Biogenic Magnetite Nanoparticle Ensemble Use in MRI Diagnostics

We present a simple analytical tool, which allows the calculation of the MRI diagnostics feasibility of the biogenic magnetite nanoparticles. Elevated levels of these particles are usually linked to the pathological processes, especially to neurodegenerative disorders. We showed theoretically that the biogenic magnetite itself is not sufficient for the non-invasive diagnostics and must be extended with the total iron incorporated in other biological structures

Comparison of Iron Oxide-Related MRI Artifacts in Healthy and Neuropathological Human Brain Tissue

The aim of this study is to clarify whether clinical magnetic resonance imaging data can be utilised to evaluate the pathological processes associated with disrupted iron homeostasis, such as neurodegenerative processes or cirrhosis. Although MRI has the potential to become a non-invasive biomarker of such pathology, new quantification methods must be introduced. Our findings confirmed that it is possible to detect significant difference between healthy and pathological tissue from standard T2 weighted MRI protocols

Differentiation of Native and Reconstructed Ferritin using the MRI Gradient Echo Pulse Sequence

Ferritin is a biological iron storage biomacromolecule, consisting of a spherical protein shell (apoferritin) and mineral iron core. It plays a crucial role in the pathological processes of disrupted iron homeostasis followed by iron accumulation, linked with various disorders (e.g. neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, cirrhosis, cancer, etc.) In vitro reconstructed ferritin, with the assistance of a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging technique, has the potential to become a suitable biomarker of these pathological processes. Through gradient echo pulse sequencing, we were able to clearly distinguish between native (physiological) and reconstructed/iron-overloaded (pathological) ferritin, which can serve as a starting point for the development of a method for their differentiation. Such method is necessary for the early diagnosis of iron-based diseases

Quantitation of Magnetic Resonance Signals: The jMRUI Software Package

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Effect of BSA Protein on the Contrast Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles during MRI

The aim of the study was to establish whether there is a significant change in the MRI contrast of magnetite nanoparticles, after BSA protein binding on the surface of particles. The rationale is the applicability of this feature in clinical practice for the tracking of specific proteins which are often associated with various pathologies. Contrast agents could bind to this specific marker, with the change in MRI contrast indicating the presence of pathology. We found that changes in relative contrast acquired at low-field MRI offer potential for the differentiation of magnetite nanoparticles with and without BSA protein. However, the variations in the transverse relaxation time (T₂) and transverse relaxivity (r₂), acquired at high-field MRI, were too small to be applicable for biomedical applications

Quantitation of magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals: The jMRUI software package

The software package jMRUI with Java-based graphical user interface enables user-friendly time-domain analysis of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and HRMAS-NMR signals. Version 3.x has been distributed in more than 1200 groups or hospitals worldwide. The new version 4.x is a plug-in platform enabling the users to add their own algorithms. Moreover, it offers new functionalities compared to versions 3.x. The quantum-mechanical simulator based on NMR-SCOPE, the quantitation algorithm QUEST and the main MRSI functionalities are described. Quantitation results of signals obtained in vivo from a mouse and a human brain are given