La représentation de l’Amérique du Sud dans l’oeuvre de Luis Sepulveda : Des tensions intratextuelles à la réception populaire

Cet article explore la relation entre genre littéraire et géographie imaginaire de l’espace sud-américain à travers deux romans du Chilien Luis Sepulveda : Le neveu d’Amérique (1996) et Un nom de torero (1994). Nous postulons que la représentation du sous-continent véhiculée par ces romans est le résultat de l’interaction entre les règles suggérées par le genre littéraire choisi par l’auteur et le mode du réalisme magique communément associé à la littérature sud-américaine. Nous concluons en ouvrant une porte sur la diffusion de cette représentation dans les discours de la critique populaire sur les deux romans.This article explores the relationship between literary genre and the imaginative geography of South America in two novels by Chilean author Luis Sepulveda: Le neveu d’Amérique (1996) and Un nom de torero (1994) We argue that Sepulveda’s representation of the continent is the outcome of interplay between the rules inherent in the literary genre chosen by the author and the magic realism mode commonly associated with South American literature. We conclude with some considerations as to how the popular media have contributed to the dissemination of this representation of South America in their treatment of Sepulveda’s books

Optimization and thermal stability of TiAlN-Mo multilayers

In this work we focus on the optimization and thermal stability of nanocomposite TiAlN/Mo multilayers that were produced by reactive magnetron sputtering on high-speed steel substrates, with modulation periods below 5 nm. These multilayers were annealed between 600– 900 ºC for 1 h in a vacuum furnace. Preliminary X-ray diffraction results reveal that these coatings are very stable up to 900 ºC, since the multilayer chemical modulation is not severely affected. At intermediate annealing temperatures the modulation period decreases due to interdiffusion at the interface, resulting in a thicker interface between metal/nitride and hence decreasing the thickness of those layers.Portuguese FCT/MCES scientific program

A Two-Stage Filter for High Density Salt and Pepper Denoising

Image restoration is an important and interesting problem in the field of image processing because it improves the quality of input images, which facilitates postprocessing tasks. The salt-and-pepper noise has a simpler structure than other noises, such as Gaussian and Poisson noises, but is a very common type of noise caused by many electronic devices. In this article, we propose a two-stage filter to remove high-density salt-and-pepper noise on images. The range of application of the proposed denoising method goes from low-density to high-density corrupted images. In the experiments, we assessed the image quality after denoising using the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity metric. We also compared our method against other similar state-of-the-art denoising methods to prove its effectiveness for salt and pepper noise removal. From the findings, one can conclude that the proposed method can successfully remove super-high-density noise with noise level above 90%. (c) 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

La médiation humaniste, pour ‘faire société’ dans la prise en charge des différends

This paper is the work of a collective, and contains multidisciplinary reflexions on a humanistic practice of mediation that was pioneered in France in 1984, and refined over 30 years of practical experience and thousands of completed mediations. This kind of mediation focuses its efforts less on the specific area of dispute, and more on the transformation of human and social relationships, thereby justifying the qualifier ‘humanistic’. The exchanges established between the mediants, made possible and facilitated by the mediator, have the core objective of rebuilding a lasting and peaceable relationship.Humanistic mediation is shown to be a tool for personal, ontological transformation – a way of supporting the deep aspirations and values which everyone needs in order to live. In social interaction it enables common ground (‘commons’) to emerge which forms the basis of a new mode of sharing; it introduces a process that is humanizing and mutually nurturing while still respecting differences. Humanistic mediation is rooted in the trans-modern beginnings of our ongoing societal transformation. By reintroducing a sense of existential solidarity which is founded more on sharing than on exchange, it offers itself as an educational tool for peace, using a civilizing pedagogy to create a humanism for our times.The process is laid out in three sequential phases, which take into account the emotions of the mediants. With often spectacular results, the process leads to a pivotal moment that allows the energy of the conflict to be redirected. The role and attitude of the mediator are precisely defined. The relationship between mediation and institutions such as justice and education is discussed. Humanistic mediation takes its place in the evolution of a justice that both repairs and restores.Cet article est la réflexion pluridisciplinaire d’un collectif sur une pratique humaniste de la médiation, introduite de façon pionnière en 1984 et affinée au cours de 30 ans d’expérience et de milliers de médiations réalisées. Ce type de médiation concentre ses efforts moins sur le différend que sur la transformation des rapports humains et sociaux, justifiant ainsi le qualificatif humaniste. Les échanges instaurés entre les médiants, rendus possibles et facilités par le médiateur, ont pour objectif essentiel de reconstruire une relation pacifiée et durable.La médiation humaniste se révèle un outil ontologique de transformation personnelle prenant appui sur les aspirations profondes et les valeurs dont chacun a besoin pour vivre. Socialement, elle permet l’émergence de communs sur lesquels fonder un nouveau mode de partage, introduisant un processus de fécondation mutuelle et d’humanisation réciproque, dans le respect des différences. La médiation humaniste s’inscrit dans les prémices trans-modernes de la transformation sociétale en cours. Réintroduisant le sens d’une solidarité existentielle, fondée plus sur le partage que sur l’échange, elle se présente comme un outil d’éducation à la paix, pédagogique et civilisateur, pour un humanisme de notre temps.Le déroulement en est explicité en trois phases successives prenant en compte les émotions des médiants et aboutissant à un retournement souvent spectaculaire qui permet de réorienter l’énergie du conflit. Le rôle et la posture du médiateur sont précisés.Le rapport aux institutions Justice et Education est discuté. La médiation humaniste s’inscrit dans une démarche de justice réparatrice et restauratrice

