922 research outputs found
Purification of human albumin by the combination of the method of Cohn with liquid chromatography
The extended-track reconstruction for MiniBooNE
The Booster Neutrino Experiment (MiniBooNE) searches for muon neutrino to
electron neutrino oscillations using the ~1 GeV neutrino beam produced by the
FNAL Booster synchrotron. The array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) lining the
MiniBooNE detector records Cherenkov and scintillation photons from the charged
particles produced in neutrino interactions. We describe a maximum likelihood
fitting algorithm used to reconstruct the basic properties (position,
direction, energy) of these particles from the charges and times measured by
the PMTs. The likelihoods returned from fitting an event to different particle
hypotheses are used to categorize it as a signal electron neutrino event or as
one of the background muon neutrino processes, in particular charged current
quasi-elastic scattering and neutral current production. The
reconstruction and event selection techniques described here can be applied to
current and future neutrino experiments using similar Cherenkov-based
detection.Comment: 39 pages, 25 figures. Version 2 includes minor editorial change
Coupled Dipole Method Determination of the Electromagnetic Force on a Particle over a Flat Dielectric Substrate
We present a theory to compute the force due to light upon a particle on a
dielectric plane by the Coupled Dipole Method (CDM). We show that, with this
procedure, two equivalent ways of analysis are possible, both based on
Maxwell's stress tensor. The interest in using this method is that the nature
and size or shape of the object, can be arbitrary. Even more, the presence of a
substrate can be incorporated. To validate our theory, we present an analytical
expression of the force due to the light acting on a particle either in
presence, or not, of a surface. The plane wave illuminating the sphere can be
either propagating or evanescent. Both two and three dimensional calculations
are studied.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures and 3 table
Review of progress in Fast Ignition
Copyright 2005 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Physics of Plasmas, 12(5), 057305, 2005 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.187124
First Observation of Coherent Production in Neutrino Nucleus Interactions with 2 GeV
The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab has amassed the largest sample to date
of s produced in neutral current (NC) neutrino-nucleus interactions at
low energy. This paper reports a measurement of the momentum distribution of
s produced in mineral oil (CH) and the first observation of coherent
production below 2 GeV. In the forward direction, the yield of events
observed above the expectation for resonant production is attributed primarily
to coherent production off carbon, but may also include a small contribution
from diffractive production on hydrogen. Integrated over the MiniBooNE neutrino
flux, the sum of the NC coherent and diffractive modes is found to be (19.5
1.1 (stat) 2.5 (sys))% of all exclusive NC production at
MiniBooNE. These measurements are of immediate utility because they quantify an
important background to MiniBooNE's search for
oscillations.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett.
Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B->eta' K and Search for B->eta'pi+
We report measurements for two-body charmless B decays with an eta' meson in
the final state. Using 11.1X10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector,
we find BF(B^+ ->eta'K^+)=(79^+12_-11 +-9)x10^-6 and BF(B^0 ->
eta'K^0)=(55^+19_-16 +-8)x10^-6, where the first and second errors are
statistical and systematic, respectively. No signal is observed in the mode B^+
-> eta' pi^+, and we set a 90% confidence level upper limit of BF(B^+->
eta'pi^+) eta'K^+- decays is
investigated and a limit at 90% confidence level of -0.20<Acp<0.32 is obtained.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters
Observation of Cabibbo-suppressed and W-exchange Lambda_c^+ baryon decays
We present measurements of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays Lambda_c^+ -->
Lambda0 K+ and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma0 K+ (both first observations), Lambda_c^+
--> Sigma+ K+ pi- (seen with large statistics for the first time), Lambda_c^+
--> p K+ K- and Lambda_c^+ --> p phi (measured with improved accuracy).
Improved branching ratio measurements for the decays Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+
K- and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ phi, which are attributed to W-exchange diagrams,
are shown. We also present the first evidence for Lambda_c^+ --> Xi(1690)^0 K+
and set an upper limit on the non-resonant decay Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ K-.
This analysis was performed using 32.6 fb^{-1} of data collected by the Belle
detector at the asymmetric e+ e- collider KEKB.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett. B. v2: A small correction to the Authorlist
was made. An earlier version of this analysis was released as
BELLE-CONF-0130, hep-ex/010800
Determination of |Vcb| using the semileptonic decay \bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu}
We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix
element |Vcb| using a 10.2 fb^{-1} data sample recorded at the \Upsilon(4S)
resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e^+e^- storage ring.
By extrapolating the differential decay width of the \bar{B}^0 -->
D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu} decay to the kinematic limit at which the D^{*+} is at rest
with respect to the \bar{B}^0, we extract the product of |Vcb| with the
normalization of the decay form factor F(1), |Vcb |F(1)=
(3.54+/-0.19+/-0.18)x10^{-2}, where the first error is statistical and the
second is systematic. A value of |Vcb| = (3.88+/-0.21+/-0.20+/-0.19)x10^{-2} is
obtained using a theoretical calculation of F(1), where the third error is due
to the theoretical uncertainty in the value of F(1). The branching fraction
B(\bar{B}^0 --> D^{*+}e^-\bar{\nu}) is measured to be
(4.59+/-0.23+/-0.40)x10^{-2}.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, elsart.cls, submitted to PL
A Measurement of the Branching Fraction for the Inclusive B --> X(s) gamma Decays with the Belle Detector
We have measured the branching fraction of the inclusive radiative B meson
decay B --> X(s) gamma to be Br(B->X(s)gamma)=(3.36 +/- 0.53(stat) +/-
0.42(sys) +0.50-0.54(th)) x 10^{-4}.
The result is based on a sample of 6.07 x 10^6 BBbar events collected at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e^+e^-
storage ring.Comment: 14 pages, 6 Postsript figures, uses elsart.cl
Diffractive \eta_c and \eta_b productions by neutrinos via neutral currents
We report a first theoretical study for neutrino-induced diffractive
productions of heavy pseudoscalar mesons, \eta_c and \eta_b, off a nucleon.
Based on factorization formalism for exclusive processes, we evaluate the
forward diffractive production cross section in perturbative QCD in terms of
the light-cone Q\bar{Q} wave functions (WFs) of \eta_{c,b} mesons and the gluon
distribution of the nucleon. The light-cone WFs of the \eta_c (\eta_b) meson
are constructed to satisfy the spin symmetry relations with those of the J/\psi
(\Upsilon) meson. The diffractive \eta_c production is governed by the
axial-vector coupling of the longitudinally polarized Z boson to Q\bar{Q} pair,
and the resulting \eta_c production rate is larger than the J/\psi one by one
order of magnitude. We also discuss the production of bottomonium \eta_b, which
shows up for higher beam energy.Comment: REVTex4, 4 pages with 3 embedded figure
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