Anastomotic loop between common hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery in coexistence with an aberrant right hepatic artery

Anatomical variations of the hepatic arteries are not uncommon. The anomalous hepatic arterial supply is of paramount importance in hepatobiliary, pancreatic or liver transplantation and in laparoscopic surgery. We describe an unusual case of a 66-year-old Greek male cadaver, where a rare anastomosis (in the form of an enlarged arterial loop, 4.84 mm in diameter) between the common hepatic artery (6.42 mm) and the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) (4.82 mm) coexisted with an aberrant right hepatic artery (ARHA) (6.38 mm) originating from the superior mesenteric artery. The proper hepatic artery was absent. The ARHA followed a route posterior to the portal vein and the common hepatic duct, entering the liver and supplying the right hepatic segment. A hypoplastic right gastric artery emanated from the GDA. Our case report highlights the combined variations of hepatic arteries and possible anastomoses emphasizing that a thorough knowledge of the classic and variable hepatic arterial anatomy are mandatory for surgeons and radiologists performing hepatic surgery and arteriography to avoid potential iatrogenic injuries in hepatobiliary and pancreas area and further medico-legal implications

The Future of Business Discourse Teaching

This chapter will:; ; ; Explore ways in which new media and digital technologies are shaping business communication and highlight the importance of digital communicative competence for learners and teachers;; ; ; Discuss ways in which the digital workplace can be brought into the business discourse classroom;; ; ; Discuss the role of Business English and other business languages in international business and what this means for business discourse teaching;; ; ; Consider how the multicultural workplace can inform business discourse teaching;; ; ; Provide a case study that illustrates some of the above developments, together with a set of tasks appropriate for the business discourse classroom, and a set of further readings

Adult-onset still's disease: From pathophysiology to targeted therapies

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder affecting primarily young individuals. The diagnosis is primarily clinical and necessitates the exclusion of a wide range of mimicking disorders. Given the lack of solid data in regard to the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms, treatment of AOSD has been for years largely empirical. Recent advances have revealed a pivotal role of several proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in disease pathogenesis, giving rise to the development of new targeted therapies aiming at optimal disease control. © 2012 Clio P. Mavragani et al

Κοινωνία & εργασία

Η εργασία είναι ένα σύνθετο φαινόμενο με πολλαπλούς ιστορικούς, κοινωνιολογικούς, οικονομικούς και ανθρωπολογικούς προσδιορισμούς. Ο παρών συλλογικός τόμος αποσκοπεί στην ανάδειξη των διάφορων πτυχών της εργασίας, των μετασχηματισμών που συντελέστηκαν και συντελούνται στον τρόπο οργάνωσής της καθώς και των τρόπων αξιολόγησης και πρόσληψης του φαινομένου από την επιστήμη. Ο τόμος συμπεριλαμβάνει θεωρητικές και εμπειρικές συμβολές γραμμένες από ειδικούς επιστήμονες που αναλύουν με εμβρίθεια και τεκμηρίωση διαχρονικές και σύγχρονες πλευρές της εργασίας και απασχόλησης. Επιμέρους ζητήματα που εξετάζονται είναι ο χρόνος εργασίας, οι σχέσεις εργασίας - χώρου, οι σύγχρονοι μετασχηματισμοί στη δομή της απασχόλησης και την οργάνωση της εργασίας, η νοηματοδότηση της εργασίας, η έννοια του επαγγέλματος, το θέμα της αυτονομίας και χειραφέτησης στη εργασία, οι κανόνες λειτουργίας των ιδιαίτερων κόσμων της εργασίας, κ.λπ. Πρόκειται για έργο αναφοράς χρήσιμο σε κοινωνιολόγους, πολιτικούς επιστήμονες, ανθρωπολόγους και γενικότερα κοινωνικούς επιστήμονες

Credit-Flow-Controlled ATM versus Wormhole Routing

: ATMhas been adopted as the main high speed technology in both wide and local area networks. When ATM is combined with credits-the flow control mechanism that is particularly suitable for local data communication- it becomes appropriate for multiprocessor interconnection networks as well. Actually,credit-flowcontrolled ATM has similarities with wormhole routing, one of the most popular architectures for MP networks: they both use credits and fixed size cells/flits, and their hardwarecomplexity is comparable. In this paper,weshow that ATM with credits performs better than wormhole routing, because ATM uses lanes moreefficiently: ATMprovides high throughput and low latency with much less buffer space than that required by wormhole routing; also, ATM demonstrates little sensitivity to bursty traffic, and, unlike wormhole, it is fair in terms of latency in hot-spot configurations. Our simulation uses detailed and realistic switch models, which operate at clock-cycle granularity and track ..

Anastomotic loop between common hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery in coexistence with an aberrant right hepatic artery

Anatomical variations of the hepatic arteries are not uncommon. The anomalous hepatic arterial supply is of paramount importance in hepatobiliary, pancreatic or liver transplantation and in laparoscopic surgery. We describe an unusual case of a 66-year-old Greek male cadaver, where a rare anastomosis (in the form of an enlarged arterial loop, 4.84 mm in diameter) between the common hepatic artery (6.42 mm) and the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) (4.82 mm) coexisted with an aberrant right hepatic artery (ARHA) (6.38 mm) originating from the superior mesenteric artery. The proper hepatic artery was absent. The ARHA followed a route posterior to the portal vein and the common hepatic duct, entering the liver and supplying the right hepatic segment. A hypoplastic right gastric artery emanated from the GDA. Our case report highlights the combined variations of hepatic arteries and possible anastomoses emphasizing that a thorough knowledge of the classic and variable hepatic arterial anatomy are mandatory for surgeons and radiologists performing hepatic surgery and arteriography to avoid potential iatrogenic injuries in hepatobiliary and pancreas area and further medico-legal implications. © Copyright 2017 Via Medica

A specific phospholipase C activity regulates phosphatidylinositol levels in lung surfactant of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Lung surfactant (LS) is a lipid-rich material lining the inside of the lungs. It reduces surface tension at the liquid/air interface and thus, it confers protection of the alveoli from collapsing. The surfaceactive component of LS is dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine, while anionic phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and primarily phosphatidylglycerol are involved in the stabilization of the LS monolayer. The exact role of PtdIns in this system is not wellunderstood; however, PtdIns levels change dramatically during the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) evolution. In this report we present evidence of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) activity in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid,which may regulate PtdIns levels. Characterization of this extracellular activity showed specificity for PtdIns and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, sharing the typical substrate concentration-, pH-, and calcium-dependencies with mammalian PI-PLCs. Fractionation of BAL fluid showed that PI-PLC did not co-fractionate with large surfactant aggregates, but it was found mainly in the soluble fraction. Importantly, analysis of BAL samples from control subjects and from patients with ARDS showed that the PI-PLC specific activity was decreased by 4-fold in ARDS samples concurrently with the increase in BAL PtdIns levels. Thus, we have identified for the first time an extracellular PI-PLC enzyme activity that may be acutely involved in the regulation of PtdIns levels in LS