Nutritional intake and training load of professional female football players during a mid-season microcycle

Football (soccer) is a high-intensity intermittent sport with large energy demands. In a repeated-measures design, we analysed the nutritional intake and training load of fourteen female football players (22.50 ? 4.38 y; 57.23 ? 8.61 kg; 164 ? 6.00 cm; 18.33 ? 2.48% of fat mass and 23.71 ? 2.51 kg of muscle mass) competing in the highest female Football Portuguese League across a typical mid-season microcycle. The microcycle had one match day (MD), one recovery session (two days after the MD, MD+2), three training sessions (MD-3, MD-2, MD-1) and two rest days (MD+1). Energy intake and CHO (g.kg.BW?1) intake were lower on the days before the competition (MD+2, MD-3, MD-2 and MD-1 vs. MD; p < 0.05; ES: 0.60?1.30). Total distance, distance covered at high-speed running (HSRD) and the high metabolic distance load (HMLD) were lower on MD+2, MD-3 and MD-1 compared with MD (p < 0.05; ES: <0.2?5.70). The internal training load was lower in all training sessions before the competition (MD+2, MD-3, MD-2 and MD-1 vs. MD; p ? 0.01; ES: 1.28?5.47). Despite the small sample size and a single assessment in time, the results suggest that caloric and CHO intake were below the recommendations and were not structured based on the physical requirements for training sessions or match days.D915-7373-ED16 | Cesar LeaoN/

Delivering a sustainable trauma management training programme tailored for low-resource settings in East, Central and Southern African countries using a cascading course model

Background: Injuries cause five million deaths and 279 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYS) each year worldwide. The COSECSA Oxford Orthopaedic Link (COOL) is a multi-country partnership programme that has delivered training in trauma management to nine sub-Saharan countries across a wide-cadre of health-workers using a model of "primary" courses delivered by UK instructors, followed by "cascading" courses led by local faculty. This study examines the impact on knowledge and clinical confidence among health-workers, and compares the performance of "cascading" and "primary" courses delivered in low-resource settings. Methods: Data was collated from 1030 candidates (119 Clinical Officers, 540 Doctors, 260 Nurses and 111 Medical Students) trained over 28 courses (9 "primary" and 19 "cascading" courses) in nine sub-Saharan countries between 2012 and 2013. Knowledge and clinical confidence of candidates were assessed using pre- and post-course MCQs and confidence matrix rating of clinical scenarios. Changes were measured in relation to co-variants of gender, job roles and primary versus cascading courses. Multivariate regression modelling and cost analysis was performed to examine the impact of primary versus cascading courses on candidates' performance. Findings: There was a significant improvement in knowledge (58% to 77%, p < 0.05) and clinical confidence (68% to 90%, p < 0.05) post-course. "Non-doctors" demonstrated a greater improvement in knowledge (22%) and confidence (24%) following the course (p < 0.05). The degree of improvement of MCQ scores differed significantly, with the cascading courses (21%) outperforming primary courses (15%) (p < 0.002). This is further supported by multivariate regression modelling where cascading courses are a strong predictor for improvement in MCQ scores (Coef = 4.83, p < 0.05). Interpretation: Trauma management training of health-workers plays a pivotal role in tackling the ever-growing trauma burden in Africa. Our study suggests cascading PTC courses may be an effective model in delivering trauma training in low-resource settings, however further studies are required to determine its efficacy in improving clinical competence and retention of knowledge and skills in the long term

Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis and pv. corylina: Brothers or distant relatives? : genetic clues, epidemiology, and insights for disease management

