Temeljni mehanizmi promjene kod motivacijskoga intervjua: Razlikovanje učinaka relacijskih i tehničkih elemenata

This experiment used a dismantling approach to examine change mechanisms in motivational interviewing (MI). Seventy-two undergraduate participants who scored in the top 35th percentile on trait anger were randomly assigned to: full MI (FMI), spirit-only MI (SOMI), or psychoeducation. They met individually with an experimenter for one 30- to 45-minute session to discuss their anger. In the FMI condition, the relational and technical elements of MI were both used to elicit change talk. In the SOMI condition, the supportive and relational elements of MI were emphasized. In the psychoeducation condition, the focus was placed on teaching the components of anger episodes. Participants were then asked to launch a daily, online, deep breathing exercise during the following week. Results showed that participants in both MI conditions emitted more change talk than those in the psychoeducation condition. Independent session ratings showed that despite the attempted elimination of technical elements in the SOMI condition, the FMI and SOMI conditions did not differ on the experimenter’s acceptance, empathy, direction, autonomy support, and collaboration. Also, results did not support the main effect on program launches. These results indicate it is challenging to separate relational from technical elements in MI and, thus, to identify core mechanisms of change.U ovome je eksperimentu korišten tzv. pristup rastavljanja da bi se ispitali mehanizmi promjene u motivacijskome intervjuu (MI). Sedamdeset i dva studenta preddiplomskoga studija koja su se nalazila u gornjih 35 percentila na osobini ljutnje nasumično su raspoređena u sljedeće skupine: potpuni MI (PMI), relacijski MI (RMI) ili psihoedukacija. Svaki se sudionik individualno sastao s eksperimentatorom (terapeutom) na jednoj seansi u trajanju od 30 do 45 minuta da bi razgovarao o svojoj ljutnji. U uvjetu potpunoga MI-ja korišteni su relacijski i tehnički elementi da bi se potaknuo razgovor o promjeni, dok je u uvjetu relacijskoga MI-ja naglasak bio na relacijskim i suportivnim elementima. U uvjetima psihoedukacije fokus je stavljen na podučavanje o komponentama ljutnje. Sudionici su zatim zamoljeni da tijekom sljedećega tjedna putem interneta koriste dnevnu vježbu dubokoga disanja. Rezultati su pokazali da su sudionici u obama uvjetima motivacijskoga intervjua iskazivali više govora o promjeni (engl. change talk) u odnosu na grupu koja je sudjelovala u psihoedukaciji. Nezavisne procjene seansi pokazale su da se, unatoč pokušaju eliminacije tehničkih elemenata u uvjetu relacijskoga MI-ja, uvjeti PMI-ja i RMI-ja nisu razlikovali u terapeutovu prihvaćanju, empatiji, usmjeravanju, podršci autonomije i suradnji. Također, nije dobiven efekt grupe na pokretanje vježbe dubokoga disanja. Ti rezultati pokazuju da je teško odvojiti relacijske od tehničkih elemenata u MI-ju i prema tome identificirati temeljne mehanizme promjene

Core Mechanisms of Change in Motivational Interviewing: An Attempt to Separate Relational from Technical Element Effects

This experiment used a dismantling approach to examine change mechanisms in motivational interviewing (MI). Seventy-two undergraduate participants who scored in the top 35th percentile on trait anger were randomly assigned to: full MI (FMI), spirit-only MI (SOMI), or psychoeducation. They met individually with an experimenter for one 30- to 45-minute session to discuss their anger. In the FMI condition, the relational and technical elements of MI were both used to elicit change talk. In the SOMI condition, the supportive and relational elements of MI were emphasized. In the psychoeducation condition, the focus was placed on teaching the components of anger episodes. Participants were then asked to launch a daily, online, deep breathing exercise during the following week. Results showed that participants in both MI conditions emitted more change talk than those in the psychoeducation condition. Independent session ratings showed that despite the attempted elimination of technical elements in the SOMI condition, the FMI and SOMI conditions did not differ on the experimenter’s acceptance, empathy, direction, autonomy support, and collaboration. Also, results did not support the main effect on program launches. These results indicate it is challenging to separate relational from technical elements in MI and, thus, to identify core mechanisms of change

