Assessment of vitamin E status in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: plasma, plasma corrected for lipids or red blood cell measurements?

<b>Background:</b> There is some evidence that the plasma vitamin E status is perturbed as part of systemic inflammatory response and correcting this with other plasma markers may not lead to reliable results. The aim of the present study was to examine the longitudinal inter-relationships between plasma and red blood cell vitamin α-tocopherol in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. <b>Methods:</b> α-tocopherol concentrations were measured, by HPLC, in plasma and red blood cells in normal subjects (n = 67) and in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (n = 82) on admission and on follow-up. <b>Results:</b> Plasma α-tocopherol was significantly lower in the critically ill patients compared with the controls (all p < 0.001) with 41% of patients having concentrations below the 95% confidence interval. In contrast, when corrected for cholesterol, α-tocopherol concentrations were significantly higher in the critically ill patients compared with the control group (p < 0.001, 27% above the 95% confidence interval) and when corrected for triglycerides, α-tocopherol concentrations were significantly lower in the critically ill patients compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Red blood cell α-tocopherol corrected for haemoglobin was similar (p = 0.852) in the critically ill patients compared with control subjects. The longitudinal measurements (n = 53) gave similar results. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results indicate that there is a discrepancy between vitamin E measurements in plasma, in plasma corrected for lipids and in red blood cells. Although the value of correcting vitamin E concentrations by lipids is well established in population studies, the present study indicates that such correction is unreliable in the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and that vitamin E status should be assessed using red blood cell α-tocopherol measurement

Seismic Pressure Distribution on Retaining Wall with Reinforced Earth Backfill

An analysis for determination of lateral thrust on a rigid retaining wall with reinforced earth backfill under seismic condition is described in this paper. The backfill is reinforced with horizontally laid unattached strips and an equivalent horizontal static force replaces the dynamic force. A Coulomb wedge is assumed to develop at limiting equilibrium. Analysis indicates substantial reduction in pressures on the wall due to reinforcement. An optimum length of reinforcing strips of 60 percent of height of wall is indicated

Acute changes in the systemic inflammatory response are associated with transient decreases in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations following elective knee arthroplasty [POSTER]

No abstract available

Efficient Database Risk Management Using BSP and Fuzzy Logic

Increasing passion for internet throughout the world causes the exponential growth in the web applications and distributed techniques. Due to high usage of web applications massive transactions are happening at the database server side. Even though databases are well equipped with powerful tools, most of the times they are unable to fulfill the user’s demand and resulting in longer waiting queues or crashing of databases. So many methods and systems are existing to handle the overflowing database queries, but most of them again take longer time to get rid of the situation. This paper put forwards an idea of handling this risk situation of the database by collecting all the queries in a Queue and thereby evaluating risk aware situation by fuzzy classification. Once the risk awareness is notified then these queries in the queue are committing quickly using batch stream processing technique to avoid longer waiting queues of the queries for execution. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15079

Fibre Optics in Undersea Applications

Role of optical fibres for underwater communication cables and hydrophones is discussed. The fibre optics cables provide an excellent solution to the historical bandwidth-diameter problems of conventional coaxial cables.Fibre optic hydrophones are found to have many more advantages apart from high sensitivity and large dynamic range, over the classical sound sensors used in underwater work

Systemic inflammation predicts all-cause mortality: a Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study

Introduction: Markers of the systemic inflammatory response, including C-reactive protein and albumin (combined to form the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score), as well as neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts have been shown to be prognostic of survival in patients with cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic relationship between these markers of the systemic inflammatory response and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in a large incidentally sampled cohort.<p></p> Methods: Patients (n = 160 481) who had an incidental blood sample taken between 2000 and 2008 were studied for the prognostic value of C-reactive protein (>10mg/l, albumin (>35mg/l), neutrophil (>7.5×109/l) lymphocyte and platelet counts. Also, patients (n = 52 091) sampled following the introduction of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (>3mg/l) measurements were studied. A combination of these markers, to make cumulative inflammation-based scores, were investigated.<p></p> Results: In all patients (n = 160 481) C-reactive protein (>10mg/l) (HR 2.71, p<0.001), albumin (>35mg/l) (HR 3.68, p<0.001) and neutrophil counts (HR 2.18, p<0.001) were independently predictive of all-cause mortality. These associations were also observed in cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality before and after the introduction of high sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements (>3mg/l) (n = 52 091). A combination of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (>3mg/l), albumin and neutrophil count predicted all-cause (HR 7.37, p<0.001, AUC 0.723), cancer (HR 9.32, p<0.001, AUC 0.731), cardiovascular (HR 4.03, p<0.001, AUC 0.650) and cerebrovascular (HR 3.10, p<0.001, AUC 0.623) mortality. Conclusion The results of the present study showed that an inflammation-based prognostic score, combining high sensitivity C-reactive protein, albumin and neutrophil count is prognostic of all-cause mortality

Truthful Multi-unit Procurements with Budgets

We study procurement games where each seller supplies multiple units of his item, with a cost per unit known only to him. The buyer can purchase any number of units from each seller, values different combinations of the items differently, and has a budget for his total payment. For a special class of procurement games, the {\em bounded knapsack} problem, we show that no universally truthful budget-feasible mechanism can approximate the optimal value of the buyer within $\ln n$, where $n$ is the total number of units of all items available. We then construct a polynomial-time mechanism that gives a $4(1+\ln n)$-approximation for procurement games with {\em concave additive valuations}, which include bounded knapsack as a special case. Our mechanism is thus optimal up to a constant factor. Moreover, for the bounded knapsack problem, given the well-known FPTAS, our results imply there is a provable gap between the optimization domain and the mechanism design domain. Finally, for procurement games with {\em sub-additive valuations}, we construct a universally truthful budget-feasible mechanism that gives an $O(\frac{\log^2 n}{\log \log n})$-approximation in polynomial time with a demand oracle.Comment: To appear at WINE 201

The thermal conductivity reduction in HgTe/CdTe superlattices

The techniques used previously to calculate the three-fold thermal conductivity reduction due to phonon dispersion in GaAs/AlAs superlattices (SLs) are applied to HgTe/CdTe SLs. The reduction factor is approximately the same, indicating that this SL may be applicable both as a photodetector and a thermoelectric cooler.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; to be published in Journal of Applied Physic