Modeling and real-time control of urban drainage systems: A review

Urban drainage systems (UDS) may be considered large-scale systems given their large number of associated states and decision actions, making challenging their real-time control (RTC) design. Moreover, the complexity of the dynamics of the UDS makes necessary the development of strategies for the control design. This paper reviews and discusses several techniques and strategies commonly used for the control of UDS. Moreover, the models to describe, simulate, and control the transport of wastewater in UDS are also reviewed.This work has been partially supported by Mexichem, Colombia through the project “Drenaje Urbano y Cambio Climático: Hacia los Sistemas de Alcantarillado del Futuro.” Fase II, with reference No. 548-2012, the scholarships of Colciencias No. 567-2012 and 647-2013, and the project ECOCIS (Ref. DPI2013-48243-C2-1-R).Peer Reviewe

On the modeling and real-time control of urban drainage systems: A survey

Trabajo presentado a la 11th International Conference on Hydroinformatics celebrada en New York (US) del 17 al 21 de agosto de 2014.Drainage networks are complex systems composed by several processes including recollection, transport, storing, treatment, and releasing the water to a receiving environment. The way Urban Drainage Systems (UDS) manage wastewater is through the convenient handling of active elements such as gates (redirection and/or retention), storing tanks, and pumping stations, when needed. Therefore, modeling and control of UDS basically consists in knowing and representing the (dynamical) behavior of these elements and managing them properly in order to achieve a given set of control objectives, such as minimization of flooding in streets or maximization of treated wastewater in the system. Given the large number of elements composing an UDS and the interaction between them, management and control strategies may depend on highly complex system models, which implies the explicit difficulty for designing real-time control (RTC) strategies. This paper makes a review of the models used to describe, simulate, and control UDS, proposes a revision of the techniques and strategies commonly used for the control UDS, and finally compares several control strategies based on a case study.This work has been partially supported by project N°548-2012 “Drenaje Urbano y Cambio Climático: Hacia los Sistemas de Alcantarillado del Futuro.”, Mexichem Colombia S.A, the scholarships of Colciencias N°567-2012 and 647-2013, and the EU Project EFFINET (FP7-ICT-2011-8-31855) and the DGR of Generalitat de Catalunya (SAC group Ref. 2009/SGR/1491).Peer Reviewe

On the modeling and real-time control of urban drainage systems: A survey

Drainage networks are complex systems composed by several processes including recollection, transport, storing, treatment, and releasing the water to a receiving environment. The way Urban Drainage Systems (UDS) manage wastewater is through the convenient handling of active elements such as gates (redirection and/or retention), storing tanks, and pumping stations, when needed. Therefore, modeling and control of UDS basically consists in knowing and representing the (dynamical) behavior of these elements and managing them properly in order to achieve a given set of control objectives, such as minimization of flooding in streets or maximization of treated wastewater in the system. Given the large number of elements composing an UDS and the interaction between them, management and control strategies may depend on highly complex system models, which implies the explicit difficulty for designing real-time control (RTC) strategies. This paper makes a review of the models used to describe, simulate, and control UDS, proposes a revision of the techniques and strategies commonly used for the control UDS, and finally compares several control strategies based on a case study.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

Modeling and real-time control of urban drainage systems : a review

Urban drainage systems (UDS) may be considered large–scale systems given their large number of associated states and decision actions, making challenging their real–time control (RTC) design. Moreover, the complexity of the dynamics of the UDS makes necessary the development of strategies for the control design. This paper reviews and discusses several techniques and strategies commonly used for the control of UDS. Moreover, the models to describe, simulate, and control the transport of wastewater in UDS are also reviewed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Teoría de operadores en sistemas dinámicos en red

gráficas, ilustraciones, tablasWe provide a data-driven synthesis framework for some complex systems. The proposed fra- mework relies on the linear operator theory involving the Koopman operator. Our first results employ Koopman-based lifting for the identification of linear models from the data both un- der the controlled and uncontrolled settings. Spectral analysis of Koopman and its adjoint Perron-Frobenius operator helps us identify the invariant structure and dominant modes for the reduced-order representation from the data. Our second result is a design methodology of a model-free and decentralized control strategy for interconnected systems. We provi- de a predictive control for decoupling the systems using the linear operator. Additionally, we address a distributed output regulation algorithm for the leader-follower heterogeneous multi-agent system with unknown leader dynamics. The leader modeling is learned through the Koopman operator and the regulator is developed using optimal control theory. Finally, we develop a technique using the Koopman operator to obtain a data-driven continuous-time optimization algorithm for solving constrained optimization problems using its connection with dynamical systems for numerical algorithms. (Text taken from source)En esta tesis proporcionamos un marco de síntesis basado en datos para algunos sistemas complejos. El marco propuesto se basa en la teoría del operador lineal que involucra al operador de Koopman. Nuestros primeros resultados emplean el espacio Koopman-lifted para la identificación de modelos lineales a partir de los datos, tanto en entornos controlados como no controlados. El análisis espectral de Koopman y su operador adjunto Perron-Frobenius nos ayuda a identificar la estructura invariante y los modos dominantes para la representación de orden reducido a partir de los datos. Nuestro segundo resultado es una metodología de diseño de una estrategia de control descentralizada y sin modelo para sistemas interconectados. Proporcionamos un control predictivo para el desacoplamiento de los sistemas mediante el operador lineal. Además, abordamos un algoritmo de regulación de salida distribuida para el sistema heterogéneo de múltiples agentes tipo líder-seguidor con una dinámica de líder desconocida. El modelo de líder se aprende a través del operador de Koopman y el regulador se desarrolla utilizando la teoría de control óptimo. Finalmente, desarrollamos una técnica utilizando el operador de Koopman para obtener un algoritmo de optimización de tiempo continuo basado en datos para resolver problemas de optimización restringida usando su conexión con sistemas dinámicos para algoritmos numéricos.DoctoradoDoctor en IngenieríaControl Distribuid

