UNVEILING THE LIFE OF PURDAHNASHINS: A STUDY OF MUSLIM WOMEN STRUGGLE IN INDIA FOR IDENTITY AND GENDER JUSTICE IN ANEES JUNG’S WORK NIGHT OF THE NEW MOON

This paper attempts to examine through Anees Jung’s work Night of the New Moon, those socio-cultural and religious practices which through interpretation or (mis)interpretation by the patriarchal Muslim community, have kept women at a subjugated position since time immemorial. It also attempts to look beyond the veiled faces of Muslim women, and to peep into their lives in order to bring to the forefront their stories of pain and struggle that they have silently been suffering from, due to their degraded status, lack of individuality and justice in their family and community in particular and society at large. This would be done by bringing forth their unheard voices through the narratives of the Muslim women that Anees Jung have recorded during her interviews with them, in various parts of India. Apart from this, the paper would also ponder over the struggle that Muslim women are fighting to regain their lost identity, position, rights and justice in society so that they can be uplifted and emancipated and their problems can be resolved for a better and more prosperous future of our country

A Study to Correlate Endometrial Hyperplasia with Ovarian Stromal Change

Background: Endometrial hyperplasia in peri-menopausal age group is frequently encountered as a result of unopposed excess estrogen action, exact source of which is still debatable. Possible source is ovarian stroma. There must be some subtle changes in ovarian stroma to produce excess estrogen in such states. This study was performed to provide new insights into the various patterns of subtle ovarian stromal changes and its relation to morphological alteration of endometrial glands and stroma.Methods: 62 women in peri-menopausal age group, diagnosed as endometrial hyperplasia on uterine curettage and unresponsive to conventional therapy, treated by total hysterectomy with unilateral/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, were chosen randomly. Serial step sections of endometrial biopsies were examined by routine microscopy. Endometrial hyperplasia was classified following the current WHO classification. The sections from the ovary were examined for changes in the ovarian stroma.Results: Out of the 62 total cases having endometrial hyperplasia, 53 cases (83.5%) had one or more subtle ovarian stromal changes and 9 cases (14.5%) lacked the ovarian stromal changes. Out of the 50 cases without endometrial hyperplasia, only eight had subtle ovarian changes. In the 53 cases, which showed ovarian stromal changes, the changes were found in combination and variable proportions.Conclusion: Ovarian stromal changes were significantly associated with endometrial hyperplasia

Any Two Qubit State Has Non Zero Quantum Discord Under Global Unitary Operations

Quantum discord is significant in analyzing quantum nonclassicality beyond the paradigm of entanglement. Presently we have explored the effectiveness of global unitary operations in manifesting quantum discord from a general two qubit zero discord state. Apart from the emergence of some obvious concepts such as absolute classical-quantum, absolute quantum-classical states, more interestingly, it is observed that set of states characterized by absoluteness contains only maximally mixed state. Consequently this marks the peak of effectiveness of global unitary operations in purview of manifesting nonclassicality from arbitrary two qubit state when other standard methods fail to do so. Set of effective global unitaries has been provided in this context. Our observations have direct implications in remote state preparation task.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur

Salivary Metabolomics for Oral Precancerous Lesions: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity, primarily associated with the consumption of areca nut products and other risk factors. Early and accurate diagnosis of OSMF is crucial to prevent its progression to oral cancer. In recent years, the field of metabolomics has gained momentum as a promising approach for disease detection and monitoring. Salivary metabolomics, a non-invasive and easily accessible diagnostic tool, has shown potential in identifying biomarkers associated with various oral diseases, including OSMF. This review synthesizes current literature on the application of salivary metabolomics in the context of OSMF detection. The review encompasses a comprehensive analysis of studies conducted over the past decade, highlighting advancements in analytical techniques, metabolomic profiling, and identified biomarkers linked to OSMF progression. The primary objective of this review is to provide a critical assessment of the feasibility and reliability of salivary metabolomics as a diagnostic tool for OSMF, along with its potential to differentiate OSMF from other oral disorders. In conclusion, salivary metabolomics holds great promise in revolutionizing OSMF detection through the identification of reliable biomarkers and the development of robust diagnostic models. However, challenges such as sample variability, validation of biomarkers, and standardization need to be addressed before its widespread clinical implementation. This review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the current status, challenges, and future directions of salivary metabolomics in the realm of OSMF detection, emphasizing its potential impact on early intervention and improved patient outcomes

