Effects of 2000 mg/kg Zn from ZnO or Carbadox on Performance of Weaned Pigs as Influenced by Complexity of Diets

The positive effect of pharmacological levels of zinc (Zn) from zinc oxide (ZnO), is well documented. Zinc at 3000 mg/kg has been shown to be as effective as carbadox (CARB) in the weaned pigs’ diet. Recent research has demonstrated an unexpected effect on weaned pig performance from adding 3000 mg/kg of Zn from ZnO to simple diets. Normally, pigs fed complex diets with specialty ingredients outperform pigs fed simple diets, primarily because of increased feed intake. However, performance of pigs fed simple diets with added ZnO has been equal to performance of pigs fed complex diets with or without added ZnO (SWINE 2000-9 and SWINE 2000-10). Improvement in pig performance was not to the same degree with the addition of 3000 mg/kg Zn to a complex diet as to a simple diet. The results of some research suggests that 3000 mg/kg of Zn may be close to a toxic level in some instances. This experiment was designed to obtain data at a lower Zn level (2000 mg/kg). Of interest was whether 2000 mg/kg Zn from ZnO would give equal performance to 55 mg/kg CARB. Also of interest was in 2000 mg/kg Zn would elict an improvement in performance from pigs fed the complex diet as well as pigs fed the simple diet. If the response to 2000 mg/kg was the same for both types of diets, this would suggest that added Zn was marginally toxic when included at 3000 mg/kg but not at 2000 mg/kg in a complex diet. If the response to Zn was found only in the simple diet, it would suggest the differences in responses to Zn previously observed for simple and complex diets was due to an interaction between Zn levels and feed ingredients affecting feed intake

Discrete-time quantum walks on one-dimensional lattices

In this paper, we study discrete-time quantum walks on one-dimensional lattices. We find that the coherent dynamics depends on the initial states and coin parameters. For infinite size of lattice, we derive an explicit expression for the return probability, which shows scaling behavior $P(0,t)\sim t^{-1}$ and does not depends on the initial states of the walk. In the long-time limit, the probability distribution shows various patterns, depending on the initial states, coin parameters and the lattice size. The average mixing time $M_{\epsilon}$ closes to the limiting probability in linear $N$ (size of the lattice) for large values of thresholds $\epsilon$. Finally, we introduce another kind of quantum walk on infinite or even-numbered size of lattices, and show that the walk is equivalent to the traditional quantum walk with symmetrical initial state and coin parameter.Comment: 17 pages research not

Misleading signatures of quantum chaos

The main signature of chaos in a quantum system is provided by spectral statistical analysis of the nearest neighbor spacing distribution and the spectral rigidity given by $\Delta_3(L)$. It is shown that some standard unfolding procedures, like local unfolding and Gaussian broadening, lead to a spurious increase of the spectral rigidity that spoils the $\Delta_3(L)$ relationship with the regular or chaotic motion of the system. This effect can also be misinterpreted as Berry's saturation.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical Review

Can processes make relationships work? The Triple Helix between structure and action

This contribution seeks to explore how complex adaptive theory can be applied at the conceptual level to unpack Triple Helix models. We use two cases to examine this issue – the Finnish Strategic Centres for Science, Technology & Innovation (SHOKs) and the Canadian Business-led Networks of Centres of Excellence (BL-NCE). Both types of centres are organisational structures that aspire to be business-led, with a considerable portion of their activities driven by (industrial) users’ interests and requirements. Reflecting on the centres’ activities along three dimensions – knowledge generation, consensus building and innovation – we contend that conceptualising the Triple Helix from a process perspective will improve the dialogue between stakeholders and shareholders

A molecular dynamics simulation of polymer crystallization from oriented amorphous state

Molecular process of crystallization from an oriented amorphous state was reproduced by molecular dynamics simulation for a realistic polyethylene model. Initial oriented amorphous state was obtained by uniaxial drawing an isotropic glassy state at 100 K. By the temperature jump from 100 K to 330 K, there occurred the crystallization into the fiber structure, during the process of which we observed the developments of various order parameters. The real space image and its Fourier transform revealed that a hexagonally ordered domain was initially formed, and then highly ordered crystalline state with stacked lamellae developed after further adjustment of the relative heights of the chains along their axes.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Identification of the RNA recognition element of the RBPMS family of RNA-binding proteins and their transcriptome-wide mRNA targets

Recent studies implicated the RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS) family of proteins in oocyte, retinal ganglion cell, heart, and gastrointestinal smooth muscle development. These RNA-binding proteins contain a single RNA recognition motif (RRM), and their targets and molecular function have not yet been identified. We defined transcriptome-wide RNA targets using photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) in HEK293 cells, revealing exonic mature and intronic pre-mRNA binding sites, in agreement with the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of the proteins. Computational and biochemical approaches defined the RNA recognition element (RRE) as a tandem CAC trinucleotide motif separated by a variable spacer region. Similar to other mRNA-binding proteins, RBPMS family of proteins relocalized to cytoplasmic stress granules under oxidative stress conditions suggestive of a support function for mRNA localization in large and/or multinucleated cells where it is preferentially expressed

Gauge Theory on Fuzzy S^2 x S^2 and Regularization on Noncommutative R^4

We define U(n) gauge theory on fuzzy S^2_N x S^2_N as a multi-matrix model, which reduces to ordinary Yang-Mills theory on S^2 x S^2 in the commutative limit N -> infinity. The model can be used as a regularization of gauge theory on noncommutative R^4_\theta in a particular scaling limit, which is studied in detail. We also find topologically non-trivial U(1) solutions, which reduce to the known "fluxon" solutions in the limit of R^4_\theta, reproducing their full moduli space. Other solutions which can be interpreted as 2-dimensional branes are also found. The quantization of the model is defined non-perturbatively in terms of a path integral which is finite. A gauge-fixed BRST-invariant action is given as well. Fermions in the fundamental representation of the gauge group are included using a formulation based on SO(6), by defining a fuzzy Dirac operator which reduces to the standard Dirac operator on S^2 x S^2 in the commutative limit. The chirality operator and Weyl spinors are also introduced.Comment: 39 pages. V2-4: References added, typos fixe

Inferring Loop Invariants using Postconditions

One of the obstacles in automatic program proving is to obtain suitable loop invariants. The invariant of a loop is a weakened form of its postcondition (the loop's goal, also known as its contract); the present work takes advantage of this observation by using the postcondition as the basis for invariant inference, using various heuristics such as "uncoupling" which prove useful in many important algorithms. Thanks to these heuristics, the technique is able to infer invariants for a large variety of loop examples. We present the theory behind the technique, its implementation (freely available for download and currently relying on Microsoft Research's Boogie tool), and the results obtained.Comment: Slightly revised versio

One-dimensional quantum walk with unitary noise

The effect of unitary noise on the discrete one-dimensional quantum walk is studied using computer simulations. For the noiseless quantum walk, starting at the origin (n=0) at time t=0, the position distribution P-t(n) at time t is very different from the Gaussian distribution obtained for the classical random walk. Furthermore, its standard deviation, sigma(t) scales as sigma(t)similar tot, unlike the classical random walk for which sigma(t)similar toroott. It is shown that when the quantum walk is exposed to unitary noise, it exhibits a crossover from quantum behavior for short times to classical-like behavior for long times. The crossover time is found to be Tsimilar toalpha(-2), where alpha is the standard deviation of the noise