Diseño del programa de reincorporación laboral Post- Covid-19 para empresa del sector logístico en Bogotá en el 2021

El tema de investigación “Diseño del Programa de Reincorporación Laboral Post- Covid- 19 para Empresas del Sector Logístico en Bogotá en el 2021”, está enfocado en garantizar condiciones de trabajo seguras y saludables en el desarrollo de las diferentes actividades productivas de la empresa, utilizando estrategias preventivas y protectoras, que contribuyen al bienestar físico, mental y social de los trabajadores, con el fin de evitar accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades laborales, cortando las cadenas de transmisión a través de la implementación de procedimientos, formatos, protocolos, guías que permitan plasmar documentalmente el seguimiento después del contagio. El Método utilizado en esta investigación es de tipo Mixto, el cual permite profundizar los conocimientos sobre la reincorporación laboral de los trabajadores afectados por el covid-19 y el diseño del programa, para ello se aplicó la técnica de la observación y encuesta; para solucionar los problemas dejados por el covid-19. Esta investigación se desarrolla en tres fases, con el fin de dar cumplimiento a cada uno de los objetivos específicos propuestos, teniendo en cuenta los estándares normativos impuestos por el gobierno nacional y local. En conclusión dicha investigación fue de gran importancia para la empresa, porque permitió profundizar en un tema de auge en la actualidad como lo es la pandemia por covid-19, explícitamente en lo concerniente con la afectación de la enfermedad sobre las actividades propias de la empresa, lo que implica un alto riesgo de contraer y propagar la enfermedad.The research topic "Design of the Post-Covid-19 Labor Reintegration Program for Companies in the Logistics Sector in Bogotá in 2021", is focused on ensuring safe and healthy working conditions in the development of the different productive activities of the company, using preventive and protective strategies, which contribute to physical well-being, mental and social workers, in order to avoid work accidents and occupational diseases, cutting the chains of transmission through the implementation of procedures, formats, protocols, guides that allow documentary capture of the follow-up after infection. The method used in this research is of a mixed nature which allows to deepen the knowledge about the return to work of workers affected by covid-19 and the design of the program, for this the technique of observation and survey was applied; to solve the problems left by covid-19. This research is developed in three phases, in order to comply with each of the specific objectives proposed, taking into account the regulatory standards imposed by the national and local government. In conclusion, this research was of great importance for the company, because it allowed to delve into a topic of boom today such as the covid-19 pandemic, explicitly in relation to the affectation of the disease on the company's own activities, which implies a high risk of contracting and spreading the disease.Tabla de Contenidos 1 Título 1 2 Planteamiento del problema 1 2.1 Descripción del problema 1 2.2 Formulación del problema 2 3 Objetivos 2 3.1 Objetivo general 2 3.2 Objetivos específicos 2 4 Justificación 3 5 Marco de referencia 4 5.1 Estado del arte 4 5.1.1 Nacionales. 4 5.1.2 Internacionales. 8 5.2 Marco teórico 12 5.2.1 Enfermedad Laboral. 12 5.2.2 Tabla de enfermedades laborales. 13 5.2.3 Secuelas por causa de la pandemia. 13 5.2.4 Reincorporación laboral. 18 5.2.5 De salud a la economía. 18 5.2.6 Impacto económico regional en Colombia. 19 5.2.7 Alteraciones Psicológicas. 19 5.2.8 Situación Mundial: Personal de Salud. 21 5.2.9 Excepción y restricción al derecho de la educación. 22 5.2.10 Telemedicina. 23 5.3 Marco legal 24 6 Marco metodológico 37 6.1 Paradigma. 38 6.2 Método. 39 6.3 Tipo y diseño de investigación. 39 6.4 Fases del Estudio. 39 6.5 Recolección de la información 43 6.5.1 Fuentes de información primarias. 43 6.5.2 Fuentes de información secundaria. 43 6.5.3 Población y muestra 44 6.5.4 Instrumentos 44 6.5.5 Técnica de análisis de datos. 44 6.5.6 Procedimiento 45 6.6 Cronograma 46 6.7 Método para Análisis de la información 47 7 Lista de referencia 62EspecializaciónEspecialista en Gerencia de la Seguridad y Salud en el TrabajoEspecialización en Gerencia de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabaj

Ecología poblacional de la babilla (caiman crocodilus fuscus) en el valle del río magdalena (cundinamarca, colombia)

