1,374 research outputs found
Description of Atalodera gibbosa n. sp. and synonymization of Thecavermiculatus Robbins, 1978 to Atalodera Wouts and Sher, 1971 (Nemata : Heteroderidae)
#Atalodera gibbosa n. sp. est parasite de la graminée #Trachypogon montufori Nees (Poacées) au Brésil. Cette nouvelle espèce est caractérisée par : la grande longueur du stylet, des spicules, de la fente vulvaire et de la distance vulve-anus, ainsi que par le profil variable de la région vulvaire - continu, faible protubérance ou cône vulvaire typique - les oeufs et les juvéniles de deuxième stade (J2) éclos conservés dans le corps de la femelle, la présence d'un tube cloacal, les glandes oesophagiennes remplissant la cavité du corps des J2 enfin le champ latéral constitué de trois lignes atypiques. #Thecavermiculatus Robbins, 1978 est synonymisé à #Atalodera Wouts & Sher, 1971. Au champ, les populations du nématode sont élevées et fluctuantes pendant la saison humide, tandis qu'elles sont faibles et la reproduction réduite durant la saison sèche pendant laquelle les J2 survivent à l'intérieur du corps de la femelle (dans les oeufs ou libres après éclosion). (Résumé d'auteur
Finite field transforms and symmetry groups
AbstractDecoding methods for error-correcting codes which are based on syndrome look-up tables are of limited use due to the rapidly increasing amount of storage that they require as the number of check digits of the code increases. A method is described which uses shortened syndrome look-up tables in an efficient way, thus providing an improvement with respect to classical syndrome decoding methods. The algorithm can be characterised in general as a type of permutation decoding which uses transform domain information, with the interesting variation that permutations not preserving the code are also allowed
Environmental heterogeneity caused by anthropogenic disturbance drives forest structure and dynamics in Brazilian Atlantic Forest
We evaluated how tree community floristic composition, forest structure and dynamics varied over a period of 13 years across a topographic gradient of ravines created by anthropic disturbance in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The study area is located within a fragment of Atlantic Forest (21° 09' S, 44° 54' W), in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This work was based on data of tree diameter at 1.3 m from the soil, collected in four inventories. Each individual was recorded as being in one of three stratified topographic classes: hilltop, slope and bottom. We used direct gradient analysis to evaluate floristic compositional changes, phytosociological analysis to evaluate structural variations, and assessed demographic and biomass changes over time through analysis of rates of forest dynamics. The results did not reflect modifications in the patterns of floristic composition and species diversity along the topographic gradient, while differences in forest structural attributes and dynamics may be detected at these smaller spatial scales. Thus, the same species group may employ different strategies against different restrictive environmental factors. Finally, we suggest that floristic composition and species diversity may be less sensitive parameters for post-disturbance responses than forest dynamics and structure
Influence Of Family Environment On Children's Oral Health: A Systematic Review
Objective: To review current models and scientific evidence on the influence of parents' oral health behaviors on their children's dental caries. Sources: MEDLINE articles published between 1980 and June, 2012. Original research articles on parents' oral health behavior were reviewed. A total of 218 citations were retrieved, and 13 articles were included in the analysis. The studies were eligible for review if they matched the following inclusion criteria: (1) they evaluated a possible association between dental caries and parents' oral-health-related behaviors, and (2) the study methodology included oral clinical examination. The main search terms were "oral health", "parental attitudes", "parental knowledge", and "dental caries". Summary of the findings: 13 experimental studies contributed data to the synthesis. Original articles, reviews, and chapters in textbooks were also considered. Conclusion: Parents' dental health habits influence their children's oral health. Oral health education programs aimed at preventive actions are needed to provide children not only with adequate oral health, but better quality of life. Special attention should be given to the entire family, concerning their lifestyle and oral health habits. © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.892116123Mattila, M.L., Rautava, P., Ojanlatva, A., Paunio, P., Hyssälä, L., Helenius, H., Will the role of family influence dental caries among seven-year-old children? 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Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis in São Paulo State, Brazil : a pilot study
