, deep-rooted traditions, and role of inhabitants. Only in a second phase migration corresponds to depopulation and abandonment. The essay focuses on the double face of abandonment and the part of communities: Those who remain are, at the same time, the survived of the original community but also the focal point for future, possible re-population

    Global Real-World Evidence of Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir as a Highly Effective Treatment and Elimination Tool in People with Hepatitis C Infection Experiencing Mental Health Disorders

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    HCV elimination; Mental health disorders; Sofosbuvir/velpatasvirEliminaciĂłn del VHC; Trastornos de salud mental; Sofosbuvir/velpatasvirEliminaciĂł del VHC; Trastorns de salut mental; Sofosbuvir/velpatasvirHepatitis C virus (HCV) is prevalent in people with mental health disorders, a priority population to diagnose and cure in order to achieve HCV elimination. This integrated analysis pooled data from 20 cohorts in seven countries to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of the pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral (DAA) sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) in people with mental health disorders. HCV-infected patients diagnosed with mental health disorders who were treated with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks without ribavirin as part of routine clinical practice were included. The primary outcome was sustained virological response (SVR) in the effectiveness population (EP), defined as patients with an available SVR assessment. Secondary outcomes were reasons for not achieving SVR, characteristics of patients with non-virological failures, adherence, and time from HCV RNA diagnosis to SOF/VEL treatment initiation. A total of 1209 patients were included; 142 did not achieve an SVR for non-virological reasons (n = 112; 83 lost to follow-up, 20 early treatment discontinuations) or unknown reasons (n = 30). Of the 1067 patients in the EP, 97.4% achieved SVR. SVR rates in the EP were ≄95% when stratified by type of mental health disorder and other complicating baseline characteristics, including active injection drug use and antipsychotic drug use. Of 461 patients with data available in the EP, only 2% had an adherence level < 90% and 1% had an adherence level < 80%; all achieved SVR. Patients with mental health disorders can be cured of HCV using a well-tolerated, pangenotypic, protease inhibitor-free SOF/VEL regimen. This DAA allows the implementation of a simple treatment algorithm, with minimal monitoring requirements and fewer interactions with central nervous system drugs compared with protease-inhibitor DAA regimens.Article processing charges, statistical support and medical writing assistance were funded by Gilead Sciences Ltd

    Genetic determinants in a critical domain of ns5a correlate with hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients infected with hcv genotype 1b

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    HCV is an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV NS5A domain‐1 interacts with cellular proteins inducing pro‐oncogenic pathways. Thus, we explore genetic variations in NS5A domain‐1 and their association with HCC, by analyzing 188 NS5A sequences from HCV genotype‐1b infected DAA‐naĂŻve cirrhotic patients: 34 with HCC and 154 without HCC. Specific NS5A mutations significantly correlate with HCC: S3T (8.8% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.01), T122M (8.8% vs. 0.0%, p &lt; 0.001), M133I (20.6% vs. 3.9%, p &lt; 0.001), and Q181E (11.8% vs. 0.6%, p &lt; 0.001). By multivariable analysis, the presence of &gt;1 of them independently correlates with HCC (OR (95%CI): 21.8 (5.7–82.3); p &lt; 0.001). Focusing on HCC‐group, the presence of these mutations correlates with higher viremia (median (IQR): 5.7 (5.4–6.2) log IU/mL vs. 5.3 (4.4–5.6) log IU/mL, p = 0.02) and lower ALT (35 (30–71) vs. 83 (48–108) U/L, p = 0.004), suggesting a role in enhancing viral fitness without affecting necroinflammation. Notably, these mutations reside in NS5A regions known to interact with cellular proteins crucial for cell‐cycle regulation (p53, p85‐PIK3, and ÎČ‐ catenin), and introduce additional phosphorylation sites, a phenomenon known to ameliorate NS5A interaction with cellular proteins. Overall, these results provide a focus for further investigations on molecular bases of HCV‐mediated oncogenesis. The role of these NS5A domain‐1 mutations in triggering pro‐oncogenic stimuli that can persist also despite achievement of sustained virological response deserves further investigation

    Phylogeography and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy and Europe with newly characterized Italian genomes between February-June 2020

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    Is HCV elimination among persons living with HIV feasible? Data from the NoCo study in the setting of the ICONA cohort

