INTERNUCLEAR POTENTIAL AND EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE OF N2ON_{2}O

Author Institution: Laboratories de Physique Mol\'eculaire at Atmosph\'erique, Tour 13. Universit\'e Pierre et Marie Curie et CNRS; Laboratoire de M\'et\'eorologie Dynamique, CNRS, Ecole PolytechniqueThe internuclear potential up to sextic terms and the equilibrium structure of nitrous oxide molecule are reinvestigated using the algebraized contact transformation method previously applied to carbon dioxide. Infrared spectroscopic data for a large number of vibrational levels belonging to six isotopic species of $N_{2}O$ are included in the refinement. The following R.M.S. between calculated and experimental molecular constants are obtained ($cm^{-1}$)$\begin{array}{llc} CONSTANTS &NUMBER& R.M.S\\G_{v}&267&0.047\\B_{v}&319 &2.16 \times 10^{-5}\\D_{v} &333 &5.64\times 10.^{-9}\end{array}$ The equilibrium bond lengths are found to be (A) $r_{MM} = 1.127292(37) r_{MO} = 1.185089(37)$ from which accurate values of equlibrium and ground state rotational constants are calculated for the 12 isotopic species of $N_{2}O.

Stereotypes Against Women Principals in Rural Communities: An Individual or Cultural Issue? A Synthesis into Indigenous Knowledge Systems

Entrenched socio-cultural stereotypes which tend to undermine women’s ability to be leaders and managers cut across the social strata. The experience that informs this article is drawn from an African perspective. Discrimination and prejudice with respect to women’s ability to lead and to manage is universal. Feminist discourse and the bill of human rights are however, beginning to impact positively on these stereotypes. The research was conducted in Limpopo Province. This investigation illuminated the challenges that are faced by women leaders in their schools as well as communities, regardless of the fact that most women are already leading in their households as their partners are based far away from their homes because of work commitments. However there is a general impression that women are not good leaders. Therefore this investigation also probes into the general impressions created about women leadership. A Northern Sotho proverb which most individuals cite in reference to women leadership is: “Tsa etwa ke ya tshadi pele di wela leopeng” which means: “if a leader is a woman, disaster is bound to happen”. Thus a question which one can ask is, does this proverb encourage women discrimination in the cultural settings and work environment?Keywords: Cultural stereotypes, women principals, leaders, rural communities

ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF NITROUS OXIDE IN THE REGION OF ν1\nu_{1} AND 2ν22\nu_{2}

Author Institution: Laboratoire de Spectronomie Mol\'{e}culaire, Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie; Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State UniversityWe report the absorption spectrum of natural and isotopicaly enriched samples of $N_{2}O$ observed from 1080 to $1330 cm^{-1}$ using the Fourier Transform spectrometer at the University of Paris. Measurements were made at temperatures up to $250^{\circ}C$. Of special interest are the $\ell$-doublets. In several bands it was possible to resolve low-J P-branch $\ell$-doublets where the cc components had higher frequencies than the dd components. Resolved $\ell$-doublets could be seen in both the P and R branches in one $\Phi \Phi$ band