Forensic aspects in animal abuse/cruelty: negative behaviors of humans towards the livestock

Abuses (cruelty) are instances of inappropriate treatment of animals by careers or persons interacting with the animal as part of the production process, such as before sacrifice or during shearing. These circumstances are then generalized on a large scale, leading to the spread of this behavior and posing a serious risk to animal welfare. It is important to establish the prevalence of behaviors, the reasons for the occurrence and the appropriate responses from livestock communities. These issues need to be taken into account in the context in which we have a moral duty towards the animals we care for and provide us with consumer goods. In general, the idea is to use animals for the company, food or clothing, an idea embraced even by many who do not consume meat but buy meat products for feeding their pets. Animals that provide these resources are dependent on people for food and shelter throughout their lives. Therefore, we have a duty to care for those animals that depend on us. In our research, the prevalence of deliberate maltreatment of animals in the county of Iasi was monitored. This does not mean that there were no occasions when an individual harmed the animal due to a certain set of circumstances, such as the animal's response to orders or because the person is upset about other reasons or is not feeling well. Cases of animal abuse are numerous, from precarious housing, to starvation, beating and even slaughter in barbaric conditions. Under existing laws (Law 205/2004 modified and republished in 2017) on animal welfare, a person commits the offense of cruelty to animals when the person causes death or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering to any animal by an act, an omission, or willful neglect

Preparation of electromechanically active silicone composites and some evaluations of their suitability for biomedical applications

Some films based on electromechanically active polymer composites have been prepared. Polydimethylsiloxane-α,ω-diols (PDMSs) having different molecular masses (Mv = 60 700 and Mv = 44 200) were used as matrix in which two different active fillers were incorporated: titanium dioxide in situ generated from its titanium isopropoxide precursor and silica particles functionalized with polar aminopropyl groups on surface. A reference sample based on simple crosslinked PDMS was also prepared. The composites processed as films were investigated to evaluate their ability to act as efficient electromechanical actuators for potential biomedical application. Thus, the surface morphology of interest for electrodes compliance was analysed by atomic force microscopy. Mechanical and dielectric characteristics were evaluated by tensile tests and dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. Electromechanical actuation responses were measured by interferometry. The biocompatibility of the obtained materials has been verified through tests in vitro and, for valuable films, in vivo. The experimental, clinical and anatomopathological evaluation of the in vivo tested samples did not reveal significant pathological modifications

Unusual Canine Cutaneous Melanoma Presenting Parietal Bone Metastasis: A Case Report

Melanocytic tumour anatomic location is considered an important prognostic indicator. The cutaneous forms are generally considered benign and may show various biological behaviours. This work reports a rare case of canine cutaneous melanoma showing parietal bone metastasis. Bone invasion in melanocytic tumours is often described in oral or visceral melanomas, but not in cutaneous forms. The patient (dog, male, mixed breed, 12 years) was initially presented for the surgical removal of a cutaneous tumour located on the skin of the carpal region of the right forelimb. Four months after, the patient returned with enlarged lymph nodes and acute respiratory failure. The patient was euthanized due to a decline in physical condition. The necropsy showed metastases in the affected forelimb, regional lymph node, splanchnic organs, parietal bone and meninges. Histopathological examination of tumour tissue samples revealed a mixture of pigmented and non-pigmented spindle and epithelioid melanocytes, while according to immunohistochemistry, the tumours showed a strong immunopositivity for VEGF and MMP-10, and a moderate positivity for MMP-2 expression. This case shows that cutaneous melanocytic tumours may show an aggressive malignant form with positive immunohistochemical reactions for multiple invasiveness factors

An outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in rabbits

Rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease, known as viral necrotic hepatitis or hemorrhagic pneumonia, is a contagious disease with peracute or acute outcome and characterized by hyperthermia, prostration, hemorrhagic foamy discharge and mortality in 50-90% of cases. The main lesions are consisting in hemorrhagic diathesis, especially in lungs, liver and spleen. There are no evolution particularities regarding the age, breed, gender or species (domesticated or wild). The aim of this paper was consisting in describing the symptomatology and the pathology of hemorrhagic disease outbreak in rabbits. To the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Iasi were submitted for a physical examination 5 rabbits, 4 female and one male, crossbreed between Lionhead and Californian breed, 4 to 9 months old, kept in a private household, and. During the physical examination, the main symptomatology seen was consisting in sign of seizures, agitations, respiratory illness and nasal bloody and foamy discharge. Due to their bad conditions, the rabbits died shortly after the physical exam. The gross pathology was characterized by hemorrhagic diathesis, catarrhal-hemorrhagic rhinitis, laryngitis and tracheitis with the presence in lumen of a frothy and hemorrhagic liquid. The lesions seen in lungs were consisting in hemorrhagic pneumonia and edema, in liver a necrotic hepatitis, while in kidneys lesions with hemorrhagic pattern

Numerical Modeling of High-Speed Free Bulging of Thin-Wall Aluminum Tubes under the Action of Impulse Electromagnetic Forces

The paper proposes an approach in numerical modeling of electromagnetic forming of aluminum tubes. The investigated technology refers to a free expansion/bulging, without a die, of a thin wall aluminum tube. The aim is to build an accurate model that can take into account the particularities of the process, which is useful for numerical investigations regarding an optimal design of the device

FEM Analysis on Electromagnetic Processing of Thin Metal Sheets

Based on finite element analysis, this paper investigates a possible new technology for electromagnetic processing of thin metal sheets, in order to improve the productivity, especially on automated manufacturing lines. This technology consists of induction heating process followed by magnetoforming process, both applied to metal sheet, using the same tool coil for both processes

Using Genetic Algorithms for Optimization of Magnetic Pulse Forming Installations Based on PSPICE Model

Genetic algorithms are general-purposesearch techniques based on the mechanisms of naturalselection and population genetics. They are appealingbecause of their simplicity, extensibility, easyinterfacing possibility and since they need only verylittle knowledge about the problem. This paperattempts to show how genetic algorithm can be usedtogether with PSPICE simulation program todynamically implement some optimization problemsthat can use fitness function derived from a simulationprocess. Particularly, this optimization technique isapplied in the design of a magnetic pulse forminginstallation

Finite Element Analysis of Electromagnetic Forming Process Applied on Thin Wall Metallic Workpieces

The paper deals with numerical simulationsof magnetoforming process applied on thin wallmetallic workpieces. Finite element models aredeveloped using ANSYS Multiphysics as a support.The transient electromagnetic field phenomena aresequentially coupled with mechanical/structuralphenomena. The electromagnetic part of modelassumes the magnetic field – electrical circuit couplingand in the structural part, the deformed workpiece areconsidered as viscoplastic material with rate dependentmaterial properties

Imaging, necropsyc and histopathological findings in aggressive mammary tumor in one cat

The rate of cancer diagnosis in cats is increasing, and one of the most common type is of mammary gland tumors. Mammary neoplasis are clinically diagnosed, radiology and ultrasound revealed, and confirmed by necropsy examination and through histopathology. One intact female cat, 9 years old, with 10 cm ulcerated mammary tumor and with severe clinical condition, was brought to the Radiology service for imaging examination metastasis check up. Considering the critical condition, the radiological findings, and the clinical tumoral staging, with the consent of the owner, the cat was directed to the anatomopathology department for euthanasia, and for necropsy procedures. Pathological findings that were discovered on survey radiographs included: increased radiopacity in the pulmonary projection area, mild pleural effusion, radiopaque structure defined in the ventral abdominal wall, with decrease radiodensity middle area, and radiopaque kidney projection area. During necropsy, macroscopically was identified: aggressive mammary tumor invasions, pulmonary metastasis, kidney changes and ovarian cysts. Histophatological changes consists of: diagnosed mammary adenocarcinoma consisted of polymorphic cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei, with frequent mitosis and with necrosis areas. Also, subpleural pulmonary metastasis with compact tumoral cells areas, hepatic congestion injury and fibrous nephritis were encountered. Mixed mammary adenocarcinoma exhibit a complex histological pattern, with an aggressive clinical behaviour, associated with a reserved or bad prognostic. Mammary tumours are one of the most frequent neoplasia in female cats; therefore, these tumours represent a serious problem in veterinary medicine

Evaluation of Compatibility between Beetle-Killed Lodgepole Pine (Pinus Contorta var. Latifolia) Wood with Portland Cement

The compatibility of wood from mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosa) killed lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) with Portland cement was investigated based on time-since-death as a quantitative estimator, and the presence of blue-stained sapwood, brown rot, or white rot as qualitative indicators. The exothermic behavior of cement hydration, maximum heat rate, time to reach this maximum, and total heat released within a 3.5–24 h interval were used for defining a new wood-cement compatibility index (CX). CX was developed and accounted for large discrepancies in assessing wood-cement compatibility compared to the previous methods. Using CX, no significant differences were found between fresh or beetle-killed wood with respect to the suitability for cement; except for the white rot samples which reached or exceeded the levels of incompatibility. An outstanding physicochemical behavior was also found for blue-stained sapwood and cement, producing significantly higher compatibility indices