Plastic deformation of CoO single crystals

Constant strain rate compressions along have been performed on CoO single crystals (ε ∼ 6 x 10-5 s-1). Yield stresses and work hardening rates have been measured between 77 K and 1 400 K; CoO is very strong when compared to similar compounds. Vickers indentations have been performed on { 100 }, { 110 } and {111 } faces around the Néel temperature, i.e. between 0 °C and 40 °C. Hardness values are low if compared to constant strain rate deformation characteristics; they show a minor anomaly at the Néel temperature.Des essais de compression à vitesse constante (ε ∼ 6 x 10 -5 s-1) ont été réalisés selon une direction de monocristaux de CoO. La contrainte à la limite élastique et le taux de consolidation ont été déterminés entre 77 K et 1 400 K. Leurs valeurs sont très élevées par rapport à celles de composés similaires. La micro-dureté Vickers a été mesurée sur les faces { 100 }, { 110 } et { 111 } entre 0 °C et 40 °C, températures encadrant le point de Néel. La dureté de CoO est faible par comparaison avec les caractéristiques de déformation à vitesse constante; elle montre une faible anomalie à la température de Néel

How does gender influence the recognition of cardiovascular risk and adherence to self-care recommendations? : a study in polish primary care

Background: Studies have shown a correlation between gender and an ability to change lifestyle to reduce the risk of disease. However, the results of these studies are ambiguous, especially where a healthy lifestyle is concerned. Additionally, health behaviors are strongly modified by culture and the environment. Psychological factors also substantially affect engagement with disease-related lifestyle interventions. This study aimed to examine whether there are differences between men and women in the frequency of health care behavior for the purpose of reducing cardiovascular risk (CVR), as well as cognitive appraisal of this type of risk. We also aimed to identify the psychological predictors of engaging in recommended behavior for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease after providing information about this risk in men and women. Methods: A total of 134 consecutive eligible patients in a family practice entered a longitudinal study. At initial consultation, the individual’s CVR and associated health burden was examined, and preventive measures were recommended by the physician. Self-care behavior, cognitive appraisal of risk, and coping styles were then assessed using psychological questionnaires. Six months after the initial data collection, the frequency of subjects’ self-care behavior was examined. Results: We found an increase in health care behavior after providing information regarding the rate of CVR in both sexes; this increase was greater for women than for men. Women followed self-care guidelines more often than men, particularly for preventive measures and dietary advice. Women were more inclined to recognize their CVR as a challenge. Coping style, cognitive appraisal, age, level of health behaviors at baseline and CVR values accounted for 48% of the variance in adherence to self-care guidelines in women and it was 52% in men. In women, total risk of CVD values were most important, while in men, cognitive appraisal of harm/loss was most important. Conclusions: Different predictors of acquisition of health behavior are encountered in men and women. Our results suggest that gender-adjusted motivation models influencing the recognition process need to be considered to optimize compliance in patients with CVR

ESPRAS Survey on Continuing Education in Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery in Europe

Background Specialty training in plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery is a prerequisite for safe and effective provision of care. The aim of this study was to assess and portray similarities and differences in the continuing education and specialization in plastic surgery in Europe. Material and Methods A detailed questionnaire was designed and distributed utilizing an online survey administration software. Questions addressed core items regarding continuing education and specialization in plastic surgery in Europe. Participants were addressed directly via the European Leadership Forum (ELF) of the European Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (ESPRAS). All participants had detailed knowledge of the organization and management of plastic surgical training in their respective country. Results The survey was completed by 29 participants from 23 European countries. During specialization, plastic surgeons in Europe are trained in advanced tissue transfer and repair and aesthetic principles in all parts of the human body and within several subspecialties. Moreover, rotations in intensive as well as emergency care are compulsory in most European countries. Board certification is only provided for surgeons who have had multiple years of training regulated by a national board, who provide evidence of individually performed operative procedures in several anatomical regions and subspecialties, and who pass a final oral and/or written examination. Conclusion Board certified plastic surgeons meet the highest degree of qualification, are trained in all parts of the body and in the management of complications. The standard of continuing education and qualification of European plastic surgeons is high, providing an excellent level of plastic surgical care throughout Europe

L'umano nell'uomo: Vasilij Grossman tra ideologie e domande eterne

Vasilij Grossman (1905-1964) s'impone solo ora, con il recente successo delle ripubblicazioni in diverse lingue del suo capolavoro postumo Vita e destino, come una delle figure artistiche e filosofiche pi\uf9 interessanti del XX secolo. La dimensione letteraria di Grossman che affonda le radici nella pi\uf9 alta tradizione russa - \ue8 votata ad un realismo classico, aperto all'universale, costantemente teso all'espressione di domande ultime ed eterne che affermano l'uomo e la sua libert\ue0 contro il potere dell'ideologia. L'umano nell'uomo \ue8 questo nucleo originale presente in ogni uomo che impedisce al potere di schiacciare il singolo nella morsa dell'omologazione. Tra i meandri oscuri della storia del Novecento, la risposta di Grossman non \ue8 da intendersi solo in senso intellettuale: \ue8 una strada reale che la letteratura, nella sua bellezza "incarnata", manifesta come possibilit\ue0 aperta all'esperienza di ciascuno. I saggi che compongono questo volume il secondo di studi collettanei su Grossman - rappresentano un passo decisivo verso una conoscenza completa della vita e dell'opera del grande autore russo e ne documentano l'appartenenza ai classici della letteratura di ogni tempo

Plastic deformation of bunsenite (NiO) at temperatures below 1 050 °C

Constant strain rate compression tests along and have been performed on NiO single crystals (ε ∼ 7 x 10-5 s-1). Yield stresses, work hardening rates and thermal activation parameters have been measured between 77 K and 1 323 K. The flow-stress for samples compressed along ( 100 〉 shows an anomaly at the Néel temperature much smaller than the one previously published [3, 5]. The plastic anisotropy is compared to other ionic compounds and the hardening mechanism are discussed based on mechanical data.Des essais de compression à vitesse constante (ε ∼ 7 x 10 -5 s-1) ont été réalisés sur des monocristaux de NiO selon les directions et . La contrainte d'écoulement plastique, le taux de consolidation et les paramètres d'activation thermique ont été déterminés entre 77 K et 1 323 K. La contrainte à la limite élastique pour des essais selon montre une anomalie à la température de Néel bien moindre que celle publiée précédemment [3, 5]. L'anisotropie plastique est comparée à celles de quelques composés ioniques, et les mécanismes de durcissement sont discutés sur la base des données mécaniques

Performance limits for smooth-wall gravity-assisted heat pipes

Performance limits for vertical, smooth-wall heat pipes were obtained from experiments performed at the IKE of the University of Stuttgart and at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The data are correlated with parameters derived from flooding in countercurrent, two-phase flows. Tests using smooth-walled, wickless heat pipes demonstrate the applicability of two-phase flow correlations for predicting performance limits in gravity-assisted heat pipes