Pain expression in different laboratory animal species

No abstract availabl

Acid-base status and cardiovascular function in pigs anaesthetized with α-chloralose

Respiratory and cardiovascular parameters were examined in 47 pigs anaesthetized with α-chloralose 0.25% (100 mg/kg i.v.). Animals maintained under spontaneous respiration had a stable but subnormal arterial blood pressure. Heart rate was within the normal range. Respiration was depressed, causing elevated pCO2 and respiratory acidosis.Artificial ventilation with a minute volume of 0.15 1 per kg body weight normalized both cardiovascular and respiratory parameters.In conclusion α-chloralose can be considered valuable for maintaining anaesthesia in pigs during acute, non-survival experiments demanding minimal cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbance, but only where artificial ventilation is used

Acid-base status and cardiovascular function in pigs and rats anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose and nitrous oxide

Alpha~chloralose possesses distinct advantages in certain types of experiments, i.e. in cardiovascular and gastrointestinal research, The compound, however, has limited - if any - analgetic effect, and surgery can only be performed if additional analgesic drugs are administered. In the present study pigs and rats were anaesthetized with a combination of alpha-chloralose and nitrous oxide. A satisfactory surgical anaesthesia could be achieved in pigs using this method, whereas the dose required to obtain surgical anaesthesia in rats caused severe depression of the cardiovascular system. Moreover, a combined metabolic and dilutien acidosis was seen in the rat

Entero-Hepatotropic Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection in Nude Mouse

No abstract availabl

An animal model for the study of pancreatico-biliary and duodenal secretion

A description is given of the surgical preparation of a porcine model for the simultaneous study of the secretory activity of the liver, the pancreas, and the duodenal mucosa. Special emphasis has been given to major and minor complications.The various appllcations of the model are evaluated

Hepatic p-nitrophenetole O-deethylation Activity in Mice depends on Diet Composition

The present study investigated effects of various commercial diets, of protein and of fat 1evels in semisynthetic diets, and of fiber content and type on hepatic O-deethylation of p-nitrophenetole in mice. A high fat content increased and a high fiber content decreased the hepatic p-nitrophenetole O-deethylation activity. The activity in mice kept on different commercial feedings differed significantly. The level of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 activity affects the toxicity of many compounds. Thus, standardization of commercial feeds for experimental animals used in toxicological and pharmacological studies is needed to avoid the potential risk of misleading conclusions

Xylose-positive staphylococci as a cause of respiratory disease in immunosuppressed rats

A severe outbreak of respiratory disease was diagnosed during a long—term toxicity study of Cyclosporine A in Sprague Dawley rats. Only rats closed orally with cyclosporine A fell ill, whereas no control animals contracted the disease. The causative agent was found to be Staphylococcus xylosus, a normal inhabitant the the respiratory tract of rats. Under normal conditions this organism is not pathogenic. In the case of immunocompromised animals, however, Staphylococcus xylosus was able to cause disease. The severity of the outbreak could be explained by insufficient hygienic procedures when closing the animals with a common stomach tube