1,909 research outputs found
Best of Both Worlds â Relational Databases and Statistics
Statistics software packages and relational database systems possess
considerable overlap in the area of data loading, handling, and
transformation. However, only databases are mainly optimized
towards high performance in this area. In this paper, we present
our approach on bringing the best of these two worlds together.
We integrate the analytics-optimized database MonetDB and the R
environment for statistical computing in a non-obtrusive, transparent
and compatible way
Single polymer dynamics: coil-stretch transition in a random flow
By quantitative studies of statistics of polymer stretching in a random flow
and of a flow field we demonstrate that the stretching of polymer molecules in
a 3D random flow occurs rather sharply via the coil-stretch transition at the
value of the criterion close to theoretically predicted.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Hydrogen solubility in zirconium intermetallic second phase particles
The enthalpies of solution of H in Zr binary intermetallic compounds formed
with Cu, Cr, Fe, Mo, Ni, Nb, Sn and V were calculated by means of density
functional theory simulations and compared to that of H in {\alpha}-Zr. It is
predicted that all Zr-rich phases (formed with Cu, Fe, Ni and Sn), and those
phases formed with Nb and V, offer lower energy, more stable sites for H than
{\alpha}-Zr. Conversely, Mo and Cr containing phases do not provide
preferential solution sites for H. In all cases the most stable site for H are
those that offer the highest coordination fraction of Zr atoms. Often these are
four Zr tetrahedra but not always. Implications with respect to H-trapping
properties of commonly observed ternary phases such as Zr(Cr,Fe)2, Zr2(Fe,Ni)
and Zr(Nb,Fe)2 are also discussed.Comment: manuscript accepted for publication in Journal of Nuclear Materials
(2013
Hispanic College Students Library Experience
This study looks at undergraduate Hispanic studentsâ interpretations and current perceptions of the academic libraryâs purpose, usefulness and value. What are the reasons to use the library? What are the barriers to use? This study will examine academic librariesâ move toward electronic library materials and what it means for Hispanic students. The results of this study will help academic libraries at Hispanic Serving Institutions to better understand how they are currently being perceived and what they need to do to market themselves and their collections to better serve Hispanic students
The clock is ticking : temporally prioritizing eradications on islands
Funding Funding was awarded to Z.T.C. by the New Zealand Government through a New Zealand International Doctoral Research Scholarship. Funding was awarded to T.W.B. by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Marie SkĆodowska Curie Fellowship (Grant No. 747120). Funding was awarded to J.C.R. by the Royal Society of New Zealand Rutherford Discovery Fellowship (Grant No. RDF-UOA1404) and the BioHeritage National Science Challenge (Grant No. 1617-44-003). Additional supporting information may be found in the supplementary material of this article. The associated code and dataset are archived and are publicly available at the University of Auckland figshare database (https://doi.org/10.17608/k6.auckland.13542203.v1) and at GitHub (https://github.com/carterz2/temporalâislandâprioritization).Peer reviewedPostprin
Can electronic assessment tools improve the process of shared decision-making? A systematic review
Background:
Patient involvement in decision-making plays a prominent role in improving the quality of healthcare. Despite this, shared decision-making is not routinely implemented. However, electronic assessment tools that capture patientsâ history, symptoms, opinions and values prior to their medical appointment are used by healthcare professionals during patient consultations to facilitate shared decision-making.
Objective:
To assess the effectiveness of electronic assessment tools to improve the shared decision-making process.
Method:
A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Published literature was searched on MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO to identify potentially relevant studies. Data were extracted and analysed narratively.
Results:
Seventeen articles, representing 4004 participants, were included in this review. The main findings were significant improvement in patientâprovider communication and provider management of patient condition in the intervention group compared to the control group. In contrast, patientâprovider satisfaction and time efficiency were assessed by relatively few included studies, and the effects of these outcomes were inconclusive.
Conclusion:
This review found that communication and healthcare professionalâs management of a patientâs condition improves because of the use of electronic questionnaires. This is encouraging because the process of shared decision-making is reliant on high-quality communication between healthcare professionals and patients.
Implications:
We found that this intervention is especially important for people with chronic diseases, as they need to establish a long-term relationship with their healthcare provider and agree to a treatment plan that aligns with their values. More rigorous research with validated instruments is required
Stretching of polymers in a random three-dimensional flow
Behavior of a dilute polymer solution in a random three-dimensional flow with
an average shear is studied experimentally. Polymer contribution to the shear
stress is found to be more than two orders of magnitude higher than in a
laminar shear flow. The results indicate that the polymer molecules get
strongly stretched by the random motion of the fluid.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Stabilization of Hydrodynamic Flows by Small Viscosity Variations
Motivated by the large effect of turbulent drag reduction by minute
concentrations of polymers we study the effects of a weakly space-dependent
viscosity on the stability of hydrodynamic flows. In a recent Letter [Phys.
Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 174501, (2001)] we exposed the crucial role played by a
localized region where the energy of fluctuations is produced by interactions
with the mean flow (the "critical layer"). We showed that a layer of weakly
space-dependent viscosity placed near the critical layer can have a very large
stabilizing effect on hydrodynamic fluctuations, retarding significantly the
onset of turbulence. In this paper we extend these observation in two
directions: first we show that the strong stabilization of the primary
instability is also obtained when the viscosity profile is realistic (inferred
from simulations of turbulent flows with a small concentration of polymers).
Second, we analyze the secondary instability (around the time-dependent primary
instability) and find similar strong stabilization. Since the secondary
instability develops around a time-dependent solution and is three-dimensional,
this brings us closer to the turbulent case. We reiterate that the large effect
is {\em not} due to a modified dissipation (as is assumed in some theories of
drag reduction), but due to reduced energy intake from the mean flow to the
fluctuations. We propose that similar physics act in turbulent drag reduction.Comment: 10 pages, 17 figs., REVTeX4, PRE, submitte
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