MAFROEDUC OLÙKỌ́ E A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE AFROCENTRADA

Este estudo analisa o MAfroEduc Olùkọ́, grupo de pesquisa institucionalizado e vinculado à Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), como espaço de formação docente afrocentrada MAfroEduc Olùkọ́, grupo de pesquisa institucionalizado e vinculado à Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), como espaço de formação docente afrocentrada, ampliando o repertório de visões da docência que são discutidas em sala de aula. Aborda práticas de (re) aprendizagem docente, a exemplo da realização de oficinas Ubuntu (NOGUEIRA, 2011) permeadas pela dialogicidade e amorosidade freiriana. Analisa a atuação do MAfroEduc Olùkọ́ e suas contribuições na formação docente afrocentrada por meio de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico e uso de depoimentos de integrantes do grupo coletados por meio de formulário eletrônico, enfatizando a importância do MAfroEduc Olùkọ́ na construção da AfroDocência. Constatamos que a prática, os encontros, os estudos e pesquisas realizadas pelo grupo estão alinhadas com a noção de Afrocentricidade (ASANTE, 2009; 2016) e amorosidade freiriana (FREIRE, 1992; 1996), contribui na produção de uma formação docente contra hegemônica e anticolonial que se contrapõe aos modelos de formação monocultural vigentes nas academias brasileiras

Impact of COVID‐19 on professional nursing practice environments and patient safety culture

Aim: To analyse the impact of COVID-19 on professional nursing practice environments and patient safety culture. Background: The relationship between work environments and patient safety has been internationally recognized. In 2020, the pandemic imposed enormous challenges, yet the impact on these variables remains unknown. Method: This is a quantitative observational study, conducted in a Portuguese hospital, with 403 registered nurses. A self-completion questionnaire was used. Results: The impact on the Structure and Outcome components of nursing professional practice environments was positive. Although the Process component remained favourable to quality of care, a negative trend was confirmed in almost all dimensions. The results regarding safety culture showed weaknesses; ‘teamwork within units’ was the only dimension that maintained a positive culture. Conclusion: Positive responses regarding patient safety were significantly associated with the quality of the nursing professional practice environment. The need to invest in all dimensions of safety culture emerges to promote positive professional environments. Implications for nursing management: Improving professional nursing practice environments can be achieved through managers’ investment in the participation and involvement of nurses in the policies and functioning of institutions, as well as promoting an open, fair and participatory safety culture that encourages reporting events and provides adequate support for professionals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The COVID-19 pandemic and professional nursing practice in the context of hospitals

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed challenges to health systems and institutions, which had to quickly create conditions to meet the growing health needs of the population. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on professional nursing practice environments and to identify the variables that affected their quality. Quantitative, observational study, conducted in 16 Portuguese hospitals, with 1575 nurses. Data were collected using a questionnaire and participants responded to two different moments in time: the pre-pandemic period and after the fourth critical period of COVID-19. The pandemic had a positive impact on the Structure and Outcome components, and a negative trend in the Process component. The variables associated with the qualification of the components and their dimensions were predominantly: work context, the exercise of functions in areas of assistance to COVID-19 patients, length of professional experience and length of experience in the service. The investment in professional practice environments impacted the improvement of organizational factors, supporting the development of nurses’ work towards the quality of care. However, it is necessary to invest in nurses’ participation, involvement and professional qualifications, which are aspects strongly dependent on the institutions’ management strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Professional Nursing Practice in the Context of Hospitals

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed challenges to health systems and institutions, which had to quickly create conditions to meet the growing health needs of the population. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on professional nursing practice environments and to identify the variables that affected their quality. Quantitative, observational study, conducted in 16 Portuguese hospitals, with 1575 nurses. Data were collected using a questionnaire and participants responded to two different moments in time: the pre-pandemic period and after the fourth critical period of COVID-19. The pandemic had a positive impact on the Structure and Outcome components, and a negative trend in the Process component. The variables associated with the qualification of the components and their dimensions were predominantly: work context, the exercise of functions in areas of assistance to COVID-19 patients, length of professional experience and length of experience in the service. The investment in professional practice environments impacted the improvement of organizational factors, supporting the development of nurses’ work towards the quality of care. However, it is necessary to invest in nurses’ participation, involvement and professional qualifications, which are aspects strongly dependent on the institutions’ management strategiesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pedagogia Ubuntuísta: epistemologia antirracista na formação inicial docente

