87 research outputs found
NK and T cells constitute two major, functionally distinct intestinal epithelial lymphocyte subsets in the chicken
Non-mammalian NK cells have not been characterized in detail; however, their analysis is essential for the understanding of the NK cell receptor phylogeny. As a first step towards defining chicken NK cells, several tissues were screened for the presence of NK cells, phenotypically defined as CD8(+) cells lacking T- or B-lineage specific markers. By this criteria, approximately 30% of CD8(+) intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), but <1% of splenocytes or peripheral blood lymphocytes were defined as NK cells. These CD8(+)CD3(-) IEL were used for the generation of the 28-4 mAb, immunoprecipitating a 35-kDa glycoprotein with a 28-kDa protein core. The CD3 and 28-4 mAb were used to separate IEL into CD3(+) IEL T cells and 28-4(+) cells, both co-expressing the CD8 antigen. During ontogeny, 28-4(+) cells were abundant in the IEL and in the embryonic spleen, where two subsets could be distinguished according to their CD8 and c-kit expression. Most importantly, 28-4(+) IEL lysed NK-sensitive targets, whereas intestinal T cells did not have any spontaneous cytolytic activity. These results define two major, phenotypically and functionally distinct IEL subpopulations, and imply an important role of NK cells in the mucosal immune system
Equine recurrent uveitis - A spontaneous horse model of uveitis
Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an autoimmune disease that occurs with a high prevalence (10%) in horses. ERU represents the only reliable spontaneous model for human autoimmune uveitis. We already identified and characterized novel autoantigens (malate dehydrogenase, recoverin, CRALBP) by analyzing the autoantibody-binding pattern of horses affected by spontaneous recurrent uveitis (ERU) to the retinal proteome. CRALBP also seems to be relevant to human autoimmune uveitis. Proteomic screening of vitreous and retinal samples from ERU diseased cases in comparison to healthy controls has led to the identification of a series of differentially regulated proteins, which are functionally linked to the immune system and the maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier. Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel
MixUp-MIL: Novel Data Augmentation for Multiple Instance Learning and a Study on Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis
Multiple instance learning exhibits a powerful approach for whole slide
image-based diagnosis in the absence of pixel- or patch-level annotations. In
spite of the huge size of hole slide images, the number of individual slides is
often rather small, leading to a small number of labeled samples. To improve
training, we propose and investigate different data augmentation strategies for
multiple instance learning based on the idea of linear interpolations of
feature vectors (known as MixUp). Based on state-of-the-art multiple instance
learning architectures and two thyroid cancer data sets, an exhaustive study is
conducted considering a range of common data augmentation strategies. Whereas a
strategy based on to the original MixUp approach showed decreases in accuracy,
the use of a novel intra-slide interpolation method led to consistent increases
in accuracy.Comment: MICCAI'23, https://gitlab.com/mgadermayr/mixupmi
CRALBP is a Highly Prevalent Autoantigen for Human Autoimmune Uveitis
Cellular retinaldehyde binding protein (CRALBP) is an autoantigen in spontaneous equine recurrent uveitis. In
order to test whether CRALBP contributes to human autoimmune uveitis, the specificity of antibodies from human
uveitis patient's sera was first evaluated in two-dimensional (2D) Western blot analysis. Subsequent identification of the immunoreactive proteins by mass spectrometry resulted in the identification of CRALBP as a putative autoantigen. Additionally, sera from human uveitis and control patients were by Western blot using purified human recombinant CRALBP. Anti-CRALBP autoantibodies occur more frequently (P<.01) in human uveitis patients than in normal controls. Thirty out of 56 tested uveitis patient's sera contained autoantibodies reactive against CRALBP, compared to only four out of 23 normal control subjects. The presence of CRALBP autoantibodies in 54% of tested uveitis patients supports CRALBP as a possible autoantigen in human autoimmune uveitis
Vasodilator Phosphostimulated Protein (VASP) Protects Endothelial Barrier Function During Hypoxia
The endothelial barrier controls the passage of solutes from the vascular space. This is achieved through active reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. A central cytoskeletal protein involved into this is vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). However, the functional role of endothelial VASP during hypoxia has not been thoroughly elucidated. We determined endothelial VASP expression through real-time PCR (Rt-PCR), immunhistochemistry, and Western blot analysis during hypoxia. VASP promoter studies were performed using a PGL3 firefly luciferase containing plasmid. Following approval by the local authorities, VASP−/− mice and littermate controls were subjected to normobaric hypoxia (8% O2, 92% N2) after intravenous injection of Evans blue dye. In in vitro studies, we found significant VASP repression in human microvascular and human umbilical vein endothelial cells through Rt-PCR, immunhistochemistry, and Western blot analysis. The VASP promoter construct demonstrated significant repression in response to hypoxia, which was abolished when the binding of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha was excluded. Exposure of wild-type (WT) and VASP−/− animals to normobaric hypoxia for 4 h resulted in an increase in Evans blue tissue extravasation that was significantly increased in VASP−/− animals compared to WT controls. In summary, we demonstrate here that endothelial VASP holds significant importance for endothelial barrier properties during hypoxia
Estimativa da produção de proteína microbiana pelos derivados de purinas na urina em novilhos
Das Konzept der Nachbarschaft und ihr Stellenwert in der gegenwärtigen Gesellschaft : dargestellt am Beispiel von Hallein und Bad Dürrnberg, Land Salzburg
eingereicht von Florian StangassingerLiteraturverzeichnis: Blatt I-IIParis-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, Diplomarbeit, 2019(VLID)507878
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