Para proponer un plan de conservación de la babilla se estudiaron poblacionessilvestres y su hábitat en ambientes lóticos y lénticos en diez sitios en el valle delrío Magdalena, Cundinamarca. A partir de conteos nocturnos se registraron 464individuos y se estimaron densidades de hasta 4.3 babillas/ km en ambientes lóticosy de 11.6 babillas/ha en ambientes lénticos. En la estructura de tallas predominaronlos individuos juveniles y una proporción sexual 1:1. El hábitat entre los ambienteslóticos fue diferente en la cantidad de playas, número de enramadas, árboles quetocan al agua y en la cantidad de hojarasca en los bosques. En los ambientes lénticosse encontraron lagunas con hasta 70 % de vegetación flotante, 49 % del perímetrocon bosque de ribera, 83 % del perímetro con playas, 40 enramadas y 90 árbolesque tocan al agua mientras que la cobertura de los bosques varió entre el 60 y 80 %y la cantidad de hojarasca varió entre 0.013 m3 a 0.028 m3. En ambos ambientes seencontró una relación positiva de la densidad de babillas con la cantidad de bosquede ribera. La mayoría de individuos en ambientes lóticos se registró en aguas abiertasmientras que en los lénticos se registró en vegetación flotante. Se encontró que lasbabillas usan más unos micro-hábitats que otros independientemente de la oferta queproporciona el hábitat

Economía Colaborativa como modelo de negocio para el turismo sustentable en la provincia de Pichincha, Ecuador

The collaborative economy has become a trend that, added to the growing use of the internet, it looks for promoting the tourism; through the exchange of assets and services, modifying the traditional vision of business. That is why this research aims to determine the feasibility of the collaborative economy as a business model, through a descriptive and causal statistical analysis to the tourist servers of Pichincha province through the digital platforms’ empowerment as a direct link between tourism companies and their consumers. The research was divided into two groups: suppliers and demanders, where the supplier promises new ways of traveling, staying and integrating into the local culture at a lower cost and, on the other hand, the demander describes familiarization with the use of mobile applications, as well as web pages to search for the tourist places of their choice. The results showed that there is a relationship between digital media and the contracted service, nevertheless it is evident that the collaborative economy applied to the tourism is a business model that for the moment has not been exploited in Pichincha , with the exception of those who actively use social networks and information technologies to promote their resources, whilst in the case of small establishments, they should work hard on the use of these benefits in order to bring out their dependence.La economía colaborativa se ha convertido en una tendencia que sumada al creciente uso del internet, busca potenciar el turismo; mediante el intercambio de bienes y servicios, modificando la visión tradicional de negocio. Es por ello que, la presente investigación pretende determinar la factibilidad de la economía colaborativa como modelo de negocios, mediante un análisis estadístico descriptivo y causal a los servidores turísticos de la provincia de Pichincha a través de la potenciación de plataformas digitales como nexo directo entre las empresas turísticas y sus consumidores. La investigación se dividió en dos grupos: ofertantes y consumidores, en donde el ofertante promete nuevas formas de viajar, de alojarse y de integrarse en la cultura local a un costo inferior y por el otro lado el consumidor, describe la familiarización con el uso de aplicaciones móviles, así como páginas web para la búsqueda de los lugares turísticos de su preferencia. Los resultados muestran que existe una relación entre los medios digitales y el servicio contratado, mas se evidencia que la economía colaborativa aplicada al turismo es un modelo de negocios que por el momento no se ha explotado en la provincia de Pichincha, a excepción de aquellos que usan activamente redes sociales y tecnologías de la información para promover sus recursos, mientras que en el caso de establecimientos pequeños se debería trabajar arduamente en el uso de estas bondades a fin de sacar a flote su dependencia

Influence of Diagnostic Delay on Survival Rates for Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer affects men and women alike. Sometimes, due to clinical-pathological factors, the absence of symptoms or the failure to conduct screening tests, its diagnosis may be delayed. However, it has not been conclusively shown that such a delay, especially when attributable to the health system, affects survival. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the overall survival rate of patients with a delayed diagnosis of colorectal cancer. This observational, prospective, multicenter study was conducted at 22 public hospitals located in nine Spanish provinces. For this analysis, 1688 patients with complete information in essential variables were included. The association between diagnostic delay and overall survival at five years, stratified according to tumor location, was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios for this association were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. The diagnostic delay ≥ 30 days was presented in 944 patients. The presence of a diagnostic delay of more than 30 days was not associated with a worse prognosis, contrary to a delay of less than 30 days (HR: 0.76, 0.64-0.90). In the multivariate analysis, a short delay maintained its predictive value (HR: 0.80, 0.66-0.98) regardless of age, BMI, Charlson index or TNM stage. A diagnostic delay of less than 30 days is an independent factor for short survival in patients with CRC. This association may arise because the clinical management of tumors with severe clinical characteristics and with a poorer prognosis are generally conducted more quickly.This study was supported by public grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI09/90397, PS09/00314, PS09/00746, PI09/90453, PI09/00910, PI09/90460, PI09/90490, PI13/01692, PI13/00013, PI18/01181, PI18/01589, PS0900805 & PI0900441) and was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.S

