Computational analysis of contamination in Kojima Lake using upwind-type finite element method

We have computed the phase of spreading contaminations in Kojima Lake by using the upwind-type finite element method. We have treated the two cases: the pollutant flows from the Sasagase river and from the Kurashiki River. We see that the upwind-type finite element method is effective in both cases, when the diffusion constant is quite small

Random Bit Strings and Antigenic Diversity ― Simulations

Transition of random bit strings is simulated by using pseudorandom numbers. Bit strings are considered as RNA of HIV virus here. Transition of random bit strings represents that of antigenic deversity

\u27Hardy and Eliot\u27: A Response

In the last issue of the Review, Nicola Harris, in her Fellowship Prize Essay, discussed the different attitudes of Hardy and George Eliot to \u27moral perception\u27.\u27 In the course of her argument she refers to an article of mine, published several years ago, where I dealt with the same passages that she considers. Having read her piece with great interest, I should like to make the following observations. The reference to what I said occurs where Harris is comparing the description of Boldwood looking fixedly at the Valentine that Bathsheba has sent him (,Here the bachelor\u27s gaze was continually fastening itself till the large red seal became as a blot on the retina of his eye\u27, Far from the Madding Crowd, Ch. 14) with the narrative comment on Dorothea in Rome (\u27In certain states of dull forlornness Dorothea all her life continued to see the red drapery ... spreading itself everywhere like a disease of the retina\u27, Middlemarch, Ch. 20). In my article I first of all drew attention to a critical moment in Hardy\u27s A Pair of Blue Eyes (published in 1872- 73, that is, immediately after the appearance of Middlemarch), where Knight, facing Elfride in a stubble-field, becomes painfully aware of her past relationship with Stephen: The scene was engraved for years on the retina of Knight\u27s eye: the dead and brown stubble, the weeds among it, the distant belt of beeches shutting out the view of the house, the leaves of which were now red and sick to death. (Ch. 34) The retina, the colour red, and the idea of long-lasting visual impressions in association with bitter emotional experience: all this, I argued, recalls the Middlemarch passage. Extending this to the case of Boldwood, I commented: Was Hardy, then, influenced by George Eliot on this point? \u27Influence\u27, or \u27debt\u27, seems to me too strong and simple a word. For Hardy might well have found in Eliot what was already present in himself. What is beyond dispute, however, is the fact that Hardy was sufficiently keen about this retina image to employ it once again in the very next novel Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), and that this time, as opposed to the one in A Pair of Blue Eyes where the effect is only locally striking, it is brilliantly related to the design of the novel as a whole, thus making the Boldwood passage a \u27moment of vision\u27 of extraordinary force.

Gap Condition and Self-Dualized N=4{\cal N}=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory for ADE Gauge Group on K3

We try to determine the partition function of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theoy for ADE gauge group on K3 by self-dualizing our previous ADE partition function. The resulting partition function satisfies gap condition.Comment: 17 page

Suzaku observations of subhalos in the Coma cluster

We observed three massive subhalos in the Coma cluster with {\it Suzaku}. These subhalos, labeled "ID 1", "ID 2", and "ID 32", were detected with a weak-lensing survey using the Subaru/Suprime-Cam (Okabe et al. 2014a), and are located at the projected distances of 1.4 $r_{500}$, 1.2 $r_{500}$, and 1.6 $r_{500}$ from the center of the Coma cluster, respectively. The subhalo "ID 1" has a compact X-ray excess emission close to the center of the weak-lensing mass contour, and the gas mass to weak-lensing mass ratio is about 0.001. The temperature of the emission is about 3 keV, which is slightly lower than that of the surrounding intracluster medium (ICM) and that expected for the temperature vs. mass relation of clusters of galaxies. The subhalo "ID 32" shows an excess emission whose peak is shifted toward the opposite direction from the center of the Coma cluster. The gas mass to weak-lensing mass ratio is also about 0.001, which is significantly smaller than regular galaxy groups. The temperature of the excess is about 0.5 keV and significantly lower than that of the surrounding ICM and far from the temperature vs. mass relation of clusters. However, there is no significant excess X-ray emission in the "ID 2" subhalo. Assuming an infall velocity of about 2000 $\rm km~s^{-1}$, at the border of the excess X-ray emission, the ram pressures for "ID 1" and "ID 32" are comparable to the gravitational restoring force per area. We also studied the effect of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability to strip the gas. Although we found X-ray clumps associated with the weak-lensing subhalos, their X-ray luminosities are much lower than the total ICM luminosity in the cluster outskirts.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, ApJ in pres

Simulations of Heel Impact by Viscoelastic Models

The purpose of this study is to make some body models with viscoelastic model, to simulate the heel impact and to obtain the ground reaction force. In this paper, we build up body models of linear viscoelastic elements and mass elements to simulate heel impact. Here we consider the systems of linear differential equations numerically for the preparation of mathematical analysis in future. The simplest model with two mass elements is hardly able to simulate the heel impact if the rate of mass of elements is realistic. The models with more elements are suitable to simulate for actual rate of weight of body segments. The model with three mass elements makes it possible to guess the force to each body segment