Can intraoperative kinematic analysis predict postoperative kinematics following total knee arthroplasty? A preliminary study

The preliminary study analyzed the relationship between intraoperative navigation-based kinematics and postoperative 2-dimensional/3-dimensional (2D/3D) image registration-based kinematics in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Six knees in 5 patients were analyzed. All TKA procedures were performed using an image-free knee navigation system. Tibial internal rotation was assessed by intraoperative knee kinematics. At 1 year after surgery, tibial internal rotation was evaluated using a 2D/3D image registration technique under loaded and unloaded conditions. The correlation between intraoperative and postoperative data for the tibial internal rotation angle at 10° increments of knee flexion was then assessed. Difference in the knee flexion angle between the intraoperative and postoperative evaluations was adjusted to account for the sagittal cutting angle of the distal femur and proximal tibia. A correlation was found between the intraoperative and postoperative data for loaded knee flexion with this adjustment (Pearson’s r = 0.725, p = 0.012). However, intraoperative kinematics was not significantly correlated with postoperative kinematics in the absence of loading. Larger adequately powered prospective studies are now needed to confirm our preliminary finding that postoperative loaded kinematics can be predicted by intraoperative evaluation

日常生活動作の筋活動レベル : バッグを保持した歩行中の筋活動レベル

The purpose of study was to determine muscle activity levels while walking with baggage. Subjects were 5 male university students in physical education. Electromyograms (EMG) recordings obtained from rectus abdominis and erector spinae during 1-minute walk with baggage were analyzed for muscle activity. The results of this study were as follows. (1) Muscle activity of rectus abdominis was found to be high nearer to the center of gravity. (9.8-19.7%) (2) Muscle activity of erector spinae was comparatively high throughout the duration. (48.4-57.3%) (3) These results indicate that it is more desirable for you to carry a handbag on the shoulder, and to wear a kit, shoulder or drum bag on the back and by crossing the straps across the chest

筋活動レベルから見たアイソメトリクス運動の特徴

The purpose of this study was to observe the muscle activity levels during isometric contraction. Subjects were 5 male university students of physical education. Electromyograms (EMG) during isotonic contraction and isometric contraction were obtained from rectus abdominis and vastus medialis. The results of this study were as follows. (1) Muscle activity levels of rectus abdominis were found to be higher than those of other muscles. (86.0%) (2) Muscle activity of vastus medialis was lower than that of other muscles. (35.1%) (3) These results indicate that for rectus abdominis the muscle activity level during isometric contraction may be enough to obtain the desired training effect

Case report: Exploring autosomal recessive woolly hair: genetic and scanning electron microscopic perspectives on a Japanese patient

Woolly hair (WH) is a hair shaft anomaly characterized by tightly curled hair that typically stops growing at a few inches. Autosomal recessive WH (ARWH; OMIM no. 278150/604379/616760) has been reported to be caused by variants in genes coding lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 (LPAR6), lipase H (LIPH), or keratin 25 (KRT25). In this study, we conducted a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of the hair of a 3-year-old Japanese ARWH patient. The SEM revealed that her affected hair had an irregular and rough cuticle compared to her mother’s hair. Many irregular small projections and longitudinal grooves were seen on the surface of the patient’s hair shaft, and some free margins of the hair cortex were raised or serrated. Her hairs were oval-shaped on the cross-section. Mutation analysis revealed a homozygous pathogenic variant (c.736 T > A; Cys246Ser) in exon 6 in LIPH. In our clinic, we identified three additional cases with the homozygous Cys246Ser variant and one case with compound heterozygous variants in LIPH: Cys246Ser and c.671C > G (Pro224Arg). Consequently, genetic analyses, including genotype–phenotype correlation involving rare LIPH variants, have become more crucial in the Japanese population

MRマイクロイメージングとガドリニウム-デンドロン修飾ナノリポソーム造影剤を用いた3D微小血管およびナノ粒子分布の腫瘍内評価

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is variable depending on nanoparticle properties and tumor/vessel conditions. Thus, intratumoral evaluations of the vasculature and nanoparticle distribution are important for predicting the therapeutic efficacy and the intractability of tumors. We aimed to develop a tumor vasculature evaluation method and high-resolution nanoparticle delivery imaging using magnetic resonance (MR) micro-imaging technology with a gadolinium (Gd)-dendron assembled liposomal contrast agent. Using the Gd-liposome and a cryogenic receiving coil, we achieved 50-μm isotropic MR angiography with clear visualization of tumor micro-vessel structure. The Gd-liposome-enhanced MR micro-imaging revealed differences in the vascular structures between Colon26- and SU-DHL6-grafted mice models. The vessel volumes and diameters measured for both tumors were significantly correlated with histological observations. The MR micro-imaging methods facilitate the evaluation of intratumoral vascularization patterns, the quantitative assessment of vascular-properties that alter tumor malignancy, particle retentivity, and the effects of treatment

中高齢者の歩行の特徴

The purpose of this study was to analyze walking in middle age, old age and youth and explain characteristics of each throug a comparison by age. The subjects were 107 middle-age and elderly people (47 male and 60 female) and 17 university students (9 male and 8 female) in the physical education couese. Experiment was to film walking from side with digital video camera. We then measured pace and pitch, and obtained the following results. (1) Pitch was fastest in those in their twenties, and slowed more and more with age. Females were faster than males. Especially, in their seventies were faster than males in their sixties. (2) Pace was widest in these in their twenties. Pace was longer in males than females, and narrowed with age (3) Pace and step frequency showed negative correlations with ag