On the Particular Racism of Native American Mascots

An account of the specific ill of Native American mascots—that is, the particular racism of using Native Americans as mascots, as distinct from other racist portrayals of Native Americans—requires a fuller account of the function of mascots as such than has previously been offered. By analyzing the history of mascots in the United States, this article argues that mascots function as symbols that draw into an artificial unity 1) a variety of teams existing over a period of time and thereby 2) a community of individuals who are thus able to use that team as their own symbolic locus of unification.This unification of teams and their concomitant communities is accomplished by appeal to a symbol that facilitates a particular fantasy of collective identity. The usage of Native American mascots is racist not only because it involves stereotypical portrayals of Native Americans, but (more specifically) because it treats Native persons simply as a means to symbolic unification—and not, importantly, as members of the community they thus serve. In other words, in these cases mascots work as unifying signifiers precisely by being the purely instrumental facilitator of a group's collective fantasy of itself

Designing Program Evaluation Outcomes to Mirror Council for Human Services Education (CSHSE) Standards at the Baccalaureate Degree Level

The article highlights the designing program evaluation and its maintenance with the Council for Human Services Education (CSHSE) standards at the baccalaureate degree level in universities & colleges. Topics include that CSHSE requires all accredited human services educational programs to articulate strategies for improving their programs and its importance in the accreditation process

Next generation experiments and models for shock initiation and detonation of solid explosives

Current phenomenological hydrodynamic reactive flow models, such as Ignition and Growth and Johnson- Tang-Forest, when normalized to embedded gauge and laser velocimetry data, have been very successful in predicting shock initiation and detonation properties of solid explosives in most scenarios. However, since these models use reaction rates based on the compression and pressure of the reacting mixture, they can not easily model situations in which the local temperature, which controls the local reaction rate, changes differently from the local pressure. With the advent of larger, faster, parallel computers, microscopic modeling of the hot spot formation processes and Arrhenius chemical kinetic reaction rates that dominate shock initiation and detonation can now be attempted. Such a modeling effort can not be successful without nanosecond or better time resolved experimental data on these processes. The experimental and modeling approaches required to build the next generation of physically realistic reactive flow models are discussed

Clarifying the Identity of Human Services Through a Content Analysis of Programmatic Accreditation

Throughout the United States, accrediting bodies serve as voluntary self-regulating entities designed to ensure accountability and quality assurance at the institutions that seek accreditation. To examine the impact of accreditation on the field of human services, a mixed-method content analysis was utilized. The 50 human services programs accredited by the Council for Standards on Human Services Education (CSHSE) as of July of 2018 were examined. Researchers also employed a triangulated approach to understand these programs through an analysis of Carnegie Classifications, regional accreditation agencies, and institutions programmatic websites. Results offer insight into how the CSHSE influences the professional identity of human services thorough: (1) variations in the length of time programs have been accredited; (2) regional distinctions between accredited programs; (3) and the titles of programs accredited by the CSHSE

Uses of Fabry-Perot Velocimeters in Studies of High Explosives Detonation

The Fabry Perot has become an important and valuable tool by which explosive performance information can be obtained relatively easily and inexpensively. Principle uses of the Fabry Perot have been free surface, and particle velocity measurements in one dimensional studies of explosive performance. In the cylinder test, it has been very useful to resolve early wall motions. We have refined methods of characterizing new explosives i.e. equation of state, C-J pressure, via the cylinder shot, flat plate, and particle velocity techniques. All of these use Fabry Perot as one of the principle diagnostics. Each of these experimental techniques are discussed briefly and some of the results obtained. Modeling developed to fit Fabry-Perot results are described along with future testing

THREE-DIMENSIONAL IGNITION AND GROWTH REACTIVE FLOW MODELING OF PRISM FAILURE TESTS ON PBX 9502

The Ignition and Growth reactive flow model for shock initiation and detonation of solid explosives based on triaminotirnitrobenzene (TATB) is applied to three-dimensional detonation wave propagation. The most comprehensive set of three-dimensional detonation wave propagation data is that measured using the trapezoidal prism test. In this test, a PBX 9501 (95% HMX, 2.5% Estane, and 2.5% BDNPA/F) line detonator initiates a detonation wave along the trapezoidal face of a PBX 9502 (95% TATB and 5% Kel-F binder) prism. The failure thickness, which has been shown experimentally to be roughly half of the failure diameter of a long cylindrical charge, is measured after 50 mm of detonation wave propagation by impact with an aluminum witness plate. The effects of confinement impedance on the PBX 9502 failure thickness have been measured using air (unconfined), water, PMMA, magnesium, aluminum, lead, and copper placed in contact with the rectangular faces of the prism parallel to the direction of detonation propagation. These prism test results are modeled using the two-dimensional PBX 9502 Ignition and Growth model parameters determined by calculating failure diameter and tested on recent corner turning experiments. Good agreement between experimentally measured and calculated prism failure thicknesses for unconfined and confined PBX 9502 is reported

Energy Audits of Local Government Buildings (Louisiana DNR)

This paper describes innovations instituted in an ongoing energy auditing program for local government buildings in Louisiana. In order to provide as many audits as possible with the funds available, a two-pronged effort was initiated to reduce the cost of conducting audits and generating audit reports while maintaining high quality results: (1) senior mechanical engineering students were employed and trained as auditors and (2) a microcomputer-based software system was developed to automate much of the analysis, economic decision making, and composition required for the audit reports. In addition to providing a valuable educational tool for the students and a streamlined cost effective means of generating audit reports for local governments, this project can potentially improve the energy efficiency by as much as 1,768 MMBTU/yr per building. These numbers are extrapolated from the results of this program performed in 1986 before the development and use of the microcomputer-based software system