Differences in expression profiles in malingant melanoma patients according to immunotherapy response

One of the most important branch of modern molecular genetics and biomedicine is the search for predictive markers that help choose the most effective way of treatment, drug and also determine its individual dosage. Among the markers, those that can provide the possibility of using a non­invasive, so­called “liquid biopsy” are considered particularly promising. This method allows the condition of the tumor to be assessed by analyzing the body’s natural fluids, such as blood, urine or saliva. Such studies are most convenient in those cases when it is necessary to monitor the effectiveness of therapy in order to record the time of the onset of resistance of tumor cells, the onset of relapse and to move on to the next line of therapy. In the treatment of aggressive and rapidly became metastatic malignant tumors, such as melanoma, the presence of reliable markers that allow quick and accurate determination of treatment tactics is especially important. Nowadays, there is an increasing number of studies devoted to the search for predictive markers of the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Melanoma is one of the most immunogenic tumors and, as a result, has become a model object for research into and introduction of new approaches to immunotherapy. In this study, we compared two groups of patients with metastatic skin melanoma, with different responses to immunotherapy with blockers of immune control points, to identify new predictive expression biomarkers among microRNAs and mRNAs, and to identify the genes responsible for the occurrence of an objective response to therapy. As a result, the study detected several microRNAs with a significant change in expression level within the tumor tissue of patients responding differently to immunotherapy. Differences in the level of expression of their target genes have also been found, that will allow a more detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms that determine the sensitivity or resistance of malignant melanoma cells to the immunotherapy. Based on the obtained data, we have proposed expression markers (mRNAs and microRNAs) that can be used as predictors of malignant melanoma tumors to immunotherapy

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

Draft genome sequence data of Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain GM, isolated from potato phyllosphere as a potential probiotic

Here we present the morphological and physiological properties of isolated Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain GM, its draft genome sequence as well as annotation and analysis of its genome. Initial analysis of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 16S rRNA gene analysis and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that the strain belongs to the species Lysinibacillus fusiformis. The 4,678,122 bp draft genome consist of 17 scaffolds encoding 4588 proteins and 137 RNAs. Annotation of the genome sequence revealed cellulase and protease encoding genes, genes of adhesion proteins and putative genes responsible for the biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites. The Whole Genome Shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession number NTMQ00000000.1 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NZ_NTMQ00000000.1). Keywords: Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Probiotic, Cellulase, Illumina MiSeq, In silico DNA-DNA hybridizatio