841 research outputs found
Factors encouraging foreign direct investment (FDI) in the wind and solar energy sector in an emerging country
This study bridges the current research gap by exploring the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the renewable energy sector in Bangladesh through the OLI and TCE theories. Based on semi-structured interviews with 13 experts, it investigates the determinants of firms' decision-making processes in the UK, Singapore, USA, Denmark, Thailand, China, and South Korea, conducting FDI in the renewable energy sector in Bangladesh. The results show that the institutional environment assumes the highest weight over macroeconomic and natural conditions for attracting FDI in Bangladesh's wind and solar energy projects. In the macro-economy, economic growth and access to local finance are important in attracting FDI. Contrarily, land availability assumes the highest importance for attracting FDI in the natural condition dimension
Lopsided Mass Matrices and Leptogenesis in SO(10) GUT
Lopsided structure in mass matrices of down quarks and leptons gives a simple
explanation for the observed large angles of neutrino mixings. We realize such
mass matrices by the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism in the framework of
supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory (GUT). It is shown that the model
can reproduce the successful mass matrices which have been obtained in SU(5)
models. Cosmological implication of the model is also discussed. We show that
the hybrid inflation occurs naturally in the model and it offers non-thermal
leptogenesis by decays of the next-to-lightest right-handed neutrinos. The
present baryon asymmetry is explained by just the oscillation mass scale in the
atmospheric neutrinos.Comment: 12 page
Expression of Interest: The Atmospheric Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE)
Submitted for the January 2014 Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee meetingSubmitted for the January 2014 Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee meetingSubmitted for the January 2014 Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee meetingSubmitted for the January 2014 Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee meetingNeutron tagging in Gadolinium-doped water may play a significant role in reducing backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos in next generation proton-decay searches using megaton-scale Water Cherenkov detectors. Similar techniques might also be useful in the detection of supernova neutrinos. Accurate determination of neutron tagging efficiencies will require a detailed understanding of the number of neutrons produced by neutrino interactions in water as a function of momentum transferred. We propose the Atmospheric Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE), designed to measure the neutron yield of atmospheric neutrino interactions in gadolinium-doped water. An innovative aspect of the ANNIE design is the use of precision timing to localize interaction vertices in the small fiducial volume of the detector. We propose to achieve this by using early production of LAPPDs (Large Area Picosecond Photodetectors). This experiment will be a first application of these devices demonstrating their feasibility for Water Cherenkov neutrino detectors
Expression of Interest: The Atmospheric Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE)
Neutron tagging in Gadolinium-doped water may play a significant role in
reducing backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos in next generation proton-decay
searches using megaton-scale Water Cherenkov detectors. Similar techniques
might also be useful in the detection of supernova neutrinos. Accurate
determination of neutron tagging efficiencies will require a detailed
understanding of the number of neutrons produced by neutrino interactions in
water as a function of momentum transferred. We propose the Atmospheric
Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE), designed to measure the
neutron yield of atmospheric neutrino interactions in gadolinium-doped water.
An innovative aspect of the ANNIE design is the use of precision timing to
localize interaction vertices in the small fiducial volume of the detector. We
propose to achieve this by using early production of LAPPDs (Large Area
Picosecond Photodetectors). This experiment will be a first application of
these devices demonstrating their feasibility for Water Cherenkov neutrino
detectors.Comment: Submitted for the January 2014 Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee
meetin
Status of atmospheric neutrino(mu)<-->neutrino(tau) oscillations and decoherence after the first K2K spectral data
We review the status of nu_mu-->nu_tau flavor transitions of atmospheric
neutrinos in the 92 kton-year data sample collected in the first phase of the
Super-Kamiokande (SK) experiment, in combination with the recent spectral data
from the KEK-to-Kamioka (K2K) accelerator experiment (including 29 single-ring
muon events). We consider a theoretical framework which embeds flavor
oscillations plus hypothetical decoherence effects, and where both standard
oscillations and pure decoherence represent limiting cases. It is found that
standard oscillations provide the best description of the SK+K2K data, and that
the associated mass-mixing parameters are determined at 1 sigma (and d.o.f.=1)
as: Delta m^2=(2.6 +- 0.4)x10^{-3} eV^2 and sin^2(2theta)=1.00+0.00-0.05. As
compared with standard oscillations, the case of pure decoherence is
disfavored, although it cannot be ruled out yet. In the general case,
additional decoherence effects in the nu_mu-->nu_tau channel do not improve the
fit to the SK and K2K data, and upper bounds can be placed on the associated
decoherence parameter. Such indications, presently dominated by SK, could be
strengthened by further K2K data, provided that the current spectral features
are confirmed with higher statistics. A detailed description of the statistical
analysis of SK and K2K data is also given, using the so-called ``pull''
approach to systematic uncertainties.Comment: 18 pages (RevTeX) + 12 figures (PostScript
Non-thermal Leptogenesis from the Heavier Majorana Neutrinos
We investigate a scheme for making leptogenesis by means of the CP violating
decays of the seesaw Majorana neutrinos proposed by Fukugita and Yanagida.
