Self and Task Perception towards Visual Arts Course Scale: Validity and Reliability Study

This study aims to develop a scale to determine self and task perception of high school students towards visual arts course. In the development process following stages were followed: scanning the literature, examining previously developed scales, creating an item pool, getting expert opinions, doing a pilot study, doing item analysis, test-retest process, and data analysis. 259 high school students from 9th to 12th grades participated in the study and test-retest was conducted on 50 students. Six-factor draft form of the scale was formed by taking Expectancy-Value Theory into consideration. According to the CFA principles the scale has six factors, which are intrinsic value, attainment value/importance, extrinsic value, expectancy belief, task difficulty, required effort. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients of six factors were found as 0,77; 0,82; 0,70; 0,87; 0,70 and 0,67 respectively. According to the test-retest results, it was found out that the stability of the scale was high. The results of item analysis according to means of lower-higher groups showed that each item in the scale was distinctive. For the criterion validity, the correlation between the scores obtained from the subscales and the scores obtained from the “motivation” factor of “Motivating Strategies in Learning Scale” were examined and it was found that the present scale was correlated with the “motivation” factor of “Motivating Strategies in Learning Scale”. It was found that there existed a low, medium, and high correlation among the subscales

Studies on The Adaptation of Quinoa (Chenopodıum quınoa Willd.) to Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), an Andean crop, is native food plant of high nutritional value and its cultivation is increasing rapidly in the World. Background studies should be conducted on the determination of appropriate quinoa varieties for different ecologies for its cultivation to become widespread in a healthy way. This study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Erzurum and Igdir non-irrigation conditions in the Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. The locations have different ecological characteristics from each other. The field experiments were conducted with 9 varieties in each location in a randomized complete blocks experimental design with four replications. The grain yield and some related characteristics were examined in the study. The grain yield and related characteristics of quinoa varied significantly depending on varieties and locations in the study. According to the two-year results, quinoa cultivation is a risky in Erzurum which has a high altitude and short vegetation period. The grain yields ranged between 110-599 kg ha-1 and was found to be quite low. In the Igdır location, 933-1646 kg ha-1 of seed yield was obtained from the varieties. The earliest cultivar is Q-52, it has matured in Erzurum at 102 days, Igdir at 118 days. The latest maturation (138 days) was determined in the Oro de Valle cultivar in Igdir conditions. According to these results, moqu Arrochilla, Q-52, Oro de Valle, French Vanilla and Rainbow cultivars can be recommended for non-irrigated conditions of these locations provided that it is seeded early in the spring. However, Erzurum and similar locations are not suitable for the agriculture of this plant due to short plant growing period

Mineral Content Changes of Some Halophyte Species Evaluated As Alternative Forage Crops For Ruminants’ Nutrition

Mineral contents of herbaceous produced in rangelands with intensive composition of species are usually high and can meet the requirements of ruminants. However, it has been reported that mineral contents of the herbs produced in especially disturbed rangelands due to different reasons such as salinity and drought were less than the levels required by the grazing ruminants. Our aim was to determine whether Salsola dendroides, Salsola nitraria, Seidlitzia florida, Suaeda microphylla, Suaeda altissima, Petrosimonia brachiata, Kalidium caspicum and Alhagi pseudalhagi harvested in late autumn periods are adequate for ruminants’ mineral demands, and to reveal the potential P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contens of the browse grazed. This is the first scientific report on the mineral composition of the present species. For this purpose, a research was planned in a completely randomized block design with three replications in saline rangelands of Turkey’s Igdir Province between the years of 2012-2013. Results showed that there was a significant difference in mineral contents among species, and K. caspicum, S. dendroides and S. nitraria had a higher mineral contents compared to other species. While Ca, B, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn contens of forages were adequate for ruminants’ demands, it was found that K content was low and P, Mg and Na were higher than the recommended values

Performance of Some Forages Species (\u3cem\u3eFestuca arundinacea\u3c/em\u3e L., \u3cem\u3eChloris gayana\u3c/em\u3e var. Katambora, \u3cem\u3eLotus corniculatus\u3c/em\u3e L. and \u3cem\u3eMedicago sativa\u3c/em\u3e L.) in Saline Soil

Salinity is a soil degradation process which reduces plant diversity and agricultural productivity, decreases fertility and devalues the land in regions with arid and semi-arid climate. This process inhibits water and nutrient intake of plants from soil due to changeable nitrogen percentage and/or the intensity of soluble salt concentration. When the fact that agricultural lands are limited around the world and that the need for nutrition increases incrementally is taken into consideration, it is obvious that available lands should be used more effectively. Hence, it is quite crucial to reclaim saline soil and utilize it more economically (Woods 1996)

Determination of Seed Yield and Some Agronomical Characteristics of Different Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Variety and Populations under Dry Conditions of Igdir Plain

