Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Pengelolaan Kegiatan Reading Champ melalui Penerapan Supervisi Kepala Sekolah di SD Inpres Iligetang

Pelaksanaan reading champ di SD Inpres Iligetang oleh guru belum mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap kemampuan membaca anak dimana masih sebagian besar anak yang belum mampu membaca. Solusi dari masalah ini adalah pelaksanaan supervisi kepala sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam pengelolaan reading champ melalui penerapan supervisi kepala sekolah di SD Inpres Iligetang. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian tindakan sekolah, dengan subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam pengelolaan kegiatan reading champ, dimana pada siklus I, presentasi skor perolehan pelaksanaan kegiatan reading champ sebesar 57,14%; peran guru dalam kegiatan reading champ sebesar 100%; dan nilai hasil kegiatan reading champ siswa 43% (31 siswa yang tuntas). Sedangkan pada siklus II, presentasi skor perolehan pelaksanaan kegiatan reading champ sebesar 92%; peran guru dalam kegiatan reading champ sebesar 100%; dan nilai hasil kegiatan reading champ siswa 93,05% (67 siswa yang tuntas). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan melaksanakan supervisi oleh kepala sekolah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam melakukan pengelolaam reading champ

Trends in maternal mortality in Suriname: 3 confidential enquiries in 3 decades

BACKGROUND: The Sustainable Development Goal target 3.1 aims to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births. Great disparities reported in maternal mortality ratio between and within countries make this target unachievable. To gain more insight into such disparities and to monitor and describe trends, confidential enquiries into maternal deaths are crucial. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the trend in maternal mortality ratio, causes, delay in access and quality of care, and “lessons learned” in Suriname, over almost 3 decades with 3 confidential enquiries into maternal deaths and provide recommendations to prevent maternal deaths. STUDY DESIGN: The third national confidential enquiry into maternal deaths was conducted between 2015 and 2019 in Suriname by prospective, population-based surveillance and multidisciplinary systematic maternal death review. Subsequently, a comparative analysis with previous confidential enquiry into maternal deaths was performed: confidential enquiry into maternal deaths I (a prospective study, 1991–1993) and confidential enquiry into maternal deaths II (a retrospective study, 2010–2014). RESULTS: We identified 62 maternal deaths and recorded 48,881 live births (maternal mortality ratio, 127/100,000 live births) between 2015-2019. Of the women who died, 14 of 62 (23%) were in poor condition when entering a health facility, whereas 11 of 62 (18%) died at home or during transportation. The maternal mortality ratio decreased over the years, (226 [n=64]; 130 [n=65]; and 127 [n=62]), with underreporting rates of 62%, 26%, and 24%, respectively in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths I, II and III. Of the women deceased, 36 (56%), 37 (57%), and 40 (63%) were of African descent; 46 (72%), 45 (69%), and 47 (76%) died after birth; and 47 (73%), 55 (84%), and 48 (77%) died in the hospital, respectively, in confidential enquiries into maternal deaths I, II, and III. Significantly more women were uninsured in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths III (15 of 59 [25%,]) than in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths II (0%) and I (6 of 64 [9%]). Obstetrical hemorrhage was less often the underlying cause of death over the years (19 of 64 [30%], vs 13 of 65 [20%], vs 7 of 62 [11%]), whereas all other obstetrical causes occurred more often in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths III (eg, suicide [0; 1 of 65 (2%); 5 of 62 (8%)]) and unspecified deaths (1 of 64 [2%]; 3 of 65 [5%]; and 11 of 62 [18%] in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths I, II and III respectively). Maternal deaths were preventable in nearly half of the cases in confidential enquiry into maternal deaths II (28 of 65) and III (29 of 62). Delay in quality of care occurred in at least two-thirds of cases (41 of 62 [65%], 47 of 59 [80%], and 47 of 61 [77%]) over the years. CONCLUSION: Suriname's maternal mortality rate has decreased throughout the past 3 decades, yet the trend is too slow to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 3.1. Preventable maternal deaths can be reduced by ensuring high-quality facility-based obstetrical and postpartum care, universal access to care especially for vulnerable women (of African descent and low socioeconomic class), and by addressing specific underlying causes of maternal deaths

Novel strategies lead to pre-elimination of malaria in previously high-risk areas in Suriname, South America

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Suriname was a high malaria risk country before the introduction of a new five-year malaria control program in 2005, the Medical Mission Malaria Programme (MM-MP). Malaria was endemic in the forested interior, where especially the stabile village communities were affected.</p> <p>Case description</p> <p>The interventions of the MM-MP included new strategies for prevention, vector control, case management, behavioral change communication (BCC)/information, education and communication (IEC), and strengthening of the health system (surveillance, monitoring and evaluation and epidemic detection system). After a slow first year with non-satisfying scores for the performance indicators, the MM-MP truly engaged in its intervention activities in 2006 and kept its performance up until the end of 2009. A total of 69,994 long-lasting insecticide-treated nets were distributed and more than 15,000 nets re-impregnated. In high-risk areas, this was complemented with residual spraying of insecticides. Over 10,000 people were screened with active case detection in outbreak and high-risk areas. Additional notification points were established and the national health system was strengthened.</p> <p>Discussion and evaluation</p> <p>In the current paper, the MM-MP is evaluated both on account of the targets established within the programme and on account of its impact on the malaria situation in Suriname. Malaria vector populations, monitored in sentinel sites, collapsed after 2006 and concurrently the number of national malaria cases decreased from 8,618 in 2005 to 1,509 in 2009. Malaria transmission risk shifted from the stabile village communities to the mobile gold mining communities, especially those along the French Guiana border.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The novel strategies for malaria control introduced in Suriname within the MM-MP have led to a significant decrease in the national malaria burden. The challenge is to further reduce malaria using the available strategies as appropriate in the affected areas and populations. Elimination of malaria in the country will require a thorough understanding of transmission dynamics and a dedicated investment in key effective interventions.</p

Gouvernementsblad van Suriname.

Mode of access: Internet

Uit Suriname's historie. Ifitgegeben op 1 julj 1963 door de Surinaamse Historische Kring met medewerking van de Nederlandse Stichting voor culturele samenwerking met Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen.

OPLADEN-RUG0

Suriname, Schaal 1:200 000 [cartographic material] /

Topographic maps of Suriname with relief shown by contours and spot heights.; Sheets of various eds.; Prime meridian: Greenwich.; In lower right margin of some maps: Druk Topograpfische Dienst, E67016

Suriname census 2012

OCLC: 91364723

Technologische keuze : achtergronden en de sociaal-ekonomische gevolgen.

SAG