Cystic fibrosis is one of the most common autosomal recessive hereditary diseases in the Caucasian population, with an incidence of 1:2000 to 1:3500 liveborns. More than 1000 mutations have been described with the most common being F508del. It has a prevalence of 23-55% within the Brazilian population. The lack of population-based studies evaluating the incidence of cystic fibrosis in São Paulo State, Brazil, and an analysis concerning the costs of implantation of a screening program motivated the present study. A total of 60,000 dried blood samples from Guthrie cards obtained from April 2005 to January 2006 for neonatal screening at 4 reference centers in São Paulo State were analyzed. The immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT)/IRT protocol was used with the cut-off value being 70 ng/mL. A total of 532 children (0.9%) showed IRT >70 ng/mL and a 2nd sample was collected from 418 (80.3%) of these patients. Four affected children were detected at two centers, corresponding to an incidence of 1:8403. The average age at diagnosis was 69 days, and 3 of the children already showed severe symptoms of the disease. The rate of false-positive results was 95.2% and the positive predictive value for the test was 8%. The cost of detecting an affected subject was approximately US$8,000.00 when this cystic fibrosis program was added to an existing neonatal screening program. The present study clearly shows the difficulties involved in cystic fibrosis screening using the IRT/IRT protocol, particularly in a population with no long-term tradition of neonatal screening421
Transfer-matrix scaling from disorder-averaged correlation lengths for diluted Ising systems
A transfer matrix scaling technique is developed for randomly diluted
systems, and applied to the site-diluted Ising model on a square lattice in two
dimensions. For each allowed disorder configuration between two adjacent
columns, the contribution of the respective transfer matrix to the decay of
correlations is considered only as far as the ratio of its two largest
eigenvalues, allowing an economical calculation of a configuration-averaged
correlation length. Standard phenomenological-renormalisation procedures are
then used to analyse aspects of the phase boundary which are difficult to
assess accurately by alternative methods. For magnetic site concentration
close to , the extent of exponential behaviour of the curve
is clearly seen for over two decades of variation of . Close to the
pure-system limit, the exactly-known reduced slope is reproduced to a very good
approximation, though with non-monotonic convergence. The averaged correlation
lengths are inserted into the exponent-amplitude relationship predicted by
conformal invariance to hold at criticality. The resulting exponent
remains near the pure value (1/4) for all intermediate concentrations until it
crosses over to the percolation value at the threshold.Comment: RevTeX 3, 11 pages +5 figures, uuencoded, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
(1994), PUC/RJ preprin
Dark energy, non-minimal couplings and the origin of cosmic magnetic fields
In this work we consider the most general electromagnetic theory in curved
space-time leading to linear second order differential equations, including
non-minimal couplings to the space-time curvature. We assume the presence of a
temporal electromagnetic background whose energy density plays the role of dark
energy, as has been recently suggested. Imposing the consistency of the theory
in the weak-field limit, we show that it reduces to standard electromagnetism
in the presence of an effective electromagnetic current which is generated by
the momentum density of the matter/energy distribution, even for neutral
sources. This implies that in the presence of dark energy, the motion of
large-scale structures generates magnetic fields. Estimates of the present
amplitude of the generated seed fields for typical spiral galaxies could reach
G without any amplification. In the case of compact rotating objects,
the theory predicts their magnetic moments to be related to their angular
momenta in the way suggested by the so called Schuster-Blackett conjecture.Comment: 5 pages, no figure
Current-Density Functional Theory of the Response of Solids
The response of an extended periodic system to a homogeneous field (of
wave-vector ) cannot be obtained from a time-dependent density
functional theory (TDDFT) calculation, because the
Runge-Gross theorem does not apply. Time-dependent {\em current}-density
functional theory is needed and demonstrates that one key ingredient missing
from TDDFT is the macroscopic current. In the low-frequency limit, in certain
cases, density polarization functional theory is recovered and a formally exact
expression for the polarization functional is given.Comment: 5 pages, accepted in PR
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