Glioblastoma migration along constraints with different geometries: how to mimick brain parenchyma invasion?

International audienceA microfluidic device is demonstrated to analyze glioblastoma migration along constraints with precisely designed geometries. This in-vitro model reveals physiologically relevant glioma invasion scenarios: full migration along constraints, suspended motion by extreme constriction, and limited migration associated with the ejection of plasma membrane particles due to the continuing extension

International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology (ICEEPSY 2010) Quadruple Thinking: Creative Thinking

Abstract In this study, creative thinking from quadruple thinking (critical, creative, caring and hopeful thinking ways) is discussed. It is given the etymology of the term, history of creativity thought, its dimensions and the supporting thinking ways. Besides, the creative thinking is compared with uncreative thinking. At last, the quadruple thinking is shown in the relationships between creative thinking and other thinking ways (critical, caring and hopeful)

Bladder Carcinoma in a 24-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Urothelial bladder carcinoma is a rare condition in young patients. Clinicians have less inclination to perform cystoscopy in this age group because benign causes of hematuria are more common. Thus, diagnostic delays of up to one year may occur. We report a 24-year-old male patient with urothelial bladder cancer. Clinical behavior and prognosis in young individuals are controversial. The definitions of “young patient” are highly variable and different World Health Organization pathological classification systems are used for reporting. Generally, it presents as a low-stage and low-grade disease, nevertheless, it may present with high-grade tumors, even with muscle-invasive cancer

Evaluation of Trace Element Levels and Antioxidant Metabolism in Cattle with Cutaneous Papillomatosis

Background: Cutaneous papillomas are benign proliferative neoplasms. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease are very complex. Papillomatosis lesions can be detected anywhere on the body, frequently appearing on the surface of the head, neck, teats, udder, external genital mucosa and upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is not life threatening but due to loss of productivity, owners often cull animals with papillomatosis. The relationships between trace elements, heavy metals and cancer are still researching. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the relationships between trace elements and antioxidant metabolism, and cutaneous papillomatosis, in cattle.Materials, Methods & Results: Eleven cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis and 10 healthy cattle constituted the study group and control group, respectively. Clinical examinations were performed on all animals. Blood samples were collected and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn, As, B, Ni, Si and Co levels were determined. The analyses were conducted with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer. In addition, catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentrations were measured. The Ni, Si and MDA levels of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05) but the Se levels of the study group were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). The normality of the data was determined with the Shapiro-Wilk Test and the Independent Samples t-Test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparison of the groups.Discussion: Trace elements are essential components of biological systems. The levels of trace elements, such as Cu, Co, I, Se, Zn and Mn, which are affected by grazing activity, influence ruminants’ reproductive performance and other production parameters. The elements Al, As, Cr, Ni and Sn are also presumed to be essential for ruminant metabolism, although sufficient research data are not available. In the present study, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, As, B and Co levels were not significantly different between the papilloma and control groups. Se is an important trace element for skin health. This study revealed a mean serum Se level in animals with papillomatosis that was significantly lower than in the healthy group. Although the mode of anticancer activity of Se is not clear, some factors, such as antioxidant protection, improved immune system surveillance, carcinogen detoxification, modulation of cell proliferation and inhibition of tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis, are important. Ni is classified as a toxic heavy metal. In addition, it could be carcinogenic to humans. Ni level was two times higher in the papillomatosis group than in the healthy animals, in the present study. This result may indicate that Ni has a role in the genesis of papillomatosis in cattle. Si injection can cause inflammation, granulomas and cancer. There are few reports about Si levels in animals and the significant difference in the Si levels in cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis reported in this study may be a new indicator for the disease. The skin contains antioxidant molecules that include GSH, alpha-tocopherol or vitamin E, ascorbic acid or vitamin C, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutases (SODs), CAT and quinine reductase. There is strong interaction between ROS and/or their oxidant products and antioxidant molecules in the skin. In this study, although MDA levels were higher in the study group than in the control group, there was no significant difference between the groups in their CAT levels, and also in the GSH and CP levels. In conclusion, these results may evidence the systemic effects of papillomatosis on trace element levels and on oxidant metabolism in cattle

