Another Hurdle to Habeas: The Streamlined Procedures Act

This report describes how the system may be exposed to oscillations and how this can lead to resonance. Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when a system is affected by external periodic oscillations with frequencies close to the system's natural frequencies. Structures subjected to resonance can risk great damage and destruction, why resonance is something that is important to take into account when designing structures. Alternative ways to counteract resonance is to supply damping in the system. Damping means that the resonance decreases instead of letting the amplitude increase.The report discusses some examples on constructions that have experienced the effect of resonance. The control tower in Stockholm's Arlanda Airport was swaying so much that water tanks had to be installed as resonance dampers, where the water swung in opposite phase compared to the tower. The oscillations probably started due to the fact that the tower was too lightweight in relation to its height. Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington, USA, oscillated in the amount that the bridge collapsed. The reason was that the bridge weighed too little to withstand the strong wind forces. The stadium Ullevi in Gothenburg had to be strengthened due to the fact that a jumping crowd during a concert caused resonance oscillations which endangered parts of the construction. After the concert, beams with decent damping attributes were installed against the rooftops to reduce the risk of damage to these. Broughtons Suspension Bridge in Britain fell apart when soldiers marched in step and in this way contributed to the oscillations of the bridge. The bridge also had structural parts whose strength was not sufficient

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity I: General issues and specific studies

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. In addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, volume one contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia. This volume is complemented by volume two, which consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity

Drug resistance testing through remote genotyping and predicted treatment options in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected Tanzanian subjects failing first or second line antiretroviral therapy

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been successfully introduced in low-middle income countries. However an increasing rate of ART failure with resistant virus is reported. We therefore described the pattern of drug resistance mutations at antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in a real-life Tanzanian setting using the remote genotyping procedure and thereafter predicted future treatment options using rule-based algorithm and the EuResist bioinformatics predictive engine. According to national guidelines, the default first-line regimen is tenofovir + lamivudine + efavirenz, but variations including nevirapine, stavudine or emtricitabine can be considered. If failure on first-line ART occurs, a combination of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and boosted lopinavir or atazanavir is recommended

Temaarbete i förskolan – en kvalitativ jämförelse mellan Reggio Emilia-förskolor och traditionella förskolor

Arbetets titel: Temaarbete i förskolan – en kvalitativ jämförelse mellan Reggio Emilia-förskolor och traditionella förskolor Arbetets art: Examensarbete inom det allmänna utbildningsområdet för lärarutbildningen vid Göteborgs Universitet. Institution: Högskolan för scen och musik Sidantal: 35 Författare: Jenny Adamsson och Gabriella Svärd Handledare: Karin Eriksson Examinator: Tidpunkt: Vårterminen 2006 Rapportnummer: Nyckelord: Temaarbete, förskola, pedagoger, Reggio Emilia. Bakgrund: Vi har tidigare varit i kontakt med temaarbete, bland annat under vår VFU. Då vi nu har fått varsin förskollärartjänst och är medvetna om att vår arbetsplats arbetar mycket med temaarbete, ansåg vi det angeläget att fördjupa oss i detta arbetssätt. Syfte: Syftet med vår studie var att ta reda på hur pedagoger i förskolan förhåller sig till det tematiska arbetssättet. Vi ville undersöka hur de arbetar och se vilka fördelar respektive nackdelar det finns med detta arbetssätt. Vi jämförde personal på Reggio Emilia-inspirerade förskolor med personal på ”traditionella” förskolor för att se om det är någon skillnad i deras sätt arbeta tematiskt. Våra frågeställningar var: Hur arbetar man tematiskt i förskolan? Varför väljer pedagogerna att arbeta tematiskt? och Har barnen möjlighet att påverka valet av tema samt temats riktning? Metod och material: För att få svar på våra frågeställningar har vi främst använt oss av kvalitativa intervjuer, då vi ansåg att denna metod var bäst lämpad för en undersökning av detta slag. Vi har även tagit del av relevant litteratur för vår studie. Sex informanter, tre på traditionella förskolor och tre på Reggio Emilia-inspirerade förskolor, har intervjuats om deras förhållningssätt till tematiskt arbete. Efter bearbetning av det insamlade materialet gjordes en jämförelse mellan de traditionella pedagogernas och Reggio Emilia-pedagogernas förhållningssätt till temaarbete. Resultat: I vår studie har vi kommit fram till att det finns fler skillnader än likheter mellan pedagogernas förhållningssätt till temaarbete i traditionella förskolor jämfört med Reggio Emilia-insprierade förskolor. De främsta skillnaderna är temaarbetets längd samt barnens inflytande vid val av tema och temats riktning. De likheter som fanns var hur ett tema startas upp respektive avslutas samt hur pedagogerna dokumenterar och utvärderar temat