La población negra brasileña viene desde hace mucho tiempo desarrollando conocimientos en su cotidiano para superar el racismo, que es un elemento estructural en la sociedad, en las relaciones sociales, en el trabajo, en la educación y, más específicamente, en la formación inicial del profesorado, cuando ese racismo se manifiesta mismo institucionalmente. Este artículo es un recorte reflexivo de la investigación de disertación titulada “África en nosotros: saberes ubuntu en la formación inicial de profesores en el curso de Pedagogía de la UFMA/Codó”, que analizó lugares de apropiación del saber ubuntu en la formación inicial de profesores en la UFMA/Codó curso de Pedagogía, entre los años 2020 y 2021. Hace uso de la investigación participativa, de carácter cualitativo con perspectivas epistémicas y teóricas decoloniales (Dussel, 2020) y afrocentradas (Asante, 2009). En el análisis de los documentos y la cotidianidad (Passos, 2022), se encuentran posibilidades para la constitución de una pedagogía ubuntuista alimentada por la afrodocencia (Sousa, 2022), que se presenta como un conjunto de saberes y prácticas, vinculados a principios afrocéntricos , presente en el cotidiano de la formación inicial docente, que se desarrolla en el curso de Pedagogía UFMA/Codó, revelando que (re)existen epistemologías de pedagogías antirracistas en territorios alimentados por el afrocentrismo.A população negra brasileira há muito vem elaborando saberes no cotidiano de suas vivências a fim de superar o racismo, que é elemento estrutural na sociedade, nas relações sociais, no trabalho, na educação e, de modo mais específico, na formação inicial docente, quando este racismo se manifesta institucionalmente. Este artigo é um recorte reflexivo da pesquisa de dissertação intitulada “África em nós: saberes ubuntu na formação inicial docente no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/Codó”, que analisou lugares de apropriação de saberes ubuntu na formação inicial docente, no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/Codó, entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Esta faz uso da pesquisa participante de cunho qualitativo com perspectivas epistêmicas e teóricas decoloniais (Dussel, 2020) e afrocentradas (Asante, 2009). Na análise documental e do cotidiano (Passos, 2022) constata-se possibilidades de constituição de uma pedagogia ubuntuísta alimentada pela afrodocência (Sousa, 2022), que se apresenta como um conjunto de saberes e práticas, ligados aos princípios afrocêntricos, presentes no cotidiano da formação inicial docente, que ocorre no curso de Pedagogia UFMA/ Codó, revelando que (re)existem epistemologias de pedagogias antirracistas em territórios nutridos de afrocentricidade.The Brazilian black population has long been developing knowledge in their daily lives in order to overcome racism, which is a structural element in society, in social relations, at work, in education and, more specifically, in initial teacher training, when this Racism manifests itself institutionally. This article is a reflective clipping of the dissertation research entitled “Africa in us: ubuntu knowledge in the initial teacher training in the UFMA/Codó Pedagogy course”, which analyzed places of appropriation of ubuntu knowledge in the initial teacher training in the UFMA/Codó Pedagogy course, between the years 2020 and 2021. It makes use of participatory research, of a qualitative nature with decolonial (Dussel, 2020) and afro-centered (Asante, 2009) epistemic and theoretical perspectives. In the analysis of documents and everyday life (Passos, 2022), possibilities for the constitution of an ubuntuist pedagogy fueled by afro-teaching (Sousa, 2022) are found, which presents itself as a set of knowledge and practices, linked to afrocentric principles, present in the daily life of initial teacher training, which takes place at the UFMA/Codó Pedagogy course, revealing that (re)exist epistemologies of anti-racist pedagogies in territories nourished by afrocentricity

Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus influenzae isolated during population-based surveillance for meningitis in Salvador, Brazil.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-07-19T18:46:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Reis JN Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus....pdf: 54442 bytes, checksum: 110530c92d39e251e888a37926d67f65 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-19T18:46:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reis JN Antimicrobial resistance in Haemophilus....pdf: 54442 bytes, checksum: 110530c92d39e251e888a37926d67f65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Secretaria da Saúde do Estado da Bahia. Hospital Couto Maia. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined for 150 Haemophilus influenzae isolates obtained during population- based surveillance for meningitis in Salvador, Brazil. Ten (6.7%) isolates were resistant to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Of these, two isolates, a -lactamase and non- -lactamase producer, were resistant to amoxacillin-clavulinic acid. These findings indicate that present antibiotic regimens in Brazil may not be appropriate for the treatment of H. influenzae meningitis

AMBIENTES DE TRABALHO DE ENFERMAGEM DURANTE A COVID-19: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA DESENVOLVER UMA FERRAMENTA TECNOLÓGICA: Contribuições para desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta tecnológica