Stress and anxiety triggering devices in dental students of Universidad de Antioquia

ABSTRACT: This study recognized those devices generating stress and anxiety originated during the educational practices of dental students. Methods: qualitative study which used different methods of gathering information such as Zung’s Test, which allows to measure stress or anxiety levels; the non structured interview and the reconstruction of life stories. Results: parting from these, the most important triggering devices of stress or anxiety were revealed, and they were: excessive academic load, working to please the instructor, and fear of accidents of biological risks. Conclusions: it was possible to recognize these devices in two daily surroundings of their educational processes: the academic and occupational interactions associated with physical manifestations such as tension, fatigue or pain, fear, anguish, concern, aggressiveness, indifference, and lack of concentration, among others.RESUMEN: La presente investigación reconoció aquellos dispositivos generadores de estrés y ansiedad que se dan en las prácticas formativas de estudiantes de Odontología. Métodos: investigación cualitativa que recurrió a diversos métodos de recolección de información como el test de Zung, que permite medir niveles de estrés o ansiedad, a la entrevista no estructurada y la reconstrucción de historias de vida. Resultados: a partir de estos se develaron como los más importantes dispositivos desencadenantes de carácter ansiógeno o estresante, el exceso de carga académica, el trabajar al gusto del docente y el miedo a los accidentes de riesgos biológicos. Conclusiones: estos dispositivos fue posible reconocerlos en dos ámbitos cotidianos de sus procesos formativos: el interaccional académico y el interaccional ocupacional, asociados a manifestaciones físicas como tensión, fatiga o dolores, psíquicos de miedo, angustia, preocupación, agresividad, desinterés y falta de concentración, entre otros

Influence of depression on survival of colorectal cancer patients drawn from a large prospective cohort

Objective The prevalence of depressive symptoms immediately after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is high and has important implications both psychologically and on the course of the disease. The aim of this study is to analyse the association between depressive symptoms and CRC survival at 5 years after diagnosis. Methods This multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study was conducted on a sample of 2602 patients with CRC who completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) at 5 years of follow-up. Survival was analysed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression models. Results According to our analysis, the prevalence of depressive symptoms after a CRC diagnosis was 23.8%. The Cox regression analysis identified depression as an independent risk factor for survival (HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.21–1.8), a finding which persisted after adjusting for sex (female: HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.51–0.76), age (>70 years: HR = 3.78; 95% CI: 1.94–7.36), need for help (yes: HR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.17–1.74), provision of social assistance (yes: HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16–1.82), tumour size (T3–T4: HR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.22–1.99), nodule staging (N1–N2: HR = 2.46; 95% CI: 2.04–2.96), and diagnosis during a screening test (yes: HR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55–0.91). Conclusions There is a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with CRC. These symptoms were negatively associated with the survival rate independently of other clinical variables. Therefore, patients diagnosed with CRC should be screened for depressive symptoms to ensure appropriate treatment can be provided.Funding for open Access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA. This study was supported by public grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI09/90397, PS09/00314, PS09/00746, PI09/90460, PI/0990490, PI13/01692, PI13/00013, PI18/01181, Pi18/01589) and was co-funded by the European Regional Development fund

A synbiotics, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and milk fat globule membranes supplemented formula modulates microbiota maturation and neurodevelopment

