THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF TAKING A SPORTS FRANCHISE BY EMINENT DOMAIN AND THE NEED FOR FEDERAL LEGISLATION TO RESTRICT FRANCHISE RELOCATION

In 1985, two cities were in proceedings to each take over a sports franchises located within their respective cities. However, a number of constitutional limitations may prevent a city from taking sports franchises. This Note examines the constitutional public use, just compensation,right to travel and commerce clause limitations as applied to the taking of sports franchises by eminent domain. This Note concludes that eminent domain is an improper method of protecting cities\u27 interests in preventing the relocation of sports franchises. Consequently, it suggests that only carefully drawn federal legislation can protect a city\u27s interest in keeping its sports franchises without subjecting franchises to nonuniform and discriminatory treatment

Cosmological Constraints from the double source plane lens SDSSJ0946+1006

We present constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, $w$, and the total matter density, $\Omega_{\mathrm{M}}$, derived from the double-source-plane strong lens SDSSJ0946+1006, the first cosmological measurement with a galaxy-scale double-source-plane lens. By modelling the primary lens with an elliptical power-law mass distribution, and including perturbative lensing by the first source, we are able to constrain the cosmological scaling factor in this system to be $\beta^{-1}=1.404 \pm 0.016$, which implies $\Omega_{\mathrm{M}}= 0.33_{-0.26}^{+0.33}$ for a flat $\Lambda$ cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) cosmology. Combining with a cosmic microwave background prior from Planck, we find $w$ = $-1.17^{+0.20}_{-0.21}$ assuming a flat $w$CDM cosmology. This inference shifts the posterior by 1${\sigma}$ and improves the precision by 30 per cent with respect to Planck alone, and demonstrates the utility of combining simple, galaxy-scale multiple-source-plane lenses with other cosmological probes to improve precision and test for residual systematic biases.Comment: 9 Pages, 7 Figures. Updated version as published in MNRA

Selected Readings on Ethnicity, Family and Community

Selected Readings on Ethnicity, Family and Community; compiled by Mary E. Kelly, Central Missouri State University, and Thomas W. Sanchez, University of Nebraska- Lincoln

TESTING DYNAMIC MODELS OF THE FARM FIRM

In this paper two models of dynamic firm behavior are fitted to a data set developed from business records of Indiana dairy farms. The parametric restrictions implied by a cost-of-adjustment model are rejected. A less restrictive, disequilibrium model is accepted; this is a model of partial and interrelated adjustment among inputs and outputs. The results suggest that adjustment in quasi-fixed inputs is slow affecting the adjustment in variable inputs and outputs.Agricultural Finance, Livestock Production/Industries,

Legislators v. Regulators: The Case of Low Power FM Radio

The recent Federal Communications Commission rule making for low power FM radio has been widely reported as an instance where Congress sharply rebuked the Commission for enacting rules too favorable to entrants. Because rival policy optima are quantifiable in this case, the preferences of consumers, Congress and the Commission can be directly compared. While differences in policy preferences of Congress and the regulatory agency were visible to interest groups, they appear extremely modest when compared to the open entry (welfare maximizing) policy alternative. A financial event study reveals that incumbent broadcast station equity values were neither threatened by the Commission's low power FM rules, nor materially enhanced by their reversal in Congress. This lends empirical support to the Congressional Dominance view of regulation, and illustrates the margins on which blame- and credit-shifting strategies are utilized by policy makers.

Film study for a star correlator Final report

Photographic recording film evaluation for star field image processing in spacecraft environment and use in star correlato

Spin and orbital angular momentum of the proton

Since the announcement of the proton spin crisis by the European Muon Collaboration there has been considerable progress in unravelling the distribution of spin and orbital angular momentum within the proton. We review the current status of the problem, showing that not only have strong upper limits have been placed on the amount of polarized glue in the proton but that the experimental determination of the spin content has become much more precise. It is now clear that the origin of the discrepancy between experiment and the naive expectation of the fraction of spin carried by the quarks and anti-quarks in the proton lies in the non-perturbative structure of the proton. We explain how the features expected in a modern, relativistic and chirally symmetric description of nucleon structure naturally explain the current data. The consequences of this explanation for the presence of orbital angular momentum on quarks and gluons is reviewed and comparison made with recent results from lattice QCD and experimental data.Comment: Lectures at Aligarh University (4th DAE-BRNS Workshop on Hadron Physics, Feb 18-21, 200

Rapid, quantitative determination of bacteria in water

A bioluminescent assay for ATP in water borne bacteria is made by adding nitric acid to a water sample with concentrated bacteria to rupture the bacterial cells. The sample is diluted with sterile, deionized water, then mixed with a luciferase-luciferin mixture and the resulting light output of the bioluminescent reaction is measured and correlated with bacteria present. A standard and a blank also are presented so that the light output can be correlated to bacteria in the sample and system noise can be substracted from the readings. A chemiluminescent assay for iron porphyrins in water borne bacteria is made by adding luminol reagent to a water sample with concentrated bacteria and measuring the resulting light output of the chemiluminescent reaction