How the “South”Has Been Constructed? : Imaginary Africa of the Japanese Popular/Juvenile Literature and Comics

表象と文化(13

Protocol: a simple gel-free method for SNP genotyping using allele-specific primers in rice and other plant species

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genotype analysis using multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a useful but labor-intensive or high-cost procedure in plant research. Here we describe an alternative genotyping method that is suited to multi-sample or multi-locus SNP genotyping and does not require electrophoresis or specialized equipment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have developed a simple method for multi-sample or multi-locus SNP genotyping using allele-specific primers (ASP). More specifically, we (1) improved the design of allele-specific primers, (2) established a method to detect PCR products optically without electrophoresis, and (3) standardized PCR conditions for parallel genomic assay using various allele-specific primers. As an illustration of multi-sample SNP genotyping using ASP, we mapped the locus for lodging resistance in a typhoon (<it>lrt5</it>). Additionally, we successfully tested multi-locus ASP-PCR analysis using 96 SNPs located throughout the genomes of rice (<it>Oryza sativa</it>) cultivars 'Koshihikari' and 'Kasalath', and demonstrated its applicability to other diverse cultivars/subspecies, including wild rice (<it>O. rufipogon</it>).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our ASP methodology allows characterization of SNPs genotypes without electrophoresis, expensive probes or specialized equipment, and is highly versatile due to the flexibility in the design of primers. The method could be established easily in any molecular biology laboratory, and is applicable to diverse organisms.</p

From "Tiryagyoni" through "Animal" to "Ferns" : A Critique of Western Religious Thinking with L. Tolstoy, V. Rozanov, and F. Kafka

表象と文化 (15

CO2 Looping Cycle for CO2 Separation

A dual fluidized bed process using CaO-based solid sorbent is considered to be a promising technology to separate CO2 from flue gas with low energy penalty. As reactor for CaO-looping cycle, both bubbling fluidized bed and “fast” fluidized bed are available, thus four possible combinations, (bubbling or fast absorber)x(bubbling or fast regenerator), are conceivable for this process. In this work, the authors discuss favorable combination of reactor type from viewpoints of heat removal from carbonation reactor and on energy penalty associated with dilution of pure oxygen by CO2 in the regenerator. As conclusion, suitable combination was found to be bubbling bed absorber and fast regenerator. Design of bench-scale experimental apparatus of the present system was also carried out. Bubbling bed absorber was designed to achieve 86 % CO2 removal efficiency from flue gas. Preliminary operating results of solid circulation at room temperature are also presented