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.05.013.Acknowledgments The authors wish to acknowledge the parents and children who participated in the study, and also the paediatricians and researchers of the EURISTIKOS team at the Department of Paediatrics as well as the Genetics Service at Centro de Instrumentación Científica e UGR for their contributions.Funding This project was supported by CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial) and FEDER (SMARTFOODS: IDI-20141206), Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. (Contract FE-UGR No. 3349), and The Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, and partially supported by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595). Alicia Ruiz and Inmaculada Acuña were granted Ph.D. scholarships from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity. Tomás Cerdó was granted a Ph.D. scholarship from Carlos III Health Institute. Natalia Sepúlveda-Valbuena was granted with a scholarship from Fundación Carolina, Madrid, Spain.Background & aims The critical window of concurrent developmental paths of the nervous system and gut microbiota in infancy provides an opportunity for nutritional interventions with potential health benefits later in life. Methods We compared the dynamics of gut microbiota maturation and explored its association with neurodevelopment at 12 months and 4 years of age in 170 full-term healthy infants fed a standard formula (SF) or a new formula (EF) based on standard formula supplemented with synbiotics, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and bovine milk fat globule membranes (MFGM), including a breastfed reference group (BF). Results Using Dirichlet Multinomial Modelling, we characterized three microbial enterotypes (Mixed, anaerobic and aerobic profile; Bact, Bacteroides-dominant; Firm, Firmicutes-enriched) and identified a new enterotype dominated by an unidentified genus within Lachnospiraceae (U_Lach). Enterotypes were associated with age (Mixed with baseline, U_Lach with month 6, Bact and Firm with months 12 and 18). Trajectories or timely enterotype shifts in each infant were not random but strongly associated with type of feeding. Trajectories in SF shifted from initial Mixed to U_Lach, Bact or Firm at month. Microbiota maturation in EF split into a fast trajectory as in SF, and a slow trajectory with Mixed to U_Lach, Bact or Firm transitions at months 12 or 18, as in BF. EF infants with slow trajectories were more often in–home reared and born by vaginal delivery to mothers with pre-pregnancy lean BMI. At 12 months of age, language and expressive language scores were significantly higher in EF infants with fast trajectories than in BF. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were similar between EF infants with slow trajectories and BF at 12 months and 4 years of age. Conclusions Feeding a synbiotics, LC-PUFA and MFGM supplemented formula in a specific infant environment promoted probiotic growth and retarded gut microbiota maturation with similar neurodevelopment outcomes to breastfed infants.CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial) and FEDER (SMARTFOODS: IDI- 20141206)Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. (Contract FE-UGR No. 3349)Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessHORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595

Effectiveness of the combination elvitegravir/cobicistat/tenofovir/emtricitabine (EVG/COB/TFV/FTC) plus darunavir among treatment-experienced patients in clinical practice: A multicentre cohort study

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and tolerability of the combination elvitegravir/cobicistat/tenofovir/emtricitabine plus darunavir (EVG/COB/TFV/FTC + DRV) in treatment-experienced patients from the cohort of the Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Treatment-experienced patients starting treatment with EVG/COB/TFV/FTC + DRV during the years 2014-2018 and with more than 24 weeks of follow-up were included. TFV could be administered either as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide. We evaluated virological response, defined as viral load (VL) < 50 copies/ml and < 200 copies/ml at 24 and 48 weeks after starting this regimen, stratified by baseline VL (< 50 or ≥ 50 copies/ml at the start of the regimen). Results: We included 39 patients (12.8% women). At baseline, 10 (25.6%) patients had VL < 50 copies/ml and 29 (74.4%) had ≥ 50 copies/ml. Among patients with baseline VL < 50 copies/ml, 85.7% and 80.0% had VL < 50 copies/ml at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively, and 100% had VL < 200 copies/ml at 24 and 48 weeks. Among patients with baseline VL ≥ 50 copies/ml, 42.3% and 40.9% had VL < 50 copies/ml and 69.2% and 68.2% had VL < 200 copies/ml at 24 and 48 weeks. During the first 48 weeks, no patients changed their treatment due to toxicity, and 4 patients (all with baseline VL ≥ 50 copies/ml) changed due to virological failure. Conclusions: EVG/COB/TFV/FTC + DRV was well tolerated and effective in treatment-experienced patients with undetectable viral load as a simplification strategy, allowing once-daily, two-pill regimen with three antiretroviral drug classes. Effectiveness was low in patients with detectable viral loads.The RIS cohort (CoRIS) is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Sida (RD06/006, RD12/0017/0018 and RD16/0002/0006) as part of the Plan Nacional I + D + i and cofinanced by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)”

Servicios de acompañamiento y asistencia psicológica desarrollados durante la pandemia (COVID-19) en Argentina y Chile