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    Background and aims: Whether the HCV test-and-treat strategy impacted on the rate of new HCV infections among PLWH in Italy is unknown. Methods: Prospective study of PLWH in the ICONA network. At baseline, PLWH were tested for HCV-Ab; HCV-RNA (if HCV-Ab positive) and, if positive, treated with DAA. SVR12 indicated eradication. Seroconversions and re-infections were evaluated yearly in HCV-Ab neg and HCV-RNA neg at first screening. We estimated the following: HCV seroconversions, incidence of HCV reinfections, and access to DAA and SVR12 rates tighter with factors associated with each outcome. Data were analysed by Cox regression, Poisson regression and logistic regression models. Results: Sixteen thousand seven hundred and forty-three PLWH were included; 27.3% HCV-Ab positive; of these, 39.3% HCV-RNA positive. HCV seroconversion incidence: .48/100 PYFU (95% CI: .36-.65); re-infections incidence: 1.40/100 PYFU (95% CI: .91-2.04). The risk factor for HCV re-infection was young age: aIRR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.17-2.95) per 10 years younger. 86.4% of HCV viremic in follow-up started DAA. PWID vs. heterosexuals (aHR .75, 95% CI .62-.90), HIV-RNA &gt;50 copies/mL (aHR .70, 95% CI .56-.87), HCV genotype other than G1, G2, G3, G4 or with multiple/missing HCV genotype and post-COVID-19 calendar periods were associated with lower DAA access. 922/965 (95.5%) PLWH achieved SVR12. We estimated 72% reduction of chance to achieve SVR12 in PLWH with a CD4 count &lt;200/mm3 (vs. CD4 ≄200/mm3 aOR .18, 95% CI: .07-.46). 95.5% of DAA-treated individuals eradicated HCV, but they represent only 53.2% of HCV viremic PLWH and 66.4% of those in follow-up. HCV-RNA positivity by year decreased from 41.7% in 2017 to 11.7% in 2022. Conclusions: The screening-and-treat campaign implemented in Italy, even if only partially effective, resulted in a dramatic drop in HCV circulation in our cohort

    Figure, usi, e paradossi della nostalgia

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    I termini nostalgia e melanconia si sono affermati come categorie significative di svariate discipline (filosofia, antropologia, storia, psicanalisi ecc.) secondo le quali l'emigrazione puĂČ essere studiata sia come dispersione e perdita di presenza e identitĂ  culturali sia come occasione di rinnovato spirito creativo, come una rinascita, nel luogo di accoglienza, per una nuova comunitĂ , seguendo un particolare percorso utopico. Ciascuna delle succitate categorie presenta comunque una duplice accezione: una conservativa, retroattiva, che porta all'indietro, l’altra “attiva”, propositiva, rigeneratrice, che guarda al futuro senza cancellare il passato. In questo saggio, a seguito di una rapida revisione di tali concetti, attraverso la letteratura antropologica, filosofica, demologica del mondo occidentale, si prende in esame la nostalgia degli emigrati nel nuovo mondo, analizzandone le diverse movenze e ambiguitĂ  nella lenta costruzione di nuove identitĂ , e ricordando l’importanza di saper “ritornare” alle origini con coscienza critica, sempre attenta e mai retorica

    Figure, usi, e paradossi della nostalgia

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    I termini nostalgia e melanconia si sono affermati come categorie significative di svariate discipline (filosofia, antropologia, storia, psicanalisi ecc.) secondo le quali l'emigrazione puĂČ essere studiata sia come dispersione e perdita di presenza e identitĂ  culturali sia come occasione di rinnovato spirito creativo, come una rinascita, nel luogo di accoglienza, per una nuova comunitĂ , seguendo un particolare percorso utopico. Ciascuna delle succitate categorie presenta comunque una duplice accezione: una conservativa, retroattiva, che porta all'indietro, l’altra “attiva”, propositiva, rigeneratrice, che guarda al futuro senza cancellare il passato. In questo saggio, a seguito di una rapida revisione di tali concetti, attraverso la letteratura antropologica, filosofica, demologica del mondo occidentale, si prende in esame la nostalgia degli emigrati nel nuovo mondo, analizzandone le diverse movenze e ambiguitĂ  nella lenta costruzione di nuove identitĂ , e ricordando l’importanza di saper “ritornare” alle origini con coscienza critica, sempre attenta e mai retorica

    La diversitĂ  del Sud tra modernitĂ  e identitĂ  : antropologia e letteratura nel narrare il meridione

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    Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze letterarie, retorica e tecnica dell'interpretazione di culture, XXI ciclo, 2007-2008UniversitĂ  della Calabria, Dipartimento di filologi

    Insediamenti e culture dell'abitare in Calabria: fra conservazione, abbandono e riuso

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    Scuola dottorale internazionale si studi umanistici, Ciclo XVIII, a.a. 2014-2015Dipartimento di studi umanistic
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