Bu çalışma kuru koşullarda yetiştirilen farklı kinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) çeşit ve populasyonlarının (Cherry Vanilla, French Vanilla, Mint Vanilla, Moqu-Arrochilla, Oro de Valle, Populasyon-Çin, Q-52, Rainbow, Read Head, Sandoval Mix ve Titicaca) yetişme süresi, bitki boyu, sap kalınlığı, dal sayısı, salkım oranı, tohum verimi, sap verimi, biyolojik verim, hasat indeksi, bin tane ağırlığı, sapta ve tohumda ham protein içeriklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, 2015 yılında Iğdır Üniversitesi Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Müdürlüğü deneme sahasında şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme desenine göre dört tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, sapta ham protein oranı hariç, genotipler arasında çok önemli farklılıklar saptanmıştır. En yüksek tohum verimi (210.03 kg da-1), hasat indeksi (%38.14), bin tane ağırlığı (2.53 g) ve erkencilik (124.75 gün) Titicaca, biyolojik verim (780.58 kg da-1) Oro de Valle ve tohumda ham protein oranı (%14.64) ise French Vanilla çeşitlerinde kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, incelemeye alının tüm çeşit ve populasyonların kuru koşullarda tohum üretimi için rahatlıkla yetiştirilebileceği, özellikle de Titicaca, Moqu-Arrochilla ve Q-52 çeşitlerinin tohum verimi açısından oldukça ümitvar olduğu anlaşılmıştır.This study was carried out to determine the ripening period, plant height, stem thickness, number of branch per plant, raceme ratio, seed yield, stem yield, biological yield, harvest index, 1000-seed weight, crude protein contents in stem and seed of different quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) variety and populations (Cherry Vanilla, French Vanilla, Mint Vanilla, Moqu-Arrochilla, Oro de Valle, Population-China, Q-52, Rainbow, Read Head, Sandoval Mix and Titicaca) cultivated under the non-irrigated conditions. The research was conducted in a completely randomized block design with four replications in the field of Agricultural Application and Research Center of Igdir University in the 2015. In the result of research, all parameters examined except for crude protein in stem were found important. According to these results, the highest seed yield (210.03 kg da-1), harvest index (38.14%), 1000-seed weight (2.53 g) and earliness (124.75 days) were determined in Titicaca, biological yield in Oro de Valle (780.58 kg da-1) and the crude protein for seed in French Vanilla (14.64%). Consequently, it was revealed that all varieties examined can be cultivated for seed production in dry conditions and, especially Titicaca, Moqu-Arrochilla and Q-52 were determined as hopeful cultivars in terms of seed yield.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK

Simulation of annual plankton productivity cycle in the Black Sea by a one-dimensional physical-biological model

The annual cycle of the plankton dynamics in the central Black Sea is studied by a one-dimensional vertically resolved physical-biological upper ocean model, coupled with the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme. The biological model involves interactions between the inorganic nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium), phytoplankton and herbivorous zooplankton biomasses, and detritus. Given a knowledge of physical forcing, the model simulates main observed seasonal and vertical characteristic features, in particular, formation of the cold intermediate water mass and yearly evolution of the upper layer stratification, the annual cycle of production with the fall and the spring blooms, and the subsurface phytoplankton maximum layer in summer, as well as realistic patterns of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen. The computed seasonal cycles of the chlorophyll and primary production distributions over the euphotic layer compare reasonably well with the data. Initiation of the spring bloom is shown to be critically dependent on the water column stability. It commences as soon as the convective mixing process weakens and before the seasonal stratification of surface waters begins to develop. It is followed by a weaker phytoplankton production at the time of establishment of the seasonal thermocline in April. While summer nutrient concentrations in the mixed layer are low enough to limit production, the layer between the thermocline and the base of the euphotic zone provides sufficient light and nutrient to support subsurface phytoplankton development. The autumn bloom takes place some time between October and December depending on environmental conditions. In the case of weaker grazing pressure to control the growth rate, the autumn bloom shifts to December-January and emerges as the winter bloom or, in some cases, is connected with the spring bloom to form one unified continuous bloom structure during the January-March period. These bloom structures are similar to the year-to-year variabilities present in the data

Simulation of annual plankton productivity cycle in the Black Sea by a one-dimensional physical-biological model

The annual cycle of the plankton dynamics in the central Black Sea is studied by a one-dimensional vertically resolved physical-biological upper ocean model, coupled with the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme. The biological model involves interactions between the inorganic nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium), phytoplankton and herbivorous zooplankton biomasses, and detritus. Given a knowledge of physical forcing, the model simulates main observed seasonal and vertical characteristic features, in particular, formation of the cold intermediate water mass and yearly evolution of the upper layer stratification, the annual cycle of production with the fall and the spring blooms, and the subsurface phytoplankton maximum layer in summer, as well as realistic patterns of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen. The computed seasonal cycles of the chlorophyll and primary production distributions over the euphotic layer compare reasonably well with the data. Initiation of the spring bloom is shown to be critically dependent on the water column stability. It commences as soon as the convective mixing process weakens and before the seasonal stratification of surface waters begins to develop. It is followed by a weaker phytoplankton production at the time of establishment of the seasonal thermocline in April. While summer nutrient concentrations in the mixed layer are low enough to limit production, the layer between the thermocline and the base of the euphotic zone provides sufficient light and nutrient to support subsurface phytoplankton development. The autumn bloom takes place some time between October and December depending on environmental conditions. In the case of weaker grazing pressure to control the growth rate, the autumn bloom shifts to December-January and emerges as the winter bloom or, in some cases, is connected with the spring bloom to form one unified continuous bloom structure during the January-March period. These bloom structures are similar to the year-to-year variabilities present in the data