Goat hair as a bioindicator of environmental contaminants and adrenal activation during vertical transhumance

Autochthonous breeds of livestock are considered a pivotal genetic resource for agriculture, rural development, and food and nutrition security. In the Italian Alps, local livestock breeds are maintained using the traditional alpine farming system based on vertical transhumance, with the use of alpine pastures from late spring to autumn and indoor housing with a hay-based diet for the remaining part of the year. Because of their tight link with the territory of origin, local breeds could be used to biomonitor environmental contaminations. Moreover, animal welfare should also be monitored during transhumance in animals, which are exposed to a sudden farming system change and different types of stressors. For these reasons, this investigation hypothesized that the content of trace elements, heavy metals, and cortisol in the hair of goats changes during vertical transhumance, possibly reflecting different dietary contents and activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study aimed to assess the response of an Italian local goat breed to the change from indoor housing to alpine pasture in summer in terms of hair concentrations of (i) trace elements and heavy metals and (ii) cortisol. The regrown hair of Frisa goats was monthly collected for 2 consecutive years (n = 10 for heavy metals and trace elements and n = 6 for cortisol in 2021, n = 17 for both analyses in 2022), once before vertical transhumance and twice after that event. Hair was then analyzed for trace elements, heavy metals, and cortisol by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA), respectively. Data were analyzed by multilevel models. The results showed an increase in As content during alpine pasture (p < 0.01), probably reflecting the soil and water As contents of the grazing area, while Mg, Zn, and Al (p < 0.01) followed the opposite trend, decreasing in the second month after vertical transhumance. Hair cortisol concentrations increased during 2 months of alpine pasture (p < 0.001), indicating an increase in the activation of the HPA axis, in agreement with previous studies. Future investigations can consider a longer study period and the development of ad hoc animal welfare indicators

Increasing of heat on meat type of sheep using exogen hormon treatments in out of season.

TEZ8333Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2011.Kaynakça (s. 57-63) var.xi, 65 s. : rnk. res., çizelge ; 29 cm.This study has been carried out at Research Farm of Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture in order to determine the most effective synthetic progesterone product to detect the oestrus rates of sheep. For this purpose 80 randomly selected Cukurova Meat Sheep (Chios x Awassi females mated Ile de France and Rambouillet rams later the flock was isolated) were assigned to four groups (20 sheep in each) and synchronized with MAP, CIDR, FGA and Norgestomet with sponge withdraw. 500 I.U. PMSG has been injected intramuscular. The time between PMSG injection and oestrus in CIDR, MAP, Norgestomet and FGA were 33.70 +- 2.40 h, 37.53 +- 2.29 h, 43.65 +- 2.71 h and 42.97 +- 1.96 h, respectively. There was a significant difference between PMSG injection time and first oestrus behavior (P<0,01). Oestrus rates in MAP, CIDR, FGA and Norgestomet were 100 %, 90 %, 80 % and 65 %, respectively. Also there was significant difference between oestrus rates among different treatments (P<0,05). Fertility, litter size and fecundity in FGA 20 %, 175 % , 35 %; in CIDR 35 %, 143 %, 50 %; in MAP 30 %, 133 %, 40 % and in Norgestomet 10 %, 100 %, 10 %, respectively.Bu çalışmada üreme mevsimi dışında Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma Uygulama Çiftliği Koyunculuk İşletmesinde farklı yaşlardaki sürüden yaş grupları dikkate alınarak şansa bağlı olarak seçilen ve her deneme grubunda 20 baş koyun olmak üzere toplam 80 baş Çukurova Et Koyununa dört farklı progesteron kaynağı (MAP, CIDR, FGA, Norgestomet) kullanılarak senkronizasyon uygulaması yapılmıştır. Uygulamaların bitiminde her bir koyuna 500 I.U. PMSG kas içi yolla enjekte edilmiştir. PMSG uygulamasından ilk östrüs belirtilerinin ortaya çıkmasına kadar geçen süre, CIDR uygulanan grupta 33.70 +- 2.40 saat, MAP uygulanan grupta 37.53 +- 2.29 saat, Norgestomet kulak implantı uygulanan grupta 43.65 +- 2.71 saat, FGA uygulanan grupta ise 42.97 +- 1.96 saat olarak tespit edilmiştir. PMSG uygulamasından ilk kızgınlık belirtilerinin ortaya çıkmasına kadar geçen süre bakımından uygulamalar arasında istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0,01) farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Östrüs oranları sırasıyla; MAP % 100, CIDR % 90, FGA % 80, Norgestomet % 65 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Östrüs oranları bakımından muamele grupları arasında istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05). Kuzulama oranı, kuzu verimi ve döl verimi FGA'da % 20.0, % 175, % 35; CIDR'da % 35.0, % 143, % 50; MAP'da % 30.0,% 133,% 40 ve Norgestomet grubunda ise % 10, % 100, % 10 olarak elde edilmiştir.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: ZF2009YL33