Objetivo: avaliar o impacto da COVID-19 nos ambientes de trabalho de enfermagem e desenvolver uma ferramenta tecnológica para avaliar sistematicamente a qualificação desses contextos. Método: pesquisa de método misto realizada em seis hospitais portugueses, com participação de 442 enfermeiros. Utilizou-se um questionário com caracterização sociodemográfica e profissional, a Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice e questões abertas. Resultados: a COVID-19 teve impacto negativo nos componentes Estrutura (ƿ<0,001), Processo (ƿ<0,001) e Resultado (ƿ=0,009) dos ambientes de trabalho de enfermagem. A monitorização da qualidade dos ambientes de trabalho foi apontada como uma estratégia de melhoria. A ferramenta tecnológica desenvolvida permite identificar precocemente as dimensões mais fragilizadas e priorizar melhorias. Conclusão: a COVID-19 repercutiu negativamente nos ambientes de trabalho. A ferramenta tecnológica construída, que tornou mais dinâmica a avaliação dos ambientes de trabalho, além de garantir o envolvimento dos enfermeiros, constitui uma importante ferramenta de gestão. Descritores: Ambiente de Trabalho. COVID-19. Enfermagem. Hospitais. Tecnologia Biomédica

Poor clinical outcome for meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae serotype A strains containing the IS1016-bexA deletion

Submitted by Martha Silveira Berbert ([email protected]) on 2012-11-14T19:54:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima Josilene et al.pdf: 1281768 bytes, checksum: 8f3d780dd2627af3074616cd65ffd73e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-14T19:54:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima Josilene et al.pdf: 1281768 bytes, checksum: 8f3d780dd2627af3074616cd65ffd73e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilSecretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia. Hospital Couto Maia. Salvador, BA, BrasilImperial College London. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology. London, UKFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Farmácia. Salvador, BA, Brasilince the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines, meningitis caused by serotypes other than Hib has gained in importance. We conducted active hospital-based surveillance for meningitis over an 11-year period in Salvador, Brazil. H. influenzae isolates were serotyped and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing to identify strains with a specific deletion (IS1016) in the bexA gene (IS1016-bexA). We identified 43 meningitis cases caused by non-type b H. influenzae: 28 (65%) were caused by type a (Hia), 9 (21%) were caused by noncapsulated strains, and 3 (7%) each were caused by types e and f. Hia isolates clustered in 2 clonal groups; clonal group A strains (n = 9) had the IS1016-bexA deletion. Among children <5 years of age, meningitis caused by Hia from clonal group A had higher case-fatality than meningitis caused by clonal group B. Despite small numbers, these results indicate that the presence of the IS1016-bexA deletion is associated with enhanced virulence in non-type b H. influenzae

Haemophilus influenzae meningitis 5 years after introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in Brazil.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-04-25T13:44:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro GS Haemophilus influenzae....pdf: 300536 bytes, checksum: b104afb686084b0f0ac46c401086556f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-04-25T13:44:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro GS Haemophilus influenzae....pdf: 300536 bytes, checksum: b104afb686084b0f0ac46c401086556f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Pharmacy. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital Couto Maia. Secretary of Health for the State of Bahia. Salvador, BA, BrasilHospital Couto Maia. Secretary of Health for the State of Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Medicine. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Division of International Medicine and Infectious Diseases. Department of Medicine. Weill Medical College of Cornell University. NY, USAThe long-term impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine, introduced throughout Latin America in the late 1990s, has not been evaluated. Active surveillance for H. influenzae meningitis was performed from August 9, 1996 to August 8, 2004 in Metropolitan Salvador, Brazil. Five years after the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine, Hib meningitis incidence decreased from 2.39 to 0.06 cases per 100,000 population (98%) overall, and from 60.9 to 3.1 cases per 100,000 population (95%) in children <1 year of age. A transient serotype replacement phenomenon was observed associated with a small increase of meningitis due to two H. influenzae type a clonal groups. These findings indicate that Hib immunization campaign has led to the virtual elimination of Hib disease in this region. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

From the first to the fourth critical period of COVID-19 ::what has changed in nursing practice environments in hospital settings?

Background : The COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the need to invest in nursing practice environments and health institutions were led to implement several changes. In this sense, this study aimed to analyze the impact of the changes that occurred in nursing practice environments between the first and fourth critical periods of the pandemic. Methods : Quantitative, observational study, conducted in a University Hospital, with the participation of 713 registered nurses. Data were collected through a questionnaire with sociodemographic and professional characterization and the Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice, applied at two different points in time: from 1 to 30 June 2020 and from 15 August to 15 September 2021. Data were processed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results : Overall, the pandemic had a positive impact on nursing practice environments. However, the Process component remained favourable to quality of care, while the Structure and Outcome components only moderately favourable. Nurses working in Medicine Department services showed lower scores in several dimensions of the Structure, Process and Outcome components. On the other hand, nurses working in areas caring for patients with COVID-19 showed higher scores in several dimensions of the Structure, Process and Outcome components. Conclusions : The pandemic had a positive impact on various dimensions of nursing practice environments, which denotes that regardless of the adversities and moments of crisis that may arise, investment in work environments will have positive repercussions. However, more investment is needed in Medicine Department services, which have historically been characterised by high workloads and structural conditions that make it difficult to promote positive and sustainable workplaces