Background: The species Xanthomonas arboricola comprises up to nine pathovars, two of which affect nut crops: pv. juglandis, the causal agent of walnut bacterial blight, brown apical necrosis, and the vertical oozing canker of Persian (English) walnut; and pv. corylina, the causal agent of the bacterial blight of hazelnut. Both pathovars share a complex population structure, represented by different clusters and several clades. Here we describe our current understanding of symptomatology, population dynamics, epidemiology, and disease control. Taxonomic status: Bacteria; Phylum Proteobacteria; Class Gammaproteobacteria; Order Lysobacterales (earlier synonym of Xanthomonadales); Family Lysobacteraceae (earlier synonym of Xanthomonadaceae); Genus Xanthomonas; Species X. arboricola; Pathovars: pv. juglandis and pv. corylina. Host range and symptoms: The host range of each pathovar is not limited to a single species, but each infects mainly one plant species: Juglans regia (X. arboricola pv. juglandis) and Corylus avellana (X. arboricola. pv. corylina). Walnut bacterial blight is characterized by lesions on leaves and fruits, and cankers on twigs, branches, and trunks; brown apical necrosis symptoms consist of apical necrosis originating at the stigmatic end of the fruit. A peculiar symptom, the vertical oozing canker developing along the trunk, is elicited by a particular genetic lineage of the bacterium. Symptoms of hazelnut bacterial blight are visible on leaves and fruits as necrotic lesions, and on woody parts as cankers. A remarkable difference is that affected walnuts drop abundantly, whereas hazelnuts with symptoms do not. Distribution: Bacterial blight of walnut has a worldwide distribution, wherever Persian (English) walnut is cultivated; the bacterial blight of hazelnut has a more limited distribution, although disease outbreaks are currently more frequently reported. X. arboricola pv. juglandis is regulated almost nowhere, whereas X. arboricola pv. corylina is regulated in most European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) countries. Epidemiology and control: For both pathogens infected nursery material is the main pathway for their introduction and spread into newly cultivated areas; additionally, infected nursery material is the source of primary inoculum. X. arboricola pv. juglandis is also disseminated through pollen. Disease control is achieved through the phytosanitary certification of nursery material (hazelnut), although approved certification schemes are not currently available. Once the disease is present in walnut/hazelnut groves, copper compounds are widely used, mostly in association with dithiocarbamates; where allowed, antibiotics (preferably kasugamycin) are sprayed. The emergence of strains highly resistant to copper currently represents the major threat for effective management of the bacterial blight of walnut

Safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib in an open-label, multicenter, single-arm phase 3b expanded-access study in patients with myelofibrosis: A snapshot of 1144 patients in the JUMP trial

JUMP is a phase 3b expanded-access trial for patients without access to ruxolitinib outside of a clinical study; it is the largest clinical trial to date in patients with myelofibrosis who have been treated with ruxolitinib. Here, we present safety and efficacy findings from an analysis of 1144 patients with intermediate- or high-risk myelofibrosis, as well as a separate analysis of 163 patients with intermediate-1-risk myelofibrosis – a population of patients not included in the phase 3 COMFORT studies. Consistent with ruxolitinib’s mechanism of action, the most common hematologic adverse events were anemia and thrombocytopenia, but these led to treatment discontinuation in only a few cases. The most common non-hematologic adverse events were primarily grade 1/2 and included diarrhea, pyrexia, fatigue, and asthenia. The rates of infections were low and primarily grade 1/2, and no new or unexpected infections were observed. The majority of patients achieved a ≥50% reduction from baseline in palpable spleen length. Improvements in symptoms were rapid, with approximately half of all patients experiencing clinically significant improvements, as assessed by various quality-of-life questionnaires. The safety and efficacy profile in intermediate-1-risk patients was consistent with that in the overall JUMP population and with that previously reported in intermediate-2- and high-risk patients. Overall, ruxolitinib provided clinically meaningful reductions in spleen length and symptoms in patients with myelofibrosis, including those with intermediate-1-risk disease, with a safety and efficacy profile consistent with that observed in the phase 3 COMFORT studies. This trial was registered as NCT01493414 at ClinicalTrials.gov

Effects of external nutrient sources and extreme weather events on the nutrient budget of a Southern European coastal lagoon

The seasonal and annual nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and carbon (C) budgets of the mesotidal Ria Formosa lagoon, southern Portugal, were estimated to reveal the main inputs and outputs, the seasonal patterns, and how they may influence the ecological functioning of the system. The effects of extreme weather events such as long-lasting strong winds causing upwelling and strong rainfall were assessed. External nutrient inputs were quantified; ocean exchange was assessed in 24-h sampling campaigns, and final calculations were made using a hydrodynamic model of the lagoon. Rain and stream inputs were the main freshwater sources to the lagoon. However, wastewater treatment plant and groundwater discharges dominated nutrient input, together accounting for 98, 96, and 88 % of total C, N, and P input, respectively. Organic matter and nutrients were continuously exported to the ocean. This pattern was reversed following extreme events, such as strong winds in early summer that caused upwelling and after a period of heavy rainfall in late autumn. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that ammonium and organic N and C exchange were positively associated with temperature as opposed to pH and nitrate. These variables reflected mostly the benthic lagoon metabolism, whereas particulate P exchange was correlated to Chl a, indicating that this was more related to phytoplankton dynamics. The increase of stochastic events, as expected in climate change scenarios, may have strong effects on the ecological functioning of coastal lagoons, altering the C and nutrient budgets.Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) [POCI/MAR/58427/2004, PPCDT/MAR/58427/2004]; Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT

SISTEMA de produção de caititus (Tayassu tajacu) em cativeiro: nutrição, reprodução, sanidade e comportamento.

bitstream/item/86468/1/Digitalizar0203.pdfEquipe técnica: Natália Inagaki de Albuquerque, CPATU; Diva Anélie de Araújo Guimarães; Hilma Lúcia Tavares Dias; Yvonnick Le Pencu; Jurupytan Viana da Silva. 1 folder