Perdida de oportunidad en responsabilidad médica

Dicha figura hace factible la atribución de responsabilidades jurídicas, no obstante ha sido motivo de controversia entre quienes le aceptan en virtud del principio constitucional de equidad y justicia material, y quienes en postura procesal indican que debe tenerse un debate probatorio en torno a las posibilidades eventualmente cercenadas con el "acto dañoso"Universidad Libre de Colombia- Facultad de Derecho- Maestría en Derecho ProcesalThe interest that motivates this research is to expose the presence of the figure of the opportunity cost as a cause of responsibility in events and in countless situations in which the subject could obtain an advantage or avoid the cost, but that opportunity is ruined by third party events. This phenomenon is known as “Opportunity Cost.” This figure occurs when, in an unexpected event between two or more parties directly affected by the situation that occurred, third parties unrelated to the event are involved and affected, indirectly, by losing the opportunity for an incomplete achievement, but the possibility of achieving it is lost due to the interference of the event, which may be a fortuitous event. The presence of this figure in the legal field as a procedural object of law capable of generating legal responsibilities, has been the cause of many controversies between those who accept it as a legally procedural object and those who see this figure as opportunism. Through the qualitative research methodology “Theoretical Study”, which involves an exhaustive bibliographical search of theories, doctrine and jurisprudence, the aim will be, first, to investigate the existence and legality of this figure and second, the analysis to some pronouncements of the high court’s regarding the opportunity cost in the field of health, specifically in the medical health service. As a result, it is expected to clarify whether there is uncertainty regarding the fact of not being able to establish the cause by which the expected benefit is not obtained or why compensation should be paid. In conclusion, a normative look is required to observe the due diligence in these cases

Moving horizon strategies for state estimation of networked control systems - an application to urban drainage

Magíster en Ingeniería Electrónica y de ComputadoresMaestrí

Implementation of an artificial neural network for the prediction of phase and amplitude asymmetries in the case of non-phonotraumatic hyperfunctional voices

Este trabajo busca determinar la arquitectura de red neuronal que pueda estimar las asimetrías de fase y amplitud en una voz NPVH, utilizando un modelo sintético para simular el movimiento del tracto vocal. El resultado será una red neuronal entrenada para predecir estas asimetrías, facilitando la detección de patologías de voz de manera no invasiva.This work aims to determine the neural network architecture that can estimate phase and amplitude asymmetries in an NPVH voice, using a synthetic model to simulate the movement of the vocal tract. The result will be a neural network trained to predict these asymmetries, facilitating the detection of voice pathologies in a non-invasive manner.Pregrad

Estudio cinético de una puzolana natural activada alcalinamente

Este trabajo de grado, desarrollado en el marco del proyecto PUZOGEOH, del Grupo Materiales Compuestos, describe el efecto del tamaño de partícula (20, 40 y 80 μm) en la cinética de geopolimerización de una puzolana natural (PN) activada alcalinamente y el correspondiente análisis microestructural de los productos generados. Para ello se aplicaron diversas técnicas instrumentales tales como Difracción de rayos X (DRX), Infrarrojo con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), Análisis Termogravimétrico (TGA) y Calorimetría Isotérmica (CI). PN fue activada alcalinamente, a 25 °C y a 70 °C, con soluciones basadas en mezclas de Silicato de sodio e hidróxido de sodio. Se realizaron ataques químicos selectivos y con la ayuda de FTIR se calcularon los grados amorficidad y de reacción de la puzolana y los sistemas geopoliméricos respectivamente, los cuales presentaron una relación inversa con el tamaño de partícula cuando se trabaja en los rangos establecidos en esta investigación. Complementariamente se evaluó el tiempo de fraguado y la resistencia a comprensión, esta última a edades de curado de 7, 28, 90 y 120 días.PregradoINGENIERO(A) DE MATERIALE

On the modeling and real-time control of urban drainage systems: A survey

Drainage networks are complex systems composed by several processes including recollection, transport, storing, treatment, and releasing the water to a receiving environment. The way Urban Drainage Systems (UDS) manage wastewater is through the convenient handling of active elements such as gates (redirection and/or retention), storing tanks, and pumping stations, when needed. Therefore, modeling and control of UDS basically consists in knowing and representing the (dynamical) behavior of these elements and managing them properly in order to achieve a given set of control objectives, such as minimization of flooding in streets or maximization of treated wastewater in the system. Given the large number of elements composing an UDS and the interaction between them, management and control strategies may depend on highly complex system models, which implies the explicit difficulty for designing real-time control (RTC) strategies. This paper makes a review of the models used to describe, simulate, and control UDS, proposes a revision of the techniques and strategies commonly used for the control UDS, and finally compares several control strategies based on a case study.Peer Reviewe