The Effect of Different Humic Acid Applications on Cotton Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Fiber Quality Properties

Bu çalışma farklı humik asit uygulama yöntemlerinin pamukta verim, verim bileşenleri, bitki besin maddesi alınımı ve lif kalite özellikleri üzerine olan etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma 2016 yılında Siirt Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümü deneme alanında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüş ve denemede materyal olarak Stoneville 468 pamuk çeşidi ile TKİ Hümas humik asidi kullanılmıştır. Denemede 7 farklı uygulama (Kontrol, Toprağa Humik Asit Uygulaması, Tohuma Uygulama, Çiçeklenme Öncesi Dönemde Yaprağa Uygulama, Çiçeklenme Döneminde Yaprağa Uygulama, Toprağa + Çiçeklenme Öncesi Dönemde Yaprağa Uygulama, Tohuma + Çiçeklenme Döneminde Yaprağa Uygulama) yer almıştır. Humik asit uygulamalarının kütlü pamuk verimi, lif verimi, koza sayısı ve koza kütlü ağırlığı özelliklerine önemli etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çiçeklenme gün sayısı, koza açma gün sayısı, bitki boyu, odun dalı sayısı, meyve dalı sayısı, ilk meyve dalı boğum sayısı, boğum sayısı, boy/nod oranı, koza ağırlığı, 100 tohum ağırlığı, çırçır randımanı, ilk el kütlü oranı, yaprak klorofil içeriği (SPAD değeri) ve yaprakta yeşil kalma süresi (NDVI değeri) ile lif teknolojik özelliklerinin tümü üzerine uygulamaların önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak analizi sonucuna göre, yaprakta potasyum, kalsiyum, sodyum, magnezyum, çinko ve bakır içeriklerinin uygulamalara bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği, azot, demir ve mangan içeriklerinin ise uygulamalardan etkilenmediği belirlenmiştir. Humik asit uygulamaları toprakta azot hariç fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum, sodyum, magnezyum, demir, çinko, mangan ve bakır içerikleri üzerine önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Çiçeklenme öncesi dönemde yaprağa humik asit uygulaması ile kütlü pamuk verimi, lif verimi, koza sayısı, yaprakta azot, kalsiyum ve magnezyum içeriği, toprakta fosfor ve sodyum içeriği değerinin arttığı, toprağa humik asit uygulaması ile yaprakta sodyum ve çinko içeriğinin arttığı, humik asidin yaprağın bakır içeriğinde azalmaya yol açtığı, tohuma uygulama ile toprakta potasyum, demir ve mangan içeriğinin arttığı, çiçeklenme öncesi dönemde yaprağa uygulama ve tohuma uygulamanın toprakta kalsiyum, magnezyum ve bakır içeriğinde artışa yol açtığı belirlenmiştir. Pamukta humik asit uygulamasının bitkinin çiçeklenme öncesi dönemde yeşil aksama yapılmasının daha uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.Siirt Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Projesi (2015 - SİÜFEB - 44