La pandemia de COVID-19 provocó que los estados adopten, entre otras medidas, el aislamiento como modo de prevenir el esparcimiento del virus. Esto generó que los ciudadanos deban aprender a vincularse de un modo alternativo con los sistemas de educación y salud. Por otra parte, esta nueva condición de funcionamiento cívico impactó directamente sobre la subjetividad y la salud mental de la población. Como respuesta a la emergencia generada por la pandemia y las estrategias de asilamiento, surgieron diferentes espacios dirigidos a orientar, contener, acompañar y asistir a diferentes segmentos de la población: contagiados, familiares, trabajadores de la salud, trabajadores esenciales, etcétera. La construcción de estos dispositivos tuvo como desafíos definir un encuadre de trabajo eficaz para la situación descripta y establecer un modo de contacto y asistencia adecuado a la situación de aislamiento social. Objetivos: Presentar y discutir las experiencias de trabajo de diferentes servicios y dispositivos de asistencia vinculados a salud mental construidos en respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19 en las ciudades de Córdoba y Catamarca (Argentina) y en la ciudad de Chillán, en la región del Bío-Bío (Chile). Exponer datos e información en relación a las características de consultantes, motivos de consulta, modos de intervención y principales fortalezas y debilidades de los dispositivos. Contribuciones: Desde las diferentes perspectivas teórico-metodológicas y considerando las distintas poblaciones a las cuales se dirigieron los dispositivos, los modos de abordar el padecimiento subjetivo durante la pandemia aportan información relevante y reflexiones sobre la forma en la cual se responde a las emergencias en salud mental. Por otra parte, abren la discusión sobre modos novedosos de definir los encuadres de intervención e incluir la tecnología como un aliado en la asistencia psicológica en general.Fil: Rossi, Alejandra Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Rossi, Alejandra Noemí. Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina.Fil: González, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Ponce, Luciano Federico. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Ferrero, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Barrera Scholtis; Mariana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Salvetti, Marcela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología. Servicio Cuidando a Quienes Cuidan: Servicio de Contención Virtual para Efectores/as de la Salud, Docentes y No docentes; Argentina.Fil: Chávez Lorena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina.Fil: Moreno Frías, Ana Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología. Servicio Cuidando a Quienes Cuidan: Servicio de Contención Virtual para Efectores/as de la Salud, Docentes y No docentes; Argentina.Fil: Suárez, Coral. Salugénica; Argentina.Fil: Roldán, Fernando. Salugénica; Argentina.Fil: Reyes, Ana María. Universidad del Bío-Bío; Chile.Fil: Rey, Ricardo. Universidad del Bío-Bío; Chile.Fil: Zicavo Martínez, Nelson. Universidad del Bío-Bío; Chile

Efficacy and safety of a booster dose of influenza vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients, TRANSGRIPE 1-2: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Despite administration of annual influenza vaccination, influenza-associated complications in transplant recipients continue to be an important cause of hospitalization and death. Although influenza vaccination has been proven to be the most effective measure to reduce influenza infection after transplantation, transplant recipients are still vulnerable to influenza infections, with lower serological responses to vaccination compared to the general population. In order to assess the efficacy and safety of an alternative immunization scheme for solid organ transplant recipients, the TRANSGRIPE1-2 Study Group aimed to test a booster dose administration 5 weeks after the standard vaccination. The primary objective of this trial was to compare short-term and long-term neutralizing antibody immunogenicity of a booster dose of influenza vaccination to the standard single-dose immunization scheme. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of the efficacy and/or safety, cellular immune response, incidence of influenza infection, graft rejection, retransplant and mortality rates. METHODS/DESIGN: This phase III, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial was conducted between October 2012 and December 2013 in 12 Spanish public referral hospitals. Solid organ transplant recipients (liver, kidney, heart or lung), older than 16 years of age more than 30 days after transplantation were eligible to participate. Patients (N = 514) were stratified 1:1 by center, type of organ and time after transplantation and who either received the standard single dose (n = 257) or were treated according to a novel influenza vaccination schedule comprising the administration of a booster dose 5 weeks after standard vaccination (n = 254). Seroconversion rates were measured as a determinant of protection against influenza (main outcome). Efficacy and safety outcomes were followed until 1 year after influenza vaccination with assessment of short-term (0, 5, 10 and 15 weeks) and long-term (12 months) results. Intention-to-treat, per-protocol and safety analyses will be performed. DISCUSSION: This trial will increase knowledge about the safety and efficacy of a booster dose of influenza vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients. At the time the manuscript was submitted for publication, trial recruitment was closed with a total of 499 participants included during a 2-month period (within the seasonal influenza vaccination campaign). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01761435 (registered 13 December 2012). EudraCT Identifier: 2011-003243-21 (registered 4 July 2011)