Modeling of Heat Release in Aqueous Suspensions of Solid-State Nanoparticles under Electromagnetic Radio-Frequency Irradiation

Conference on Synthesis and Photonics of Nanoscale Materials XIII, San Francisco, CA, FEB 15-17, 2016International audienceWe examine absorption of electromagnetic radio-frequency (RF) radiation in aqueous suspensions of semiconductor (silicon) and metal (gold) nanoparticles (NPs) and theoretically investigate the heat release in these systems. The absorption of RF radiation is considered in both bulk electrolyte and the region around the NPs. Simulations show a strong dependence of the heating rate on electrical conductivity of the electrolyte rather than on that of NPs properties. The obtained results indicate that NPs can act as sensitizers of the RF induced hyperthermia for biomedical applications

Comparison between fluorescence imaging and elemental analysis to determine biodistribution of inorganic nanoparticles with strong light absorption

Abstract Black porous silicon nanoparticles (BPSi NPs) are known as highly efficient infrared light absorbers that are well-suitable for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). PTT and PAI require a sufficient number of effectively light-absorbing NPs to be accumulated in tumor after intravenous administration. Herein, biodistribution of PEGylated BPSi NPs with different sizes (i.e., 140, 200, and 300 nm in diameter) is investigated after intravenous administration in mice. BPSi NPs were conjugated with fluorescent dyes Cy5.5 and Cy7.5 to track them in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Optical imaging with an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) was found to be an inadequate technique to assess the biodistribution of the dye-labeled BPSi NPs in vivo because the intrinsic strong absorbance of the BPSi NPs interfered fluorescence detection. This challenge was resolved via the use of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry to analyze ex vivo the silicon content in different tissues and tumors. The results indicated that most of the polyethylene glycol-coated BPSi NPs were found to accumulate in the liver and spleen after intravenous injection. The smallest 140 nm particles accumulated the most in tumors at an amount of 9.5 ± 3.4% of the injected dose (concentration of 0.18 ± 0.08 mg/mL), the amount known to produce sufficient heat for cancer PTT. Furthermore, the findings from the present study also suggest that techniques other than optical imaging should be considered to study the organ biodistribution of NPs with strong light absorbance properties

Radio frequency radiation-induced hyperthermia using Si nanoparticle-based sensitizers for mild cancer therapy

International audienceOffering mild, non-invasive and deep cancer therapy modality, radio frequency (RF) radiation-induced hyperthermia lacks for efficient biodegradable RF sensitizers to selectively target cancer cells and thus avoid side effects. Here, we assess crystalline silicon (Si) based nanomaterials as sensitizers for the RF-induced therapy. Using nanoparticles produced by mechanical grinding of porous silicon and ultraclean laser- ablative synthesis, we report efficient RF-induced heating of aqueous suspensions of the nanoparticles to temperatures above 45-50 degrees C under relatively low nanoparticle concentrations (< 1 mg/mL) and RF radiation intensities (1-5 W/cm(2)). For both types of nanoparticles the heating rate was linearly dependent on nanoparticle concentration, while laser-ablated nanoparticles demonstrated a remarkably higher heating rate than porous silicon-based ones for the whole range of the used concentrations from 0.01 to 0.4 mg/mL. The observed effect is explained by the Joule heating due to the generation of electrical currents at the nanoparticle/water interface. Profiting from the nanoparticle-based hyperthermia, we demonstrate an efficient treatment of Lewis lung carcinomain in vivo. Combined with the possibility of involvement of parallel imaging and treatment channels based on unique optical properties of Si-based nanomaterials, the proposed method promises a new landmark in the development of new modalities for mild cancer therapy