Core Mechanisms of Change in Motivational Interviewing: An Attempt to Separate Relational from Technical Element Effects

This experiment used a dismantling approach to examine change mechanisms in motivational interviewing (MI). Seventy-two undergraduate participants who scored in the top 35th percentile on trait anger were randomly assigned to: full MI (FMI), spirit-only MI (SOMI), or psychoeducation. They met individually with an experimenter for one 30- to 45-minute session to discuss their anger. In the FMI condition, the relational and technical elements of MI were both used to elicit change talk. In the SOMI condition, the supportive and relational elements of MI were emphasized. In the psychoeducation condition, the focus was placed on teaching the components of anger episodes. Participants were then asked to launch a daily, online, deep breathing exercise during the following week. Results showed that participants in both MI conditions emitted more change talk than those in the psychoeducation condition. Independent session ratings showed that despite the attempted elimination of technical elements in the SOMI condition, the FMI and SOMI conditions did not differ on the experimenter’s acceptance, empathy, direction, autonomy support, and collaboration. Also, results did not support the main effect on program launches. These results indicate it is challenging to separate relational from technical elements in MI and, thus, to identify core mechanisms of change

The place and role of (moral) anger in organizational behavior studies

The aim of this article is to conceptually delineate moral anger from other related constructs. Drawing upon social functional accounts of anger, we contend that distilling the finer nuances of morally motivated anger and its expression can increase the precision with which we examine prosocial forms of anger (e.g., redressing injustice), in general, and moral anger, in particular. Without this differentiation, we assert that (i) moral anger remains theoretically elusive, (ii) that this thwarts our ability to methodologically capture the unique variance moral anger can explain in important work outcomes, and that (iii) this can promote ill-informed organizational policies and practice. We offer a four-factor definition of moral anger and demonstrate the utility of this characterization as a distinct construct with application for workplace phenomena such as, but not limited to, whistle-blowing. Next, we outline a future research agenda, including how to operationalize the construct and address issues of construct, discriminant, and convergent validity. Finally, we argue for greater appreciation of anger's prosocial functions and concomitant understanding that many anger displays can be justified and lack harmful intent. If allowed and addressed with interest and concern, these emotional displays can lead to improved organizational practic

Al Ghadhabu: Idaratuhu wa 'Ilajuhu

437 hal.; 23 cm

Governing the green economy in the Arctic

In Sweden’s Norrbotten County, a “green transition” driven by market demand and new normative structures is underway, creating a regional mega-project designed to put Sweden at the forefront of emerging green industries. These industries, such as carbon-neutral steel fabrication, battery production, and data center hosting, all require large amounts of energy, land, and minerals. This paper applies the regional environmental governance framework to Arctic data to examine which stakeholders have the capacity to impose their agenda on the Arctic environment and the points of conflict and collaboration during this period of accelerated growth. The paper tests the assumption that regional governance accommodates a plurality of interests. A case study examining Norrbotten County’s industrial mega-project centered around Luleå, Sweden, identifies a dominant coalition uniting government and industry that supports norms seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this region. However, the existing regional governance model does a poor job of integrating the local Indigenous Sámi preferences for land use. At the core of the difference between actors advancing the green economy and the local Sámi reindeer herders are divergent conceptions of nature and sustainability.Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-03-30 (joosat);Funder: United States National Science Foundation (2127364)Licens fulltext: CC BY License</p

Schema therapy for aggressive offenders with personality disorders

Schema therapy (ST) is increasingly used in personality-disordered (PD) patients. ST is an integrative psychotherapy that blends elements of cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic and experiential approaches. The key concepts in ST are early maladaptive schemas, (dysfunctional) coping styles and schema modes or emotional states. Schema therapy has recently been adapted for forensic settings. In aggressive offenders with PDs, ST specifically focuses on those schema modes that are risk factors for aggressive, impulsive, and criminal behavior. In this chapter, we describe the rationale for ST, present our forensic adaptation of ST, and provide guidelines for clinical practice