Review of AI‐based methods for chatter detection in machining based on bibliometric analysis

To improve the finish and efficiency of machining processes, researchers set out to develop techniques to detect, suppress, or avoid vibration chatter. This work involves tracing chatter detection techniques, from time–frequency signal processing methods (FFT, HHT, STFT, etc.), decomposition (WPD, EMD, VMD, etc.) to the combination with machine learning or deep learning models. A cartographic analysis was carried out to discover the limits of these different techniques and to propose possible solutions in perspective to detect chattering in the machining processes. The fact that human expert detects chatter using simple spectrograms is confronted with the variety of signal processing methods used in the literature and lead to possible optimal detecting techniques. For this purpose, the bibliometric tool R-Tool was used to facilitate a bibliometric analysis using specific means for quantitative bibliometric research and visualization. Data were collected from the Web of Science (WoS 2022) using particular queries on chatter detection. Most documents collected detect chatter with either transformation or decomposition techniques

Délivrance des antipaludiques sur conseil dans les officines privées du district de Bamako, Mali

Contexte et objectif : Le paludisme est une maladie bien connue de la population malienne, le conseil à l’officine est de plus en plus demander dans sa prise en charge par la population. En vue de mieux cerner la problématique de délivrance des antipaludiques sans ordonnance, nous avons initié la présente étude avec comme objectif d’étudier la pratique de la délivrance des antipaludiques sans ordonnance conformément aux directives du programme national de lutte contre le paludisme au Mali. Population et Méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale descriptive sur la délivrance des antipaludiques sur conseil. Nous avons retenu dans l’étude tous les clients âgés de 15 ans et plus, reçus dans les officines de Bamako pour une demande d’antipaludique sans ordonnance pour lui-même ou pour une autre personne après leur consentement éclairé. Résultats : L’étude a été réalisée dans 199 sur les 230 officines que compte le district de Bamako, nous avons enregistré 466 demandes de conseil. Le sexe ration M/F était de 1,7 et 28,9% des clients auxquels le médicament est destiné ont moins 20 ans, dans 52,4% des cas le client n’est pas le malade. Les combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d’artémisinine ont été les plus conseillés (52%). La Sulfadoxine Pyriméthamine a été l’antipaludique le plus acheté parmi les antipaludiques non CTA. Dans 21% des cas les antipaludiques étaient associés aux antibiotiques Conclusion : L’officine est le premier recours dans le système de santé pour la majorité des clients présentant une suspicion clinique de paludism

Contrôle de qualité des médicaments antipaludiques au Mali

Les molécules antipaludiques rencontrées et prélevées dans les différentes régions du Mali et du district de Bamako, ont été analysées au Laboratoire National de la Santé. Les échantillons analysés provenaient d’Afrique, d’Europe, d’Asie et d’Amérique. L’échantillonnage a concerné 303 échantillons analysés, dont 260 étaient conformes, soit un taux de 85,8% et 43 étaient non conformes, soit 14,2%. Les non conformités décelées provenaient toutes des formes comprimés et injectables et concernaient spécifiquement les molécules de quinine. Les non-conformités décelées étaient de 03 types : l’absence de principe actif indiqué, le surdosage et le sous-dosage. Suivant le circuit de prélèvement dans la chaîne de distribution, les nonconformités ont été décelées en majorité dans les hôpitaux et les Centres de santé (40 échantillons) et secondairement au niveau des dépôts de vente privés (03 échantillons)

Plasmodium falciparum transcription in different clinical presentations of malaria associates with circulation time of infected erythrocytes

Following Plasmodium falciparum infection, individuals can remain asymptomatic, present with mild fever in uncomplicated malaria cases, or show one or more severe malaria symptoms. Several studies have investigated associations between parasite transcription and clinical severity, but no broad conclusions have yet been drawn. Here, we apply a series of bioinformatic approaches based on P. falciparum’s tightly regulated transcriptional pattern during its ~48-hour intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC) to publicly available transcriptomes of parasites obtained from malaria cases of differing clinical severity across multiple studies. Our analysis shows that within each IDC, the circulation time of infected erythrocytes without sequestering to endothelial cells decreases with increasing parasitaemia or disease severity. Accordingly, we find that the size of circulating infected erythrocytes is inversely related to parasite density and disease severity. We propose that enhanced dhesiveness of infected erythrocytes leads to a rapid increase in parasite burden, promoting higher parasitaemia and increased disease severity

Expanding Research Capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa Through Informatics, Bioinformatics, and Data Science Training Programs in Mali

Bioinformatics and data science research have boundless potential across Africa due to its high levels of genetic diversity and disproportionate burden of infectious diseases, including malaria, tuberculosis, HIV and AIDS, Ebola virus disease, and Lassa fever. This work lays out an incremental approach for reaching underserved countries in bioinformatics and data science research through a progression of capacity building, training, and research efforts. Two global health informatics training programs sponsored by the Fogarty International Center (FIC) were carried out at the University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali (USTTB) between 1999 and 2011. Together with capacity building efforts through the West Africa International Centers of Excellence in Malaria Research (ICEMR), this progress laid the groundwork for a bioinformatics and data science training program launched at USTTB as part of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative. Prior to the global health informatics training, its trainees published first or second authorship and third or higher authorship manuscripts at rates of 0.40 and 0.10 per year, respectively. Following the training, these rates increased to 0.70 and 1.23 per year, respectively, which was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001). The bioinformatics and data science training program at USTTB commenced in 2017 focusing on student, faculty, and curriculum tiers of enhancement. The program’s sustainable measures included institutional support for core elements, university tuition and fees, resource sharing and coordination with local research projects and companion training programs, increased student and faculty publication rates, and increased research proposal submissions. Challenges reliance of high-speed bandwidth availability on short-term funding, lack of a discounted software portal for basic software applications, protracted application processes for United States visas, lack of industry job positions, and low publication rates in the areas of bioinformatics and data science. Long-term, incremental processes are necessary for engaging historically underserved countries in bioinformatics and data science research. The multi-tiered enhancement approach laid out here provides a platform for generating bioinformatics and data science technicians, teachers, researchers, and program managers. Increased literature on bioinformatics and data science training approaches and progress is needed to provide a framework for establishing benchmarks on the topics