Quantum Annealing Effect on Entropic Slowing Down in Frustrated Decorated Bond System

We propose that the importance of the quantum annealing procedure to find the ground state of frustrated decorated bond systems where 'entropic slowing down' happens due to peculiar density of states. Here, we use the time dependent Schr\"odinger equation to analyze the real time dynamics of the process. It is found that the quantum annealing is very efficient comparing to the thermal annealing for searching the ground state of the systems. We analyze the mechanism of quantum annealing from a view point of adiabatic process.Comment: 2 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of ICM200

On the dynamics in the AdS/BCFT correspondence

We consider a perturbation of the Einstein gravity with the Neumann boundary condition, which is regarded as an end of the world brane (ETW brane) of the AdS/BCFT correspondence, in the AdSd+1 spacetime with d ≥ 3. We obtain the mode expansion of the perturbations explicitly for the tensionless ETW brane case. We also show that the energy-momentum tensor in a d-dimensional BCFT should satisfy nontrivial constraints other than the ones for the boundary conformal symmetry if the BCFT can couple to a d-dimensional gravity with a specific boundary condition, which can be the Neumann or the conformally Dirichlet boundary conditions. We find these constraints are indeed satisfied for the free scalar BCFT. For the BCFT in the AdS/BCFT, we find that the BCFT can couple to the gravity with the Neumann boundary condition for the tensionless brane, but the BCFT can couple to the gravity with the conformally Dirichlet boundary condition for the nonzero tension brane by using holographic relations

Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester Using Polyvinylidene Difluoride Film Formed by Bar-Coating Method and Its Spray- Coating Method on a Three Dimensional Surface

A cantilever-type vibration energy harvester (VEH) made of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) was fabricated and characterized. PVDF is one of the polymer piezoelectric materials, which is more flexible than ceramic-based piezoelectric materials such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The fabrication process of VEH is as follows: a PVDF film was coated on a phosphor bronze plate by bar-coating method, followed by polarization by corona discharge method. Aluminum top electrode was deposited on the PVDF film by sputtering. One end of the plate was clamped by a fixture to form a cantilever, the length of which is 25 mm. Output power P at the resonance frequency (=55 Hz) was measured as a function of load resistance R with the acceleration set at 17 m/s2. Maximum output reached 4.3 μW at R = 2.1 MΩ. This result is not inferior compared with other reported VEHs using ceramic piezoelectric material. Spray coating was carried out to form PVDF film on a 3D surface. This method is suitable for fabricating a uniform thin film on a three-dimensional (3D) surface, even if it is complicatedly curved. In this study, PVDF film was formed on a 3D helical compressing spring, and the deposition on it was successfully achieved

Lifecycle management of orphan drugs approved in Japan

[Background] The development of orphan drugs (ODs) is challenging from both development and business perspectives because of their small patient populations. To overcome such business challenges, lifecycle management (LCM), which maximizes profits by increasing sales and extending product lifetimes, is important to overcome the business challenges arising from their small patient populations. To clarify the activities of the LCM of ODs, we investigated additional indications that contribute to market expansion and marketing exclusivity using the patent extension and re-examination system of ODs approved in Japan between 2004 and 2019. [Results] The 203 ODs consisting of 173 active ingredients were approved in Japan between 2004 and 2019. Sixty-eight (39%) of the 173 active ingredients have additional indications, of which 57 have at least one non-OD indication. Three-fourths of the 203 ODs had patent rights, and most of them included substance or use claims. Although the re-examination period for most ODs was 10 years after the approval, most patents had a longer duration than the re-examination period. [Conclusions] Pharmaceutical companies were actively adding non-OD indications and were emphasizing the use of patent rights by registering extensions of substance or use patents for exclusive marketing periods. These results indicate that LCM through the addition of indications and registration of patent extensions is carried out as a strategy for many ODs in Japan, similar to the LCM of general non-ODs

Non-Adiabatic Transition in Spin-Boson Model and Generalization of the Landau-Zener Formula

Non-adiabatic transitions are studied in a spin-boson model with multiple scattering points. In order to generalize the Landau-Zener formula, which describes the case of a single scattering point, we define an ``effective gap'' for a set of scattering points. The generalized formula agrees very well with numerical results of the non-adiabatic dynamics, which we obtained by a direct numerical method. This will make the Landau-Zener formula yet more useful in analyzing experimental data of magnetic-moment inversion.Comment: 17 pages, 18 figure

Brain Abscess as a Rare Complication of Primary Extranodal Nasal-type Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma

We present the case of a 58-year-old Japanese woman with a natural killer T (NK/T)-cell lymphoma complicated by brain abscess. NK/T-cell lymphomas represent a rare type of lymphoma derived from either activated NK cells or, rarely, cytotoxic T cells. They are aggressive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas that involve mainly the nasal cavity. Brain abscess associated with primary extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma is extremely uncommon: to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of this lymphoma with brain abscess as the initial clinical manifestation. Endoscopic surgery was performed for definitive diagnosis under intraoperative navigation system. Chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy was performed and was effective: 72 months later the tumor has not recurred. Recommendations of endoscopic management for diagnosis and treatment of this rare neoplasm are discussed