Asset measurement in the costing of government services

Differences in asset measurement techniques can have a major impact on reported capital costs. Their influence on total unit cost depends on the importance of capital costs as a proportion of total costs for the particular service area being studied. In the areas of corrective services, police services and public hospitals the results reported in this paper indicate that different methods of asset measurement could lead to quite large variations in reported capital costs. Considered in the context of total unit costs, however, the differences created by these asset measurement effects were relatively small as capital costs represent a relatively small proportion of total cost.assets - asset - measurement - government services - government service provision - corrective services - police - housing - public hospitals - justice - courts

Friendship activities of adults with intellectual disability in supported accommodation in northern England

Background Despite there being considerable evidence to suggest that friendships are central to health and well-being, relatively little attention had been paid to the friendships of people with intellectual disabilities. Methods Friendship activities involving people with and without intellectual disabilities were measured over the preceding month in a sample of 1542 adults with intellectual disabilities receiving supported accommodation in nine geographical localities in Northern England. Results The results of the study indicate: (1) low levels of friendship activities among people with intellectual disabilities in supported accommodation; (2) people with intellectual disabilities are more likely to be involved in activities with friends who also have intel lectual disabilities than with friends who do not have intellectual disabilities; (3) most friendship activities take place in the public domain rather than in more private settings (e.g. at home); (4) the setting in which a person lives is a more significant determinant of the form and content of activities with their friends than the characteristics of participants. Conclusions Further attention needs to be given to research and practice initiatives aimed at increasing the levels of friendship activities of people with intellectual disabilities

Determining the optimal size of local government: the case of Tasmanian councils

We estimated the optimal size of the most significant functions performed by Tasmanian councils between 1999 and 2008 using a non-parametric technique based on the shared input data envelopment analysis model. The principal advantage of this technique is that it not only provides an overall estimate of efficiency but it also allows for the estimation of ‘partial efficiencies’ and ‘cost shares’ when one input is shared among multiple outputs. Our results indicate that water supply and sewerage services, on average, were more efficient, whereas activities related to community health and safety and information systems warrant improvement. However, because the costs associated with water supply and sewerage services are considerably higher than the costs related to community health and safety and information systems, the elimination of these inefficiencies would result in greater cost savings for the Tasmanian local government sector