Finite size scaling and first order phase transition in a modified XY-model

Monte Carlo simulation has been performed in a two-dimensional modified XY-model first proposed by Domany et. al [E. Domany, M. Schick and R. H. Swendsen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1535 (1984)]. The cluster algorithm of Wolff has been used and multiple histogram reweighting is performed. The first order scaling behavior of the quantities like specific heat, order parameter susceptibility and free energy barrier are found to be obeyed accurately. While the lowest order correlation function was found to decay to zero at long distance just above the transition, the next higher order correlation function shows a non-zero plateau.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Role of topological defects in the phase transition of modified XY model : A Monte Carlo study

Monte Carlo simulation has been performed on a classical two dimensional XY- model with a modified form of interaction potential to investigate the role of topological defects on the phase transition exhibited by the model. In simulations in a restricted ensemble without defects, the system appears to remain ordered at all temperatures. Suppression of topological defects on the square plaquettes in the modified XY- model leads to complete elimination of the phase transition observed in this model.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PREGNANCIES COMPLICATED WITH PRE-ECLAMPSIA OR HELLP SYNDROME: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Background This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and its clinical characteristics and outcomes among pregnant women in the Indian state of Bihar with pre-eclampsia or Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelet (HELLP) syndrome. Methods A retrospective unit study was conducted at tertiary care facilities in Bihar on women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia or HELLP syndrome during pregnancy. All the gathered data, including demographic information, obstetric history, test results, and maternal and foetal outcomes, originated from medical records. A statistical analysis was conducted on the incidence rates of AKI and the associated risk variables. Results One hundred pregnant women participated in this study, in which 15% of pregnant participants with pre-eclampsia or HELLP syndrome, suffered with acute kidney damage. Acute kidney damage risk factors include maternal age over 35, first-time pregnancy, severe hypertension, and delayed antihypertensive drug initiation. Acute renal injury caused respiratory distress, pulmonary oedema, and dialysis in mothers. AKI-compromised pregnancies exhibited more significant rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and perinatal mortality. Conclusion Pregnant women in Bihar with pre-eclampsia or HELLP syndrome have a significant rate of AKI. First, identify risk variables and then quickly apply management techniques to avoid and control AKI in this population. Prenatal care, regular blood pressure monitoring, and early antihypertensive treatment are crucial to lowering AKI prevalence and severity. Recommendation For improved management of AKI in expectant women with pre-eclampsia or HELLP syndrome, blood pressure and urine protein levels should be routinely monitored as part of prenatal care. Protect against AKI by initiating antihypertensive treatment promptly and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration for the overall management of high-risk pregnancies. Promote research and surveillance to evaluate and improve current AKI preventive measures, and establish long-term follow-up programmes to assess postpartum kidney health

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON ASSOCIATION/CORRELATION OF SERUM LACTATE LEVEL AT ADMISSION OF SEVERE PRE-ECLAMPSIA WITH MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS.

Background This study aimed to determine whether severe pre-eclampsia is associated with an increased risk of birth-related complications based on serum lactate levels determined at hospital admission and to find potential markers that could be used to predict the occurrence of complications in pregnant women previously diagnosed with severe pre-eclampsia. Methodology Patients diagnosed with severe pre-eclampsia in the Indian state of Bihar between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, were subjected to a retrospective analysis of hospital admission information. The patients who participated in this study were female. At the time of admittance, a record of the mother's difficulties and a serum lactate analysis were obtained. The nature of the relationship between maternal issues and serum lactate levels was investigated using statistical methods such as association and logistic regression. Results  Seventy-five percent of the 200 female participants in the study encountered at least one problem while hospitalized. 45% of the patients developed eclampsia, 32% developed acute renal impairment, and 24% developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Serum lactate levels and obstetric complications were found to have a significant positive correlation (r = 0.72, p 0.001 for both statements). A logistic regression analysis revealed an association between an increased risk of maternal difficulties and a higher odds ratio per unit increase in lactate level of 1.58 (95% confidence interval: 1.31-1.80, p 0.001). Conclusion This study indicated severe pre-eclampsia admissions with high serum lactate levels were associated with maternal problems. Serum lactate levels may indicate complications in severe pre-eclampsia. Early detection of elevated lactate levels helps clinicians monitor high-risk patients for consequences. Recommendation Further prospective research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the best lactate threshold for predicting severe pre-eclampsia problems

Structure Based Design And Synthesis Of Potential Dengue Virus NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors

Dengue is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with one of the five dengue virus serotypes. As far as anti-dengue drug discovery is concerned, among few established therapeutic targets, NS2B-NS3 protease is quite popular due to its role in production of mature viruses and plays a key role in maintaining infectivity. The work in this thesis described the computational and experimental studies in the design and synthesis of novel NS2B-NS3 protease from natural scaffolds such as lawsone and ferulic acid. In the case of naphthoquinone class of compounds, it was understood from docking studies that incorporation of molecular flexibility could lead to tighter binding compounds

ASSOCIATION OF SERUM HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS WITH UNEXPLAINED STILL BIRTHS

Background This study examines the concept that elevated homocysteine levels are associated with sudden infant death syndrome. The study aimed to determine whether elevated serum homocysteine levels were related to an increased risk of iatrogenic stillbirths. Method In this retrospective case-control study, 100 women who had stillbirths for unknown reasons and 100 who had normal pregnancies served as cases and controls, respectively. The serum homocysteine levels were evaluated using enzyme assays, and other pertinent clinical and demographic information was also gathered. Result Significantly differing homocysteine levels were found between the case group (mean ± standard deviation: 12.5 ±2.1 units) and the control group (mean± standard deviation: 8.3± 1.5 units; p0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors  Conclusion The results suggest that elevated serum homocysteine levels may be a biomarker for the unknown risk of stillbirth in women. Further research is required into potential treatments and prevention strategies for hyperhomocysteinemia-related pregnancy complications. This study supports the theory that elevated homocysteine levels induce sudden infant death syndrome. Significant therapeutic implications result from these findings, as systematic homocysteine monitoring throughout pregnancy may help identify high-risk patients and implement appropriate therapies to reduce stillbirths. Recommendation There is a need for additional research to validate these findings and investigate methods to reduce maternal homocysteine levels such as maternal age, smoking status, and gestational age, logistic regression analysis revealed an important association between elevated serum homocysteine levels and unexplained stillbirths (odds ratio: 2.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.70-

Aceclofenac induced morbilliform eruptions: a case report

Maculopapular or morbilliform eruptions may be the most common of all cutaneous drug reactions. Antimicrobials, NSAIDS, barbiturates, anticonvulsants, oral hypoglycemics etc. have been commonly implicated in these adverse reactions (ADR). Here, authors are presenting a case of a 38-year-old female with morbilliform eruptions due to aceclofenac for the treatment of joint pain. The patient was treated with antihistaminics, steroids, antimicrobials and local application of GV paint. She was discharged after eleven days with good recovery