Increased matrix metalloproteinase activation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) are usually asymptomatic and go undetected until they are incurable. Cytological screening is one strategy to detect ESCC at an early stage and has shown promise in previous studies, although improvement in sensitivity and specificity are needed. Proteases modulate cancer progression by facilitating tumor invasion and metastasis. In the current study, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were studied in a search for new early detection markers for ESCC.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Protein expression levels of MMPs were measured using zymography in 24 cases of paired normal esophagus and ESCC, and in the tumor-associated stroma and tumor epithelium in one sample after laser capture microdissection (LCM). MMP-3 and MMP-10 transcripts in both the epithelium and stroma in five cases were further analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Gelatin zymography showed bands corresponding in size to MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-10 enzymes in each of the 24 cancer cases. MMP levels tended to be higher in tumors than paired normal tissue; however, only the 45 kDa band that corresponds to the activated form of MMP-3 and MMP-10 was strongly expressed in all 24 tumors with little or no expression in the paired normal foci. LCM-based analysis showed the 45 kDA band to be present in both the stromal and epithelial components of the tumor microenvironment, and that MMP-3 and MMP-10 mRNA levels were higher in tumors than paired normal tissues for each compartment.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Increased levels of MMPs occur in ESCC suggesting their up-regulation is important in esophageal tumorigenesis. The up-regulated gene products have the potential to serve as early detection markers in the clinic.</p

A practical perspective on the potential of rechargeable Mg batteries

Emerging energy storage systems based on abundant and cost-effective materials are key to overcome the global energy and climate crisis of the 21st century. Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries (RMB), based on Earth-abundant magnesium, can provide a cheap and environmentally responsible alternative to the benchmark Li-ion technology, especially for large energy storage applications. Currently, RMB technology is the subject of intense research efforts at laboratory scale. However, these emerging approaches must be placed in a real-world perspective to ensure that they satisfy key technological requirements. In an attempt to bridge the gap between laboratory advancements and industrial development demands, herein, we report the first non-aqueous multilayer RMB pouch cell prototypes and propose a roadmap for a new advanced RMB chemistry. Through this work, we aim to show the great unrealized potential of RMBs.This work was funded by European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the FET Proactive call with grant agreement no 824066 via the “E-MAGIC” project

A practical perspective on the potential of rechargeable Mg batteries

Emerging energy storage systems based on abundant and cost-effective materials are key to overcome the global energy and climate crisis of the 21st century. Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries (RMB), based on Earth-abundant magnesium, can provide a cheap and environmentally responsible alternative to the benchmark Li-ion technology, especially for large energy storage applications. Currently, RMB technology is the subject of intense research efforts at laboratory scale. However, these emerging approaches must be placed in a real-world perspective to ensure that they satisfy key technological requirements. In an attempt to bridge the gap between laboratory advancements and industrial development demands, herein, we report the first non-aqueous multilayer RMB pouch cell prototypes and propose a roadmap for a new advanced RMB chemistry. Through this work, we aim to show the great unrealized potential of RMBs

Narrating the Unsaid-A Study of Urvashi Butalia’s The Other Side of Silence Voices from the Partition of India

Urvashi Butalia, in her work The Other Side of Silence: Voices from the Partition of India has made a novel attempt to break free of the hegemony of the historical records by the early historians. She has gone beyond the abstract ideas of nationalism and the patriarchal depictions of sufferings to bring forth through her expression the pain, emotions and unheard voices of the victims of the Partition. Her work focuses on how these voices, which are all oral narratives, offer a different and extremely important perspective on history-a perspective which, she contends, enriches history. According to Butalia, these oral narratives play an important part in doing away with the politics of history and the fixed discourses which govern our minds. Her work focuses on how the influences of culture, tradition and general organization of the society constrain and limit women’s freedom. Honor, tradition, religion are pointed out as the main stumbling blocks on the road to the freedom of women. The author has dealt extensively with women’s conditions, strongly criticizing the earlier versions of history for the lack of presence of women. The article explores how Butalia’s work highlights the issues mentioned above, and attempts to complete the incomplete picture of Partition

Regulation of Cellobiase Secretion in Termitomyces clypeatus by Co-Aggregation with Sucrase

Regulated secretory proteins are sorted via selective co-aggregation in eukaryotes. Cellobiase (C) of the filamentous fungus Termitomyces clypeatus remained co-aggregated with sucrase (S), and only one isoform of each of the enzymes was present in intra- and extracellular extracts. Kinetics of secretion of sucrase increased in vivo and in vitro in secreting (Sc) medium and decreased under non-secreting (NSc) conditions similar to those observed for cellobiase. In the Sc condition, total enzyme production and activity ratios of cellobiase and sucrase (C/S) in cell-bound, extra- and intracellular preparations increased with time and were significantly higher from those obtained in non-secretory media. It was concluded that secretion of sucrase in culture medium is under same cellular regulation as that of cellobiase, and sucrase is involved in regulating extracellular release of cellobiase through co-aggregation in the fungus