Rząd polski wobec Litwy w latach drugiej wojny światowej

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Wywiad PRL na tropie Kazimierza Sabbata

Krzysztof Tarka has for years been researching into unofficial contacts of Polish emigration with the special services of the Polish People’s Republic and the role those services played in initiating political and social incidents in exile. It is especially important to explore successful and unsuccessful attempts of gaining most outstanding emigration politicians for cooperation. One of the persons under surveillance was the Prime minister, then the President of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1986–1989)—Kazimierz Sabbat. The article describes the knowledge the special services had of Sabbat and the attempts to win him for collaboration. It shows the mechanisms of activities and people who were conducting them.Krzysztof Tarka has for years been researching into unofficial contacts of Polish emigration with the special services of the Polish People’s Republic and the role those services played in initiating political and social incidents in exile. It is especially important to explore successful and unsuccessful attempts of gaining most outstanding emigration politicians for cooperation. One of the persons under surveillance was the Prime minister, then the President of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1986–1989)—Kazimierz Sabbat. The article describes the knowledge the special services had of Sabbat and the attempts to win him for collaboration. It shows the mechanisms of activities and people who were conducting them

Satyra na Augusta Zaleskiego czyli o sporze Wojciecha Wasiutyńskiego z „Syreną” paryską

A SATIRE ON AUGUST ZALESKI, I.E. ON THE CONFLICT BETWEEN WOJCIECH WASIUTYŃŚKI AND THE PARISIAN SYRENA In 1949 the Parisian weekly Syrena published an anonymous satire on President August Zaleski. As it later turned out, it was written by Wojciech Wasiutyński, a well-known journalist and activist of the Stronnictwo Narodowe (National Party). Wasiutyński was not informed about the decision to publish his text and was outraged, demanding compensation. The editorial team explained that the anonymous copies of the satire had circulated among Polish immigrants. The issue echoed a far more significant debate concerning the office of the President of Poland in exile

„Niepoprawny recydywista”. Krajowy korespondenta „Narodowca” Adam Czekalski

“AN INCORRIGIBLE RECIDIVIST”. THE NATIONAL CORRESPONDENT OF NARODOWIEC ADAM CZEKALSKIIn 1958 the court in Toruń sentenced Adam Czekalski, the national correspondent of the daily Narodowiec published in Lens in France to 3 years of prison. Czekalski was probably the first person tried after October 1956 for maintaining contacts with an emigration magazine and publishing articles abroad. He was convicted for a similar “crime” some years earlier. Today he is unknown and nearly forgotten, despite being a person of strong character. Ailing, he died in prison, a month after being arrested. He was only 57

Niedoszła wystawa prac Feliksa Topolskiego w Muzeum Narodowym w 1956 roku

THE WOULD-BE EXHIBITION OF FELIKS TOPOLSKI IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM IN 1956In 1956 in the National Museum in Warsaw there was to be and exhibition of the works of Feliks Topolski, a world-famous painter and illustrator living in Great Britain. The People’s Republic of Poland embassy in London contacted Topolski. Yet Topolski came to Poland only in 1961

Sprawa marynarzy z „Puszczyka” z 1954 r. Przyczynek do historii ucieczek z PRL

On 22 September 1954, the fishermen of the “Puszczyk” trawler rose in revolt on the North Sea. Seven Polish fishermen seized the ship which reached the coasts of Great Britain the next day. The rebellious sailors asked for political asylum. Polish authorities demanded submitting the fugitives, who were supposed to stay in the arrest until the case was solved. The case of the sailors from “Puszczyk” encouraged Polish emigration society to take action. The London Polish Daily announced collection of money to help them. The response was impressive. It allowed for engagement of an outstanding British lawyer. This complicated case lasted a few weeks. Finally, at the end of November, the Supreme Court of England rejected an application to extradite the sailors. After more than two month from being arrested, the fugitives from “Puszczyk” retrieved their freedom and were granted asylum in Great Britain

Na celowniku tajnych służb PRL. Sprawa Aleksandra Demideckiego-Demidowicza

TARGETED BY THE SECRET SERVICES OF THE PRL. THE CASE OF ALEKSANDER DEMIDECKI-DEMIDOWICZ Who was Aleksander Demidecki-Demidowicz. Without a doubt he was one of the most prominent politicians in exile in France. He was famous for his ability to win people over and to cooperate with people of different political views. His significance and role is best illustrated by the fact that in 1958 he was unanimously chosen as the leader of the Division of the National Council of Poland. It is no wonder that the intelligence services of the PRL government were interested in him. What were the consequences? Did Demidecki-Demidowicz really collaborate with the PRL authorities, or did he just play along in order to find out the plans of the communist secret service towards Polish emigrants? Was he alone in this peculiar „game?” Did he notify the leadership of his party about the collaboration? Perhaps he was cooperating with the French or American secret service? This article is a renewed attempt to figure out Demidecki-‑Demidowicz—yet this time from the point of view of a researcher and a historian

Polityczne meandry emigracyjnego socjalisty. Kontakty Henryka Polowca z wywiadem PRL w latach 1952–1963

Political meanderings of emigrant socialist. Contacts of Henryk Polowiec with the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) intelligence in years 1952–1963 H. Polowiec connected with socialist movement in the 30s. of the XX century. After World War II he ended up in emigration in Great Britain, where he became one of the leading activists of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). In 1954, because of criticism of the political line of the PPS he was suspended in the rights of party member. In response, he accused the authorities of PPS, that they became the agency of western intelligences, and withdraw from the party. He was also criticizing socialists for political cooperation with National Democrats in emigration. From 1952 to 1963 (with interruptions) he was also secretly contacting with PRL intelligence. For submitted orally information he received remuneration. In issued in London magazine “Tygodnik” and in political brochures he was criticizing leadership of the PPS. Considering himself as conceptual socialist he accused his former party companions of betrayal of socialism and democracy. After October 1956, fascinated by liberalization of the communist regime, he wrote with approval about W. Gomułka. In PRL intelligence estimation, Polowiec fell into persecution mania. As a result, in 1963 the communist secret service ended cooperation with him

„Jesteśmy tu dla Polski”. III Rada Narodowa RP wobec wydarzeń w kraju (1949–1951)

The article presents discussions on the situation in Poland which took place at the forum of the Third National Council. The Council was appointed by the president of Poland in Exile August Zaleski in 1949. It was vicariously performing some of the functions of the Parliament and as such it was an advisory body to the president and to the government. Its term of office lasted for two years (between 1949 and 1951). Polish authorities in exileregarded Poland as an occupied country and that it was ruled by imposed agents. News coming from the country indicated that the communists ruling in Poland were steering it toward its total sovietisation. Politicians in emigration appealed numerous times to their fellow countrymen in the homeland not to undertake armed combat. They feared that an anti-communist uprising would end in disaster. Their goal was free Poland, independent and whole. However, they could not create a programme which would enable achieving this goal

Tazab, Haskoba, Fregata: emigracyjny biznes w Wielkiej Brytanii i wywiad PRL (lata 50. i 60. XX wieku)

TAZAB, HASKOBA, FREGATA: THE BUSINESS OF IMMIGRANTS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE POLISH PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC (PRL) INTELLIGENCE (THE 50’S AND 60’S OF THE 20TH CENTURY)During the first half of the 1960’s Polish immigrants in Great Britain owned approx. 3.5 thousand ventures. The immigration business structure was dominated by small companies, set on Polish customers, employing mainly Poles, the fastest developing branch were shipping companies. The direct contacts between the immigrants and the country contributed to creating Polish travel agencies. The PRL intelligence was trying to recruit the businessmen immigrants to become secret collaborators