Germination of Anatolian Black Pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana) Seeds from the Lakes Region of Turkey: Geographic Variation and Effect of Storage

Effects of 10-year storage on germination of seeds in 191 Anatolian Black Pine trees from 23 populations in the Lakes Region of Turkey were investigated. Germination tests were conducted with both fresh (in year 1999) and stored (in year 2009) seeds and variation in germination was related to geographic features of the populations. Significant reductions in germination rate (from 79.93% to 30.68%) and germination percentage (from 95.99% to 58.41%) were observed after 10-year storage. Germination characteristics seem to be associated with humidity of population locations. Seeds from more inland (i.e., continental) populations germinated slower but attained higher germination percentage for both seed sets. Germination percentage of stored seeds is highest at elevations with high humidity. Greater attention should be given to environmental conditions of seed sources in storing Anatolian Black Pine seeds in the Lakes Region of Turkey as it is a very important tool in ensuring continuous seedling production and genetic conservation

Accumulation of Macronutrients in Forage Grasses Under Saline and Alkaline Conditions

This study was designed to determine P, K, Ca, Mg and Na mineral accumulations in Agropyron elongatum, Chloris gayana, Cynodon dactylon and Festuca arundinacea species grown on control (non-saline and non-alkaline), highly saline, highly alkaline and highly saline-alkaline soils, and to check whether the obtained fodders meet mineral requirements of animals. The research established in 2011 under a randomized complete blocks design, and continued for three years. Results revealed that macro nutrient contents (P, K, Ca, Mg and Na) accumulation differed significantly among species (except for K), locations (except for Ca) and years. No significant differences were observed among species in terms of potassium content. The highest phosphorus content was detected in Agropyron elongatum, while the highest Ca content observed in A.elongatum and F.arundiancaea. Moreover, the highest Mg content was observed in F.arundiancaeand the highest Na content in A.elongatumand F.arundiancaea. The lowest P, K+ and Na+ accumulations were detected from highly saline-alkaline soils while Mg2+ content was observed in control, highly saline and highly alkaline soils. As for meeting mineral requirements by animals, Ca2+ content of the obtained fodder was found to be sufficient while K+ accumulations were found to be lower and P and Na+ contents, on the other hand, were found to be higher than the recommended levels. Thus, K+ requirements by the animals should be met by additional feeding and because of rich sodium and phosphorus contents, fodder obtained from these species should be fed with caution

Bir Üniversite Hastanesi Laboratuvarında Çalışılan Örneklerde HBs Ag, Anti-HCV, Anti- HIV Seropozitiflik Oranları

Amaç: Bu çalışma, çeşitli klinik bölümlerinden istem yapılarak laboratuvarımızda çalışılan HBs Ag, anti-HCV, anti- HIV testlerinin retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi ile sağlık çalışanlarının günlük çalışma ortamlarında karşılaştıkları risklere karşı farkındalığını artırmak ve koruyucu önlemlerin önemini vurgulamak amacıyla planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarına, 1 Ocak- 31 Aralık 2013 tarihleri arasında, çeşitli klinik bölümlerden gönderilen serum örneklerinde çalışılan; 16865 HBs Ag, 16098 anti-HCV, 13758 anti- HIV 1+2 test sonucu geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. HBs Ag, anti-HCV, anti- HIV 1+2 tetkikleri Vıtros, Johnson&Johnson, ABD kemilüminesans yöntemi ile firma önerileri doğrultusunda çalışılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Anti-HIV 1+2 test sonucu pozitif olan serum örnekleri, uygulanan algoritma gereğince, Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumuna gönderilmiş ve Western Blot WB yöntemi ile çalışılarak değerlendirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bulgular: Laboratuvarımızda çalışılan kan örneklerinde % 5.9 oranında HBs Ag pozitifliği, % 2.3 oranında anti-HCV pozitifliği, % 0.3 oranında anti-HIV 1+2 pozitifliği tespit edilmiştir. Anti-HIV 1+2 test sonucu pozitif olan ve WB yöntemi ile çalışılarak değerlendirilen serum örneklerinde % 0.01 oranında pozitif sonuç alınmıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmamızda sağlık çalışanlarının HBV, HCV ve HIV gibi enfeksiyöz ajanlarla karşılaşma olasılığının hiç de düşük olmadığı gözlenmiş ve mesleki bulaş riskinin en aza indirilmesi için sağlık personelinin eğitimi, HBV’ye karşı aşılanması, aşılamanın henüz uygulanmadığı durumlarda ve seronegatif olsa bile enfeksiyonun pencere döneminde olma olasılığı da düşünülerek bulaşabilecek tüm enfeksiyon ajanlarına karşı koruyucu önlemlerin alınması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştı