Isolation and localization of cells expressing Sca-1 in the Adult Mouse Ovary: An evidence for presence of Mesenchymal Stem cells

Objective: Recently growing evident declared that ‘neo-oogenesis’ continues in mature female life span and simultaneously another studies confirmed the presence of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Even though there is agreement between scientist about SSCs population in male gender but on the other side ovarian stem cells have received raising challenges regarding the existence in the surface epithelium of ovary. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most applicable source of stem cells and the common marker of MSCs is Sca-1 so the purpose of this study was to clarify the incidence of stem cells in the surface epithelium of ovary Methods: forty C57BL6 mice were sacrificed and the ovary carefully excised from its surrounding fat tissue, after mechanical and enzymatic digestion cells were stained with Sca1 to estimate the incidence of positive stem cells (SCs) population fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Part of digested cells used for RT-PCR, also histological section prepared for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of Sca-1 in ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) FACS. Results: The gene expression of Sca-1 was confirmed in the ovarian tissue. As well, localization of Sca-1 positive cells was detected in the germinal layer of ovary and epithelial granular layer of primordial follicles. Moreover, we successfully could isolated the Sca-1positive cells through Conclusion: The present work findings confirmed an inclusive stem cell population in the ovary which can be a strong evident for regeneration of ovarian tissue in either purpose of ovulation scar and neo-oogenesis

Osteocalcin improved Spermatogenesis in Azoospermic Mouse Model

Infertility is one of the major health concerns in the world whose globally incidence rate is on the rise. Several hormones are effective in this process, such as testosterone, estrogen and Osteocalcin (OCN). The Osteocalcin has Gprc6a receptors on leydig cells, which promotes the production of testosterone when mounted on these receptors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of Osteocalcin on the improvement of spermatogenesis and expression of Gprc6a receptors on leydig cells in the azoospermic mouse model.Twenty-five mice (4 to 6 weeks) were randomly divided into five groups: control, sham I Group that was initially injected by busulfan solvent (DMSO) at 5 weeks old and then by Osteocalcin solvent (PBS) after 5 weeks for one month, azoospermia Group that received busulfan (40 mg/kg/ip) at 5 weeks old. Sham II Group received busulfan 40mg/kg/ipandt hen after 5 weeks received PBS and experimental group, including azoospermic mice, was administered by Osteocalcin (3ng/g/d) for one month. After the last injection, the tests were dissected and then exposed to the tissue passage. To measure morphological changes, H & E staining was performed on a number of sections to measure the diameter of the seminiferous tubule, thickness of the germinal layer, count the spermatogonial cells, spermatocyte, round spermatid, long spermatid, Sertoli, leydigandmyoid cells. Image J software was used to conduct quantitative studies. Immunohistochemical method was employed to examine the expression of the specific receptor of Osteocalcin, Gprc6α, in the Leydig cell among the groups.The H & E staining showed a significant difference in the count the spermatogonial cells, spermatocytes, round spermatids, long spermatids, the thickness of the germ layer, the seminiferous tubule diameter between the studied groups (P<0.05).There was also no significant difference in the count of Sertoli, leydig, myoid cells and seminiferous tubule diameter between the groups (P<0.05). In the immune histochemistry, no significant difference was found in the count of GpRC6α-positive leydig cells between the groups (P< 0.05).According to the current results, the OCN plays an important role in spermatogenesis, which has a positive effect on the count of spermatocytes and spermatids, and can be further explored as an appropriate therapeutic strategy proposed for the infertility.

The interaction between Sertoli cells and luekemia inhibitory factor on the propagation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells in vitro

Background: Sertoli cells play a pivotal role in creating microenvironments essential for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renewal and commitment to differentiation. Maintenance of SSCs and or induction of in vitro spermiogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy to treat male infertility. Objective: This study investigated the role of luekemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on the propagation of SSCs and both functions of Sertoli cells on the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Materials and Methods: SSCs were sorted from the testes of adult male mice by magnetic activated cell sorting and thymus cell antigen 1 antibody. On the other hand, isolated Sertoli cells were enriched using lectin coated plates. SSCs were cultured on Sertoli cells for 7 days in the absence or presence of LIF. The effects of these conditions were evaluated by microscopy and expression of meiotic and post meiotic transcripts by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our data showed that SSCs co-cultured with Sertoli cells in the presence of LIF formed colonies on top of the Sertoli cells. These colonies had alkaline phosphatesase activity and expressed SSCs specific genes. SSCs were enjoyed limited development after the mere removal of LIF, and exhibiting expression of meiotic and postmeiotic transcript and loss of SSCs specific gene expression (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings represent co-culture of SSCs with Sertoli cells provides conditions that may allow efficient proliferation and differentiation of SSCs for male infertility treatment

Efficacy of a traditional herbal formula based on Colchicum autumnale L. (Rhazes tablet) in low back pain: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Background:&nbsp; Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly chronic diseases in the world today. The use of herbal medicines based on Colchicum autumnal is one of the solutions recommended by Persian medicine for treatment of LBP. One of these products is Rhazes tablet. This study aimed to determine effect of the Rhazes tablet on LBP pain relief and symptoms. Methods: Fifty patients with chronic LBP, aged 19-59 years old, who had LBP for more than 12 weeks, were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided in to intervention group (n=26) and control group (n=24). The patients in the intervention and control groups were treated with Rhazes tablet + Ibuprofen pearl (400mg) PRN and placebo tablet + Ibuprofen pearl (400mg) PRN, respectively. All patients received one tablet in the first week, 2 tablets in week 2-4 and 3 tablets in week 5-8. Pain severity was measured and recorded using VAS and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for all patients at weeks 0, 4 and 8. Results: The results indicated that Rhazes tablet as a traditional Persian medicine caused a significant reduction in LBP in the intervention group compared to control group (P&lt;0.039). Using the Rhazes tablet for 8 weeks reduced pain severity in the group suffering from severe pain from 50% in the first visit to 15.4% in the third visit; while the pain severity was increased from 20% to 25% in the control group.&nbsp; In the intervention group, a woman in the fifth week of study got severe diarrhea, and the severity was decreased by reducing the number of Rhazes tablet. In the intervention group, a man experienced increased libido in the fourth week of study. Conclusion: Rhazes tablet can be used as a pharmacological intervention to reduce pain in patients with LBP. Results showed promising effects of Rhazes tablet on pain relief and LBP symptoms. &nbsp

Pearson’s correlation between age, education, number of passed academic and clinical semesters, moral reasoning, sensation, mental health, SES and ethical decision making.

Pearson’s correlation between age, education, number of passed academic and clinical semesters, moral reasoning, sensation, mental health, SES and ethical decision making.</p

The fitness model.

BackgroundEvaluating moral principles in the Society of Medical Sciences and health care workers (HCWs) is imperative due to their direct contact with the community and the significant impact of their attitudes and decisions on people’s lives. This study aimed to determine the components related to ethical decisions in medical sciences students.MethodsOne thousand two hundred thirty-five eligible students in the Alborz University of Medical Sciences participated in this descriptive study. We gathered their socio-demographic information, assessed their moral reasoning, and used the ethical decisions questionnaire, Lutsen moral sensitivity questionnaire, and general health questionnaire (GHQ) for data gathering. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 25 and LISREL version 8.8.ResultsAccording to the path analysis test findings, ethical reasoning significantly correlated with ethical decision-making (B = 0.40). The number of clinical courses passed, moral sensation (moral sensitivity), and the total number of passed academic semesters had the greatest positive and negative association with ethical decision-making, respectively. (B = 0.54), (B = 0.524) and (B = -0.11).ConclusionBased on the findings of the moral reasoning test, the moral sensation was associated with ethical decision-making, which indicates the necessity of attending to ethical aspects, promoting moral reasoning, sensitivity, and students’ accuracy.</div

Demographic information distribution in clinical students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences.

Demographic information distribution in clinical students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences.</p

Direct and indirect effects of socio-demographic parameters, moral sensitivity and moral reasoning with ethical decision making in the students.

Direct and indirect effects of socio-demographic parameters, moral sensitivity and moral reasoning with ethical decision making in the students.</p

Path diagram for the association of socio-demographic parameters, moral sensation and moral reasoning with ethical decision making in the students.

MR = moral reasoning, MD = moral decision, MS = moral sensitive, TERM = total number of passed semesters, TERMB = number of passed semesters in hospital, EDU = education, GHQ = general Health Questionnaire.</p