However, in order to avoid the wash-out of the produced lepton number we
propose the production of the Majorana neutrinos to occur non-thermally and
sufficiently late. After this time, in consequence, the B-L (baryon minus
lepton) quantum number becomes a good ``accidental symmetry'' protecting the
asymmetry produced. This non-thermal leptogenesis at late time is realized by a
boson decaying into the Majorana neutrinos with a long lifetime. Suggestively
this boson could correspond to a scalar field which causes the cosmic
inflation, the inflaton, and thus its decay means really the reheating of the
Universe. We find that this mechanism works well even if the lightest Majorana
neutrinos are not produced sufficiently or not present, and the decays of the
heavier seesaw Majorana neutrinos can be responsible to the baryon asymmetry in
the present Universe, as we illustrate by the example of the family replicated
gauge group model.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figure, Latex2e; section 5 modified, refs. adde
Solar neutrino results in Super-Kamiokande-III
The results of the third phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino
measurement are presented and compared to the first and second phase results.
With improved detector calibrations, a full detector simulation, and improved
analysis methods, the systematic uncertainty on the total neutrino flux is
estimated to be ?2.1%, which is about two thirds of the systematic uncertainty
for the first phase of Super-Kamiokande. The observed 8B solar flux in the 5.0
to 20 MeV total electron energy region is 2.32+/-0.04 (stat.)+/-0.05 (sys.)
*10^6 cm^-2sec^-1, in agreement with previous measurements. A combined
oscillation analysis is carried out using SK-I, II, and III data, and the
results are also combined with the results of other solar neutrino experiments.
The best-fit oscillation parameters are obtained to be sin^2 {\theta}12 =
0.30+0.02-0.01(tan^2 {\theta}12 = 0.42+0.04 -0.02) and {\Delta}m2_21 =
6.2+1.1-1.9 *10^-5eV^2. Combined with KamLAND results, the best-fit oscillation
parameters are found to be sin^2 {\theta}12 = 0.31+/-0.01(tan^2 {\theta}12 =
0.44+/-0.03) and {\Delta}m2_21 = 7.6?0.2*10^-5eV^2 . The 8B neutrino flux
obtained from global solar neutrino experiments is
5.3+/-0.2(stat.+sys.)*10^6cm^-2s^-1, while the 8B flux becomes
5.1+/-0.1(stat.+sys.)*10^6cm^-2s^-1 by adding KamLAND result. In a three-flavor
analysis combining all solar neutrino experiments, the upper limit of sin^2
{\theta}13 is 0.060 at 95% C.L.. After combination with KamLAND results, the
upper limit of sin^2 {\theta}13 is found to be 0.059 at 95% C.L..Comment: 19 pages, 33 figures in the main text. The appendix section on errata
is added in v
Self-shielding effect of a single phase liquid xenon detector for direct dark matter search
Liquid xenon is a suitable material for a dark matter search. For future
large scale experiments, single phase detectors are attractive due to their
simple configuration and scalability. However, in order to reduce backgrounds,
they need to fully rely on liquid xenon's self-shielding property. A prototype
detector was developed at Kamioka Observatory to establish vertex and energy
reconstruction methods and to demonstrate the self-shielding power against
gamma rays from outside of the detector. Sufficient self-shielding power for
future experiments was obtained.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
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